基于Python自制一个文件解压缩小工具
Sir 老王 人气:0经常在办公的过程中会遇到各种各样的压缩文件处理,但是呢每个压缩软件支持的格式又是不同的。
没有可以一种可以同时多种格式的并且免费的文件解压缩工具,于是我使用python的PyQt5开发出这个文件解压缩的小工具。
接下来,我们将开发过程中需要的python非标准库以及代码块做一个简单的介绍,有兴趣的小伙伴可以停下脚步一起来看看。
一般在windows的操作系统下文件解压缩的格式就是7z/zip/rar这三种,首先我们需要安装一下PyQt5以及需要文件解压缩处理的模块。
这里我们直接使用的是pip的安装方式进行安装,我的pip默认配置的是全局的清华大学镜像站。
pip install PyQt5 pip install py7zr pip install rarfile
然后,在开始之前我们将需要的python标准或非标准模块全部导入代码块中准备进入下面的开发环节。
# Importing all the classes from the PyQt5.QtGui module. from PyQt5.QtGui import * # Importing all the classes from the PyQt5.QtWidgets module. from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * # Importing all the classes from the PyQt5.QtCore module. from PyQt5.QtCore import * # `import os` is importing the os module. import os # `import sys` is importing the sys module. import sys # `import zipfile as zip` is importing the zipfile module as zip. import zipfile as zip # `import py7zr` is importing the py7zr module. import py7zr # `import rarfile as rar` is importing the rarfile module as rar. import rarfile as rar # Importing the traceback module. import traceback import images
至此,我们开发需要使用到的python模块就全部导入进来了,这里说明一下我们使用到的英文注释是通过pycharm的AI插件直接生成的。
首先,创建一个名称为CompressUI的python类,将所有的UI页面组件及布局全部放在这个类中进行开发。
以及包括UI页面组件关联的槽函数也放在这个类中,也就是在CompressUI类中我们只处理页面操作相关的部分不做具体逻辑的实现。
class CompressUI(QWidget): def __init__(self): super(CompressUI, self).__init__() self.init_ui() def init_ui(self): self.setWindowTitle('文件解压缩处理工具 公众号:Python 集中营') self.setWindowIcon(QIcon(':/analysis.ico')) self.resize(600, 400) self.compress_file_type = QLabel() self.compress_file_type.setText('解压缩文件类型:') self.compress_file_type_combox = QComboBox() self.compress_file_type_combox.addItems(['7z格式', 'zip格式', 'rar格式']) self.file_catch_type = QLabel() self.file_catch_type.setText('文件处理方式:') self.file_catch_type_combox = QComboBox() self.file_catch_type_combox.addItems(['压缩', '解压缩']) self.source_dir_or_file = QLineEdit() self.source_dir_or_file.setPlaceholderText('来源目录或文件路径...') self.source_dir_or_file_btn = QPushButton() self.source_dir_or_file_btn.setText('加载来源目录或文件') self.source_dir_or_file_btn.clicked.connect(self.source_dir_or_file_btn_clk) self.target_dir_or_file = QLineEdit() self.target_dir_or_file.setPlaceholderText('目标目录路径...') self.target_dir_or_file_btn = QPushButton() self.target_dir_or_file_btn.setText('选择目标路径') self.target_dir_or_file_btn.clicked.connect(self.target_dir_or_file_btn_clk) self.start_btn = QPushButton() self.start_btn.setText('开始执行文件压缩或解压缩处理') self.start_btn.clicked.connect(self.start_btn_clk) self.brower = QTextBrowser() self.brower.setReadOnly(True) self.brower.setFont(QFont('宋体', 8)) self.brower.setPlaceholderText('日志处理过程区域...') self.brower.ensureCursorVisible() grid = QGridLayout() grid.addWidget(self.compress_file_type, 0, 0, 1, 2) grid.addWidget(self.compress_file_type_combox, 0, 2, 1, 1) grid.addWidget(self.file_catch_type, 1, 0, 1, 2) grid.addWidget(self.file_catch_type_combox, 1, 2, 1, 1) grid.addWidget(self.source_dir_or_file, 2, 0, 1, 2) grid.addWidget(self.source_dir_or_file_btn, 2, 2, 1, 1) grid.addWidget(self.target_dir_or_file, 3, 0, 1, 2) grid.addWidget(self.target_dir_or_file_btn, 3, 2, 1, 1) grid.addWidget(self.start_btn, 4, 0, 1, 3) grid.addWidget(self.brower, 5, 0, 1, 3) self.thread_ = WorkThread(self) self.thread_.message.connect(self.show_message) self.thread_.finished.connect(self.thread_is_finished) self.setLayout(grid) def show_message(self, text): cursor = self.brower.textCursor() cursor.movePosition(QTextCursor.End) self.brower.append(text) self.brower.setTextCursor(cursor) self.brower.ensureCursorVisible() def target_dir_or_file_btn_clk(self): target_dir_or_file_path = QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self, '选择文件夹', os.getcwd()) self.target_dir_or_file.setText(target_dir_or_file_path) def source_dir_or_file_btn_clk(self): file_catch_type = self.file_catch_type_combox.currentText() if file_catch_type == '压缩': source_dir_or_file_path = QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self, '选择文件夹', os.getcwd()) self.source_dir_or_file.setText(source_dir_or_file_path) else: source_dir_or_file_path = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, "选取文件", os.getcwd(), "RAR File (*.rar);;ZIP File (*.zip);;7z File (*.7z)") self.source_dir_or_file.setText(source_dir_or_file_path[0]) def start_btn_clk(self): self.start_btn.setEnabled(False) self.thread_.start() def thread_is_finished(self, text): if text is True: self.start_btn.setEnabled(True)
