Spring Native打包本地镜像的操作方法(无需通过Graal的maven插件buildtools)
南瓜慢说 人气:0简介
在文章《GraalVM和Spring Native尝鲜,一步步让Springboot启动飞起来,66ms完成启动》中,我们介绍了如何使用Spring Native和buildtools插件,打包出本地镜像,也打包成Docker镜像。本文探索一下,如果不通过这个插件来生成镜像。这样我们可以控制更多、了解更多。
创建Spring Boot项目
创建Spring Boot项目,引入Spring Native,我们主要使用的是Spring Native提供的AOT功能。如下:
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.experimental</groupId> <artifactId>spring-native</artifactId> <version>${spring-native.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.experimental</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>${spring-native.version}</version> <executions> <execution> <id>test-generate</id> <goals> <goal>test-generate</goal> </goals> </execution> <execution> <id>generate</id> <goals> <goal>generate</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> </plugins> </build>
Build image的时候,我们需要引用依赖库,所以加上下面的插件:
<plugin> <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId> <executions> <execution> <phase>package</phase> <goals> <goal>copy-dependencies</goal> </goals> <configuration> <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory> </configuration> </execution> </executions> </plugin>
接着先编译出Java class,命令如下:
$ mvn clean package
打包本地镜像
前面的命令打包完,在target目录下会有一个lib目录,我们需要用上。通过native-image
命令来生成镜像,如下:
$ native-image -cp ./target/classes/:target/lib/* com.pkslow.springboot.SpringbootGraalVMNativeMain Pkslow.SpringbootGraalVMNativeMain
这样就会生成一个可执行文件:Pkslow.SpringbootGraalVMNativeMain
执行如下:
$ ./Pkslow.SpringbootGraalVMNativeMain
使用了93ms来启动,还是很快的。
访问服务是正常的:
$ curl -i http://localhost:8080/hi-graalvm HTTP/1.1 200 Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8 Content-Length: 67 Date: Wed, 02 Nov 2022 15:08:44 GMT This message is from Spring Boot built/run by GraalVM/Spring Native
创建Docker镜像
先拉取基础镜像:
$ docker pull springci/graalvm-ce:java11-0.12.x
进入容器看一下里面的状况:
$ docker run -it --rm --entrypoint bash springci/graalvm-ce:java11-0.12.x root@d9b54bdce70a:/# pwd / root@d9b54bdce70a:/# java --version openjdk 11.0.15 2022-04-19 OpenJDK Runtime Environment GraalVM 22.1.1.0-dev (build 11.0.15+10-jvmci-22.1-b06) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM GraalVM 22.1.1.0-dev (build 11.0.15+10-jvmci-22.1-b06, mixed mode, sharing) root@d9b54bdce70a:/# which java /opt/java/bin/java root@d9b54bdce70a:/# which native-image /opt/java/bin/native-image
准备一下Dockerfile如下:
FROM springci/graalvm-ce:java11-0.12.x VOLUME /tmp ARG PORT=8080 ARG TIME_ZONE=Asia/Shanghai ENV TZ=${TIME_ZONE} EXPOSE ${PORT} RUN pwd RUN mkdir /pkslow-application WORKDIR /pkslow-application/ RUN cd /pkslow-application COPY target/classes/ /pkslow-application/classes/ COPY target/lib/ /pkslow-application/lib/ RUN native-image -cp /pkslow-application/classes/:/pkslow-application/lib/* \ com.pkslow.springboot.SpringbootGraalVMNativeMain \ Pkslow.SpringbootGraalVMNativeMain ENTRYPOINT ["/pkslow-application/Pkslow.SpringbootGraalVMNativeMain"]
打包Docker镜像:
$ docker build . -t pkslow/spring-boot-native-without-buildtools:1.0-SNAPSHOT -f src/main/dker/Dockerfile
完成后通过下面命令启动,57ms完成启动:
$ docker run -it -p 8080:8080 --rm pkslow/spring-boot-native-without-buildtools:0-SNAPSHOT 2022-11-02 23:48:40.918 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.s.nativex.NativeListener : AOT mode enabled . ____ _ __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \ \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ :: Spring Boot :: (v2.6.2) 2022-11-02 23:48:40.920 INFO 1 --- [ main] c.p.s.SpringbootGraalVMNativeMain : Starting SpringbootGraalVMNativeMain using Java 11.0.15 on 12528bd45fd7 with PID 1 (/pkslow-application/Pkslow.SpringbootGraalVMNativeMain started by root in /pkslow-application) 2022-11-02 23:48:40.920 INFO 1 --- [ main] c.p.s.SpringbootGraalVMNativeMain : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default 2022-11-02 23:48:40.934 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http) 2022-11-02 23:48:40.935 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service [Tomcat] 2022-11-02 23:48:40.935 INFO 1 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.56] 2022-11-02 23:48:40.940 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext 2022-11-02 23:48:40.940 INFO 1 --- [ main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 19 ms 2022-11-02 23:48:40.963 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path '' 2022-11-02 23:48:40.964 INFO 1 --- [ main] c.p.s.SpringbootGraalVMNativeMain : Started SpringbootGraalVMNativeMain in 0.057 seconds (JVM running for 0.061) 2022-11-02 23:48:57.098 INFO 1 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet' 2022-11-02 23:48:57.098 INFO 1 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet' 2022-11-02 23:48:57.098 INFO 1 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Completed initialization in 0 ms
测试正常启动:
$ curl -i http://127.0.0.1:8080/hi-graalvm HTTP/1.1 200 Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8 Content-Length: 67 Date: Wed, 02 Nov 2022 15:49:05 GMT This message is from Spring Boot built/run by GraalVM/Spring Native
为了集成打包镜像到CI/CD中,在pom添加以下插件:
<plugin> <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId> <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.0</version> <executions> <execution> <phase>install</phase> <goals> <goal>exec</goal> </goals> <configuration> <skip>${docker.skip}</skip> <executable>docker</executable> <arguments> <argument>build</argument> <argument>.</argument> <argument>-t</argument> <argument>pkslow/${project.artifactId}:${project.version}</argument> <argument>-f</argument> <argument>src/main/docker/Dockerfile</argument> </arguments> </configuration> </execution> </executions> </plugin>
通过以下命令即可生成Docker镜像:
$ mvn clean install -Ddocker.skip=false
代码
代码请看GitHub: https://github.com/LarryDpk/pkslow-samples
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