Python月饼
猿童学 人气:0一、效果展示
话不多说先上效果
为了更有意境我加了个完美的背景来衬托出月饼的好看
我的月饼画的不圆的原因是我故意的,为什么呢?
因为月有阴晴圆缺啊!哈哈!
上面是直接画的,没有填充,接下来我们画一个有填充的。
也可以添加好看的背景噢。
二、程序代码
代码将在下面解释,可以看着代码对应下面的函数解释。
第一种:
import turtle import math turtle.title("照彻乾坤,印透山河") turtle.bgpic("yueliang/1.png") p = turtle.Turtle() p.pensize(4) p.speed(3) #做月饼的面 def ellipse(a,b,n=500,c='#CD950C'): p.penup() p.setpos(a,0) color = p.color(c) p.pendown() for i in range(n): radian = 2 * math.pi /n theta = (i+1) * radian next_point = (a * math.cos(theta)),b * math.sin(theta) p.setpos(next_point) ellipse(300,200,c='#CD950C') ellipse(296,196,c='#FFB90F') ellipse(292,192,c='#FFD700') #做月饼的底 turtle.penup() turtle.goto(-10,-300) turtle.color("#CD950C") turtle.pensize(6) turtle.pendown() turtle.circle(430,42)#33 turtle.circle(420,-84)#-60 turtle.goto(-296,-40) turtle.penup() turtle.goto(296,-40) turtle.pendown() turtle.right(54) turtle.forward(151) turtle.penup() turtle.goto(0,0) turtle.pendown() def draw(a1,b1,a2,b2,f='#CD950C'):#边角的2个点,分别是(a1,b1),(a2,b2) turtle.penup() turtle.goto(a1,b1) turtle.pensize(6) turtle.color(f) turtle.pendown() turtle.goto(a2,b1) turtle.goto(a2,b2) turtle.penup() return() #下面是4个角图案 draw(260,78,130,170,'#FFD700') draw(250,90,150,160) draw(240,102,172,150) draw(230,114,194,140) draw(-260,-78,-130,-170,'#FFD700') draw(-250,-90,-150,-160) draw(-240,-102,-172,-150) draw(-230,-114,-194,-140) draw(260,-78,130,-170,'#FFD700') draw(250,-90,150,-160) draw(240,-102,172,-150) draw(230,-114,194,-140) draw(-262,78,-130,170,'#FFD700') draw(-250,90,-150,160) draw(-240,102,-172,150) draw(-230,114,-194,140) turtle.penup() turtle.pensize(6) turtle.color("#CD950C") turtle.goto(-270,66) turtle.pendown() turtle.goto(-150,66) turtle.goto(-150,-66) turtle.goto(-270,-66) turtle.goto(-270,-54) turtle.goto(-170,-54) turtle.goto(-170,54) turtle.goto(-276,54) turtle.goto(-276,42) turtle.goto(-190,42) turtle.goto(-190,-42) turtle.goto(-276,-42) turtle.goto(-276,-30) turtle.goto(-210,-30) turtle.goto(-210,30) turtle.goto(-279,30) turtle.goto(-279,18) turtle.goto(-230,18) turtle.goto(-230,-18) turtle.goto(-282,-18) turtle.goto(-282,-2) turtle.goto(-258,-2) turtle.penup() turtle.penup() turtle.goto(-128,-2) turtle.pendown() turtle.color("#FFD700") turtle.pensize(2) turtle.goto(126,-2) turtle.penup() turtle.penup() turtle.pensize(6) turtle.color("#CD950C") turtle.goto(270,66) turtle.pendown() turtle.goto(150,66) turtle.goto(150,-66) turtle.goto(270,-66) turtle.goto(270,-54) turtle.goto(170,-54) turtle.goto(170,54) turtle.goto(276,54) turtle.goto(276,42) turtle.goto(190,42) turtle.goto(190,-42) turtle.goto(276,-42) turtle.goto(276,-30) turtle.goto(210,-30) turtle.goto(210,30) turtle.goto(279,30) turtle.goto(279,18) turtle.goto(230,18) turtle.goto(230,-18) turtle.goto(282,-18) turtle.goto(282,-2) turtle.goto(258,-2) turtle.penup() turtle.penup() turtle.pensize(6) turtle.color("#CD950C") turtle.goto(-110,174) turtle.pendown() turtle.goto(-110,90) turtle.goto(110,90) turtle.goto(110,174) turtle.goto(90,174) turtle.goto(90,102) turtle.goto(-90,102) turtle.goto(-90,176) turtle.goto(-70,176) turtle.goto(-70,114) turtle.goto(70,114) turtle.goto(70,176) turtle.goto(50,176) turtle.goto(50,126) turtle.goto(-50,126) turtle.goto(-50,180) turtle.goto(-30,180) turtle.goto(-30,138) turtle.goto(30,138) turtle.goto(30,182) turtle.goto(10,182) turtle.goto(-10,182) turtle.goto(-10,150) turtle.goto(10,150) turtle.goto(10,166) turtle.penup() turtle.penup() turtle.goto(10,76) turtle.pendown() turtle.pensize(2) turtle.color("#FFD700") turtle.goto(10,-75) turtle.penup() turtle.penup() turtle.pensize(6) turtle.color("#CD950C") turtle.goto(-110,-174) turtle.pendown() turtle.goto(-110,-90) turtle.goto(110,-90) turtle.goto(110,-174) turtle.goto(90,-174) turtle.goto(90,-102) turtle.goto(-90,-102) turtle.goto(-90,-176) turtle.goto(-70,-176) turtle.goto(-70,-114) turtle.goto(70,-114) turtle.goto(70,-176) turtle.goto(50,-176) turtle.goto(50,-126) turtle.goto(-50,-126) turtle.goto(-50,-180) turtle.goto(-30,-180) turtle.goto(-30,-138) turtle.goto(30,-138) turtle.goto(30,-182) turtle.goto(10,-182) turtle.goto(-10,-182) turtle.goto(-10,-150) turtle.goto(10,-150) turtle.goto(10,-166) turtle.penup() #中间金色边框 turtle.penup() turtle.goto(-130,170) draw(-130,78,130,-78,'#FFD700') draw(130,-78,-130,78,'#FFD700') turtle.penup() #中间金色字体 turtle.penup() turtle.speed(1) turtle.penup() turtle.goto(-100,0) turtle.pendown() turtle.color('#D2691E') turtle.write("花",font=("隶书",60,"bold")) turtle.penup() turtle.goto(30,0) turtle.pendown() turtle.write("好",font=("隶书",60,"bold")) turtle.penup() turtle.goto(-100,-80) turtle.pendown() turtle.write("月",font=("隶书",60,"bold")) turtle.penup() turtle.goto(30,-80) turtle.pendown() turtle.write("圆",font=("隶书",60,"bold")) turtle.penup() p.hideturtle() turtle.mainloop()
第二种:
import turtle turtle.title("祝大家中秋节快乐!") # turtle.bgpic("hua/1.png") turtle.speed(100) turtle.color("#F5E16F") for i in range(20): # 顺时针移动18度 turtle.right(18) turtle.begin_fill() # 向前移动的距离 turtle.forward(220) # 画半径为 40 的半圆 turtle.circle(40, 180) # 画完半圆之后回到(0,0) turtle.goto(0, 0) turtle.right(360) turtle.end_fill() # 设置画笔粗细 turtle.pensize(20) # 填充颜色(外部、内部) turtle.color("#F5E16F", "#FF9933") turtle.goto(0, -200) # 准备开始填充 turtle.begin_fill() turtle.circle(200) # 填充结束 turtle.end_fill() turtle.right(360) turtle.color('#F5E16F') turtle.goto(0, -180) for i in range(12): turtle.begin_fill() turtle.circle(60, 120) turtle.left(180) turtle.circle(60, 120) turtle.end_fill() turtle.penup() turtle.goto(-80,-40) turtle.pendown() turtle.color("#F5E16F") turtle.write("团圆", font=("隶书", 60, "bold")) turtle.mainloop()
三、素材背景
将图片放在文件夹中
本文将1.png放在yueliang文件夹中
1.png
2.png
3.png
更多的背景可以在网上搜索获得。
四、原理解释
1、概念
turtle(海龟)是Python重要的标准库之一,它能够进行基本的图形绘制,其概念诞生于1969年。turtle是最有价值的程序设计入门实践库,它是程序设计入门层面最常用的基本绘图库。
turtle的绘图原理:
有一只海龟处于画布正中心,由程序控制在画布上游走;
海龟走过的轨迹形成了绘制的图形
海龟由程序控制,可改变其大小,颜色等
使用 import 保留字对 turtle 库的引用以下方式:
import turtle
2、函数
窗体函数
turtle.setup()函数与窗体有关,定义如下:
turtle.setup(width,height,startx,starty)
作用:设置主窗体的大小和位置
参数:
- width:窗口宽度。如果值是整数,表示像素值;如果值是小数,表示窗口宽度与屏幕的比例
- height:窗口高度。如果值是整数,表示像素值;如果值是小数,表示窗口高度与屏幕的比例
- startx:窗口左侧与屏幕右侧的像素距离。如果值是None,窗口位于屏幕水平正中央。
画笔状态函数
函数 | 描述 |
pendown( ) | 放下画笔 |
penup() | 提起画笔 |
pensize(width) | 设置画笔线条的粗细为指定大小 |
pencolor() | 设置画笔的颜色 |
color( a,b) | 同时设置画笔和填充颜色 |
begin_fill() | 填充恩形前,调用该方法 |
end_fill( ) | 填充图形结束 |
filling() | 返回填充的状态,True为填充。False为未填充 |
clear( ) | 清空当前窗口,但不改变当前画笔的位置 |
reset() | 清空当前窗口,并重置位置等状态为默认值 |
screensize( ) | 设置画布窗口的宽度、高度和背昱颜色 |
hideturtle() | 隐藏画笔的turtle形状 |
showturtle( ) | 显示画笔的turtle形状 |
isvisible( ) | 如果turtle可见,则返回True |
write(str,font=None) | 输出font字体的字符串 |
画笔运动函数
函数 | 描述 |
fd(distance) | 沿着当前方向前进指定距离 |
bk(distance) | 沿着当前相反方向后退指定距离 |
right(angle) | 向右旋转angle角度 |
left(angle) | 向左旋转angle角度 |
goto(x,y) | 移动到绝对坐标xy)处 |
sex(x) | 修改画笔的横坐标到次,纵坐标不变 |
sety(y) | 修改画笔的纵坐标到y,横坐标不变 |
seth(angle) | 设置当前朝向为angle角度 |
home() | 设置当前画笔位置为原点,朝向东 |
circle(radius,e) | 绘制一个指定半径r和角度e的圆或新形 |
dot(r.color) | 绘制一个指定半径r和预色color的圆点 |
undo( ) | 撤销画笔的最后一步动作 |
speed() | 设置画笔的绘制速度,参数为0~10之间 |
颜色代码大全
可以选择自己喜欢的颜色画。
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