Javascript实现汉字和拼音互转的终极方案

/**
 * 拼音首字母字典文件
 */
var pinyin_dict_firstletter = {};
pinyin_dict_firstletter.all = "YDYQSXMWZSSXJBYMGCCZQPSSQBYCDSCDQLDYLYBSSJG...";
pinyin_dict_firstletter.polyphone = {"19969":"DZ","19975":"WM","19988":"QJ","20048":"YL",...};

/**
 * 常规拼音数据字典，收录常见汉字6763个，不支持多音字
 */
var pinyin_dict_notone = 
{
 "a":"啊阿锕",
 "ai":"埃挨哎唉哀皑癌蔼矮艾碍爱隘诶捱嗳嗌嫒瑷暧砹锿霭",
 "an":"鞍氨安俺按暗岸胺案谙埯揞犴庵桉铵鹌顸黯",
 "ang":"肮昂盎",
 "ao":"凹敖熬翱袄傲奥懊澳坳拗嗷噢岙廒遨媪骜聱螯鏊鳌鏖",
 "ba":"芭捌扒叭吧笆八疤巴拔跋靶把耙坝霸罢爸茇菝萆捭岜灞杷钯粑鲅魃",
 "bai":"白柏百摆佰败拜稗薜掰鞴",
 "ban":"斑班搬扳般颁板版扮拌伴瓣半办绊阪坂豳钣瘢癍舨",
 "bang":"邦帮梆榜膀绑棒磅蚌镑傍谤蒡螃",
 "bao":"苞胞包褒雹保堡饱宝抱报暴豹鲍爆勹葆宀孢煲鸨褓趵龅",
 "bo":"剥薄玻菠播拨钵波博勃搏铂箔伯帛舶脖膊渤泊驳亳蕃啵饽檗擘礴钹鹁簸跛",
 "bei":"杯碑悲卑北辈背贝钡倍狈备惫焙被孛陂邶埤蓓呗怫悖碚鹎褙鐾",
 "ben":"奔苯本笨畚坌锛"
 // 省略其它
};

chua,den,eng,fiao,m,kei,nun,shei

3007 (ling2)
4E00 (yi1)
4E01 (ding1,zheng1)
4E02 (kao3)
4E03 (qi1)
4E04 (shang4,shang3)
4E05 (xia4)
4E06 (none0)
4E07 (wan4,mo4)
4E08 (zhang4)
4E09 (san1)
4E0A (shang4,shang3)
4E0B (xia4)
4E0C (ji1)
4E0D (bu4,bu2,fou3)
4E0E (yu3,yu4,yu2)
4E0F (mian3)
4E10 (gai4)
4E11 (chou3)
4E12 (chou3)
4E13 (zhuan1)
4E14 (qie3,ju1)
...

var pinyin_dict_withtone = "yi1,ding1 zheng1,kao3,qi1,shang4 shang3,xia4,none0,wan4 mo4,zhang4,san1,shang4 shang3,xia4,ji1,bu4 bu2 fou3,yu3 yu4 yu2,mian3,gai4,chou3,chou3,zhuan1,qie3 ju1...";

{
 "吖": "yā,ā",
 "阿": "ā,ē",
 "呵": "hē,a,kē",
 "嗄": "shà,á",
 "啊": "ā,á,ǎ,à,a",
 "腌": "ā,yān",
 "锕": "ā",
 "錒": "ā",
 "矮": "ǎi",
 "爱": "ài",
 "挨": "āi,ái",
 "哎": "āi",
 "碍": "ài",
 "癌": "ái",
 "艾": "ài",
 "唉": "āi,ài",
 "蔼": "ǎi"
 /* 省略其它 */
}

{
 "兙": "shí kè",
 "兛": "qiān",
 "兝": "fēn",
 "兞": "máo",
 "兡": "bǎi kè",
 "兣": "lǐ",
 "唞": "dǒu",
 "嗧": "jiā lún",
 "囍": "xǐ",
 "堎": "lèng líng",
 "猤": "hú",
 "瓩": "qián wǎ",
 "礽": "réng",
 "膶": "rùn",
 "芿": "rèng",
 "蟘": "tè",
 "貣": "tè",
 "酿": "niàng niàn niáng",
 "醸": "niàng",
 "鋱": "tè",
 "铽": "tè"
}

{
 "㘄": "lēng",
 "䉄": "léng",
 "䬋": "léng",
 "䮚": "lèng",
 "䚏": "lèng,lì,lìn",
 "㭁": "réng",
 "䖆": "niàng"
}

var pinyin_dict_withtone = "yī,dīng zhēng,kǎo qiǎo yú,qī,shàng,xià,hǎn,wàn mò,zhàng,sān,shàng shǎng,xià,qí jī...";

/**
 * 获取汉字的拼音首字母
 * @param str 汉字字符串，如果遇到非汉字则原样返回
 * @param polyphone 是否支持多音字，默认false，如果为true，会返回所有可能的组合数组
 */
pinyinUtil.getFirstLetter(str, polyphone);
/**
 * 根据汉字获取拼音，如果不是汉字直接返回原字符
 * @param str 要转换的汉字
 * @param splitter 分隔字符，默认用空格分隔
 * @param withtone 返回结果是否包含声调，默认是
 * @param polyphone 是否支持多音字，默认否
*/
pinyinUtil.getPinyin(str, splitter, withtone, polyphone);
/**
 * 拼音转汉字，只支持单个汉字，返回所有匹配的汉字组合
 * @param pinyin 单个汉字的拼音，不能包含声调
 */
pinyinUtil.getHanzi(pinyin)；

<script type="text/javascript" src="pinyin_dict_firstletter.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="pinyinUtil.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript">
pinyinUtil.getFirstLetter('小茗同学'); // 输出 XMTX
pinyinUtil.getFirstLetter('大中国', true); // 输出 ['DZG', 'TZG']
</script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="pinyin_dict_noletter.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="pinyinUtil.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript">
pinyinUtil.getPinyin('小茗同学'); // 输出 'xiao ming tong xue'
pinyinUtil.getHanzi('ming'); // 输出 '明名命鸣铭冥茗溟酩瞑螟暝'
</script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="pinyin_dict_withletter.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="pinyinUtil.js"></script>

<script type="text/javascript">
pinyinUtil.getPinyin('小茗同学'); // 输出 'xiǎo míng tóng xué'
pinyinUtil.getPinyin('小茗同学', '-', true, true); // 输出 ['xiǎo-míng-tóng-xué', 'xiǎo-míng-tòng-xué']
</script>

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="simple-input-method/simple-input-method.css">
<input type="text" class="test-input-method"/>
<script type="text/javascript" src="pinyin_dict_noletter.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="pinyinUtil.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="simple-input-method/simple-input-method.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
 SimpleInputMethod.init('.test-input-method');
</script>