Spring Bean属性填充
码农参上 人气:0前言
在上一篇文章中,我们分析了Spring中Bean的实例化过程,在结尾我们知道了虽然bean的实例化完成了,但是其中的属性还没有被注入,今天我们就接着来分析属性是如何被注入的。
属性填充
实例化完成后,回到上面第3条的doCreateBean
方法中,看一下用BeanWrapper
产生的原生对象,里面dao
这个属性还是null
值。
回归一下之前的代码,接下来要调用populateBean
方法进行属性的填充:
Object exposedObject = bean; try { populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper); exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd); }
看一下populateBean
中的核心代码:
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) { if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) { InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp; pvs = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName); if (pvs == null) { return; } } }
这里通过getBeanPostProcessors
方法获得当前注册的所有后置处理器,如果属于InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor
类型,则调用它的postProcessPropertyValues
方法。通过遍历,可以知道当前spring中存在7个后置处理器:
我们主要来看一下AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
,因为它负责对添加了 @Autowired
、@Value
等注解的属性进行依赖的填充。进入它的postProcessPropertyValues
方法:
public PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues( PropertyValues pvs, PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName) throws BeanCreationException { InjectionMetadata metadata = findAutowiringMetadata(beanName, bean.getClass(), pvs); try { metadata.inject(bean, beanName, pvs); } //异常处理代码省略... return pvs; }
这里的InjectionMetadata
可以理解为要注入的属性的元数据,在它里面维护了一个Collection
,来存放所有需要注入的bean:
private final Collection<InjectedElement> injectedElements;
进入findAutowiringMetadata
方法:
private InjectionMetadata findAutowiringMetadata(String beanName, Class<?> clazz, @Nullable PropertyValues pvs) { String cacheKey = (StringUtils.hasLength(beanName) ? beanName : clazz.getName()); InjectionMetadata metadata = this.injectionMetadataCache.get(cacheKey); //省略非重要代码... return metadata; }
在执行完这一步后,就把需要填充的属性放进了刚才提到的injectedElements
中:
接下来,继续执行InjectionMetadata
的inject
方法,在其中遍历所有需要注入的属性的列表,遍历调用AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor的inject
方法:
protected void inject(Object bean, @Nullable String beanName, @Nullable PropertyValues pvs) throws Throwable { Field field = (Field) this.member; Object value; if (this.cached) { value = resolvedCachedArgument(beanName, this.cachedFieldValue); } else { DependencyDescriptor desc = new DependencyDescriptor(field, this.required); desc.setContainingClass(bean.getClass()); Set<String> autowiredBeanNames = new LinkedHashSet<>(1); Assert.state(beanFactory != null, "No BeanFactory available"); TypeConverter typeConverter = beanFactory.getTypeConverter(); try {//用beanFactory解决依赖 value = beanFactory.resolveDependency(desc, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter); } //后面代码省略...
这里创建了一个DependencyDescriptor
,用来维护注入属性与它的容器类containingClass
的关系,里面最重要的就是存放了注入属性的类型、名称,以及containingClass
的类型等信息。
调用resolveDependency
方法,其中没有做什么实质性的工作,继续调用了doResolveDependency
方法:
public Object doResolveDependency(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, @Nullable String beanName, @Nullable Set<String> autowiredBeanNames, @Nullable TypeConverter typeConverter) throws BeansException { InjectionPoint previousInjectionPoint = ConstructorResolver.setCurrentInjectionPoint(descriptor); try { Object shortcut = descriptor.resolveShortcut(this); if (shortcut != null) { return shortcut; } //依赖的属性值的类型 Class<?> type = descriptor.getDependencyType(); Object value = getAutowireCandidateResolver().getSuggestedValue(descriptor); if (value != null) { if (value instanceof String) { String strVal = resolveEmbeddedValue((String) value); BeanDefinition bd = (beanName != null && containsBean(beanName) ? getMergedBeanDefinition(beanName) : null); value = evaluateBeanDefinitionString(strVal, bd); } TypeConverter converter = (typeConverter != null ? typeConverter : getTypeConverter()); return (descriptor.getField() != null ? converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getField()) : converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getMethodParameter())); } Object multipleBeans = resolveMultipleBeans(descriptor, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter); if (multipleBeans != null) { return multipleBeans; } //把匹配的值和类型拿出来,放到一个map中 Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, type, descriptor); if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) { if (isRequired(descriptor)) { raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(type, descriptor.getResolvableType(), descriptor); } return null; } String autowiredBeanName; Object instanceCandidate; //如果有超过一个匹配的,可能会有错误 if (matchingBeans.size() > 1) { autowiredBeanName = determineAutowireCandidate(matchingBeans, descriptor); if (autowiredBeanName == null) { if (isRequired(descriptor) || !indicatesMultipleBeans(type)) { return descriptor.resolveNotUnique(type, matchingBeans); } else { return null; } } instanceCandidate = matchingBeans.get(autowiredBeanName); } else { Map.Entry<String, Object> entry = matchingBeans.entrySet().iterator().next(); autowiredBeanName = entry.getKey(); instanceCandidate = entry.getValue(); } if (autowiredBeanNames != null) { //把找到的bean的名字放到set中 autowiredBeanNames.add(autowiredBeanName); } if (instanceCandidate instanceof Class) { // 实际获取注入的bean instanceCandidate = descriptor.resolveCandidate(autowiredBeanName, type, this); } Object result = instanceCandidate; if (result instanceof NullBean) { if (isRequired(descriptor)) { raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(type, descriptor.getResolvableType(), descriptor); } result = null; } if (!ClassUtils.isAssignableValue(type, result)) { throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(autowiredBeanName, type, instanceCandidate.getClass()); } return result; } finally { ConstructorResolver.setCurrentInjectionPoint(previousInjectionPoint); } }
通过findAutowireCandidates
方法,获取与注入属性匹配的值和类型,放到一个Map当中,再通过它的beanName
,调用resolveCandidate
方法,实际获取注入的bean实例。这一操作底层调用的也是BeanFactory的getBean
方法。
回到inject
方法,使用反射将注入的bean实例赋值给属性:
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(field); field.set(bean, value);
在执行完populateBean
方法后,依赖的属性已经被注入成功了。
执行回调方法及后置处理器
在bean实例化完成后,执行各种回调和后置管理器方法:
protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) { if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) { AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> { invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean); return null; }, getAccessControlContext()); } else { //若bean实现了BeanNameAware、BeanClassLoaderAware、BeanFactoryAware接口,执行回调方法 invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean); } Object wrappedBean = bean; if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) { //执行所有后置处理器的before方法 wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName); } try { //执行bean生命周期回调中的init-method //若bean实现了InitializingBean接口,执行afterPropertiesSet方法 invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd); } catch (Throwable ex) { throw new BeanCreationException( (mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null), beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex); } if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) { //执行所有后置处理器的after方法 wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName); } return wrappedBean; }
具体执行内容:
- 1、若bean实现了
BeanNameAware
、BeanClassLoaderAware
、BeanFactoryAware
接口,执行回调方法 - 2、执行所有后置处理器的
postProcessBeforeInitialization
方法 - 3、执行bean生命周期回调中的
init-method
,若bean实现了InitializingBean
接口,执行afterPropertiesSet
方法 - 4、执行所有后置处理器的
postProcessAfterInitialization
方法
在这一步完成后,bean的实例化过程全部结束。最后执行一下refresh
方法中的finishRefresh
方法,进行广播事件等操作。到这,一个完整的AnnotationConfigApplicationContext
初始化就完成了。
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