以上就是整个UI页面组件/布局以及组件对应的槽函数的的开发过程了,有需要的小伙伴可以仔细研究一下。
接下来进入具体业务的开发环节,我们创建一个名称为WorkThread的python类,该类继承自QThread的子线程。
并且在子线程中可以接收主线程的变量参数,以及向主线程中传递信息的操作。将子线程执行的过程信息实时传递到主线程的文本浏览器中。
class WorkThread(QThread): message = pyqtSignal(str) finished = pyqtSignal(bool) def __init__(self, parent=None): super(WorkThread, self).__init__(parent) self.parent = parent self.working = True def __del__(self): self.working = False def run(self): try: compress_file_type = self.parent.compress_file_type_combox.currentText() file_catch_type = self.parent.file_catch_type_combox.currentText() source_dir_or_file = self.parent.source_dir_or_file.text().strip() target_dir_or_file = self.parent.target_dir_or_file.text().strip() if source_dir_or_file == '' or target_dir_or_file == '': self.message.emit('来源或目标文件路径为空,请检查参数设置!') return if file_catch_type == '压缩' and os.path.isfile(source_dir_or_file): self.message.emit('当处理类型为:压缩,来源类型应该选择文件夹,请按顺序设置参数!') return if file_catch_type == '解压缩' and os.path.isdir(source_dir_or_file): self.message.emit('当处理类型为:解压缩,来源类型应该选择文件,请按顺序设置参数!') return self.message.emit('准备处理的格式类星星为:{}'.format(compress_file_type)) self.message.emit('准备处理的处理类型为:{}'.format(file_catch_type)) self.message.emit('来源文件或目录的路径为:{}'.format(source_dir_or_file)) self.message.emit('目标目录的路径为:{}'.format(target_dir_or_file)) if compress_file_type == 'zip格式': if file_catch_type == '压缩': self.do_zip(source_dir_or_file, target_dir_or_file) else: self.un_zip(source_dir_or_file, target_dir_or_file) elif compress_file_type == 'rar格式': if file_catch_type == '压缩': self.message.emit('rar格式的文件压缩正在玩命开发中,请关注后续版本更新!') else: self.un_rar(source_dir_or_file, target_dir_or_file) elif compress_file_type == '7z格式': if file_catch_type == '压缩': self.do_7z(source_dir_or_file, target_dir_or_file) else: self.un_7z(source_dir_or_file, target_dir_or_file) self.message.emit('当前处理过程:{}完成!'.format(file_catch_type)) self.finished.emit(True) except: traceback.print_exc() self.finished.emit(True) def do_zip(self, source_, target_file): """ If the user selects the "压缩" option, then the user can select a directory, and the path of the directory will be displayed in the text box """ zip_file = zip.ZipFile(target_file, 'w') pre_len = len(os.path.dirname(source_)) for parent, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(source_): for filename in filenames: print(f'{filename}') path_file = os.path.join(parent, filename) arcname = path_file[pre_len:].strip(os.path.sep) zip_file.write(path_file, arcname) zip_file.close() def un_zip(self, source_file, target_): """ > Unzip a file to a target directory :param source_file: The file you want to unzip :param target_: the directory where you want to unzip the file """ zip_file = zip.ZipFile(source_file) if os.path.isdir(target_): pass else: os.mkdir(target_) for names in zip_file.namelist(): zip_file.extract(names, target_) zip_file.close() def do_7z(self, source_, target_file): """ > This function takes a source file and a target file and compresses the source file into the target file using 7z :param source_: The source file or directory to be compressed :param target_file: The name of the file to be created """ with py7zr.SevenZipFile(target_file, 'r') as file: file.extractall(path=source_) def un_7z(self, source_file, target_): """ It takes a source directory and a target file, and creates a zip file containing the contents of the source directory :param source_: The path to the folder you want to zip :param target_file: The path to the zip file you want to create """ with py7zr.SevenZipFile(source_file, 'w') as file: file.writeall(target_) def un_rar(self, source_file, target_): """ It takes a source file and a target directory and unzips the source file into the target directory :param source_file: The path to the RAR file you want to extract :param target_: The directory where you want the files to be extracted to """ obj_ = rar.RarFile(source_file.decode('utf-8')) obj_.extractall(target_.decode('utf-8'))
最后,使用python模块的主函数main,将整个应用加入到主体循环过程中就可以启动整个桌面应用了。
if __name__ == '__main__': app = QApplication(sys.argv) main = CompressUI() main.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())
完成上述的开发工作之后,我们可以选择使用常用的pyinstaller打包模块对整个应用进行打包操作,打包细节可以参考我的历史文章中的说明!
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