Android对话框使用
明昕1024 人气:0对话框(Dialog)是Android系统在Activity或者其他组件运行过程中提供的一种提示机制。它可以帮助应用完成一些必要的提示功能,同时提供一些与用户交互的功能。
对话框分为很多种,下面将一一介绍。
1.提示对话框
Android系统提供的对话框父类为Dialog, 里面并没有实现对话框的具体类型,比如单选、多选、列表等对话框,仅提供一个框架和规范。系统为开发者提供了一个 多功能的对话框类AlertDialog, 里面封装了各种对话框的样式,开发者只须提供相应的显示数据和按键的响应监听就可以。
提示对话框所使用的就是系统封装好的对话框AlertDialog的实例对象。AlertDialog并不提供对外的构造方法,即不能直接通过AlertDialog的构造函数来生产一个AlertDialog。因为AlertDialog所有的构造方法都是protected的。所以为了获取AlertDialog对象,系统提供了一个静态内部类Builder让我们使用,通过Builder可以创建AlertDialog对象。
(1)创建AlertDialog.Builder实例对象。
(2)通过Builder对象设置对话框的属性。
- setTitle()设置标题
- setIcon ()设置图标
- setMessage ()设置要显示的内容
- setItems设置在对话框中显示的项目列表
- setView设置自定义的对话框样式
- setPositiveButton ()设置确定按钮
- setNegativeButton ()设置取消按钮
- setNeutralButton ()设置中立按钮
- setSingleChoiceItems单选框
- setMultiChoiceItems复选框
(3)调用Builder对象的create()方法创建AlertDialog对话框
(4)调用AlertDialog的show()方法来显示对话框
(5)调用AlertDialog的dimiss()方法销毁对话框。
package com.example.learndialog; import android.content.DialogInterface; import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); Button bt= (Button) findViewById(R.id.button); bt.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { AlertDialog aldg; AlertDialog.Builder adBd=new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this); adBd.setTitle("我的提示框"); adBd.setIcon(R.drawable.p1); adBd.setMessage("确定要关闭本应用程序吗?"); adBd.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { finish(); } }); adBd.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { } }); aldg=adBd.create(); aldg.show(); } }); } }
运行结果:
2.单选对话框
单选对话框中的0代表默认选中第一个。
package com.example.learndialog; import android.content.DialogInterface; import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { int picWhich; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); Button bt = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button); bt.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { final String[] starr = new String[]{"教师", "经理", "律师", "公务员"}; AlertDialog adlg; adlg = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this).setTitle("选择职业:") .setSingleChoiceItems(starr, 0, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { picWhich = which; } }) .setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "你选定的职业是:" + starr[picWhich], Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } }) .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { } }) .create(); adlg.show(); } }); } }
运行结果:
3.复选对话框
复选对话框和单选对话框用法相似。
package com.example.learndialog; import android.content.DialogInterface; import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { int picWhich; boolean chk[]=new boolean[]{false,false,false,false}; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); Button bt = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button); bt.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { final String[] starr = new String[]{"教师", "经理", "律师", "公务员"}; AlertDialog adlg; adlg = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this).setTitle("选择职业:") .setMultiChoiceItems(starr, chk, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) { chk[which]=isChecked; } }) .setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { String st=" "; for (int i=0;i<chk.length;i++) if (chk[i]) st=st+starr[i]+" "; Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"选定的职业有:"+st,Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } }) .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { } }) .create(); adlg.show(); } }); } }
运行结果:
4.列表对话框
列表对话框和单选对话框用法相似。
package com.example.learndialog; import android.content.DialogInterface; import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); Button bt = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button); bt.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { final String[] starr = new String[]{"教师", "经理", "律师", "公务员"}; AlertDialog adlg; adlg=new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this).setTitle("列表对话框") .setItems(starr, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { } }) .create(); adlg.show(); } }); } }
运行结果:
5.进度条对话框
ProgressDialog 也是继承于Dialog,但其扩展了缓冲加载提示的功能,为人机之间提供了良好的交互体验。
package com.example.learndialog; import android.app.ProgressDialog; import android.content.DialogInterface; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); } public void progress_circle(View v){ final ProgressDialog prdg1=new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this); prdg1.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_SPINNER); prdg1.setTitle("圆形进度条对话框"); prdg1.setMessage("正在下载"); prdg1.setMax(100); prdg1.show(); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { Thread.sleep(5000); prdg1.cancel(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }).start(); } public void progress_horizontal(View v){ final ProgressDialog prdg2 = new ProgressDialog(this); prdg2.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL); prdg2.setCancelable(true); prdg2.setTitle("水平进度条对话框"); prdg2.setMax(100); prdg2.setButton(DialogInterface.BUTTON_POSITIVE, "确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { } }); prdg2.setButton(DialogInterface.BUTTON_NEGATIVE, "取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { } }); prdg2.setMessage("正在下载"); prdg2.show(); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { int i = 0; while (i < 100) { try { Thread.sleep(100); prdg2.incrementProgressBy(1); i++; } catch (Exception e) { } } prdg2.dismiss(); } }).start(); } }
运行结果:
6.拖动对话框
package com.example.learndialog; import android.app.Dialog; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.SeekBar; import android.widget.TextView; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); } public void SeekOnClick(View v){ Dialog myDlg=new Dialog(MainActivity.this); myDlg.setTitle("拖动对话框:亮度调节"); myDlg.setContentView(R.layout.seekbardlg); SeekBar sb=(SeekBar)myDlg.findViewById(R.id.seekBar); final TextView tv=(TextView)myDlg.findViewById(R.id.textView); sb.setMax(100); sb.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(new SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener() { @Override public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromUser) { tv.setText("当前亮度为:"+progress); } @Override public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) { } @Override public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) { } }); myDlg.show(); } }
运行结果:
7.日期选择对话框
package com.example.datepickerdialog; import android.app.DatePickerDialog; import android.icu.util.Calendar; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.DatePicker; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); Calendar c=Calendar.getInstance(); DatePickerDialog dpd=new DatePickerDialog(MainActivity.this, new DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener() { @Override public void onDateSet(DatePicker view, int year, int month, int day) { String st; st = String.valueOf(year) + "-" + String.valueOf(month) + "-" + String.valueOf(day); Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), st, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } },c.get(Calendar.YEAR),c.get(Calendar.MONTH),c.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH)); dpd.show(); } }
运行结果:
8.时间选择对话框
package com.example.datepickerdialog; import android.app.DatePickerDialog; import android.app.TimePickerDialog; import android.icu.util.Calendar; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.DatePicker; import android.widget.TimePicker; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); Calendar calendar=Calendar.getInstance(); new TimePickerDialog(this, new TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener() { @Override public void onTimeSet(TimePicker view, int hourOfDay, int minute) { } }, calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY), calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE), true ).show(); } }
运行结果:
加载全部内容