C#汉字转拼音
Dwaynerbing 人气:0一、使用PinYinConverterCore获取汉语拼音
最新在做一个搜索组件,需要使用汉语拼音的首字母查询出符合条件的物品名称,由于汉字存在多音字,所以自己写查询组件不太现实,因此,我们使用微软提供的CHSPinYinConv
,CHSPinYinConv
在.net core下载安装没有问题,但在.net framework会由于兼容性会安装失败,因此使用了PinYinConverterCore
来实现汉字转拼音,PinYinConverterCore
应该也是基于CHSPinYinConv
开发的兼容包,后续的代码两个安装包环境下都可以使用。使用Nuget
搜索PinYinConverterCore
下载并安装,具体如下:
二、编写工具扩展类实现获取汉字的拼音
由于汉字存在多音字,因此,通过汉字获取到的拼音是一个数组,具体如下:
/// <summary> /// 汉字转换拼音 /// </summary> public static class PingYinUtil { private static Dictionary<int, List<string>> GetTotalPingYinDictionary(string text) { var chs = text.ToCharArray(); //记录每个汉字的全拼 Dictionary<int, List<string>> totalPingYinList = new Dictionary<int, List<string>>(); for (int i = 0; i < chs.Length; i++) { var pinyinList = new List<string>(); //是否是有效的汉字 if (ChineseChar.IsValidChar(chs[i])) { ChineseChar cc = new ChineseChar(chs[i]); pinyinList = cc.Pinyins.Where(p => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(p)).ToList(); } else { pinyinList.Add(chs[i].ToString()); } //去除声调,转小写 pinyinList = pinyinList.ConvertAll(p => Regex.Replace(p, @"\d", "").ToLower()); //去重 pinyinList = pinyinList.Where(p => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(p)).Distinct().ToList(); if (pinyinList.Any()) { totalPingYinList[i] = pinyinList; } } return totalPingYinList; } /// <summary> /// 获取汉语拼音全拼 /// </summary> /// <param name="text">The string.</param> /// <returns></returns> public static List<string> GetTotalPingYin(this string text) { var result = new List<string>(); foreach (var pys in GetTotalPingYinDictionary(text)) { var items = pys.Value; if (result.Count <= 0) { result = items; } else { //全拼循环匹配 var newTotalPingYinList = new List<string>(); foreach (var totalPingYin in result) { newTotalPingYinList.AddRange(items.Select(item => totalPingYin + item)); } newTotalPingYinList = newTotalPingYinList.Distinct().ToList(); result = newTotalPingYinList; } } return result; } /// <summary> /// 获取汉语拼音首字母 /// </summary> /// <param name="text"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static List<string> GetFirstPingYin(this string text) { var result = new List<string>(); foreach (var pys in GetTotalPingYinDictionary(text)) { var items = pys.Value; if (result.Count <= 0) { result = items.ConvertAll(p => p.Substring(0, 1)).Distinct().ToList(); } else { //首字母循环匹配 var newFirstPingYinList = new List<string>(); foreach (var firstPingYin in result) { newFirstPingYinList.AddRange(items.Select(item => firstPingYin + item.Substring(0, 1))); } newFirstPingYinList = newFirstPingYinList.Distinct().ToList(); result = newFirstPingYinList; } } return result; } }
三、编写测试用例
我们编写一个测试用例,通过输入的汉字获取到汉语拼音的全拼和首字母缩写,具体如下:
// 汉字输入 string text = TextBoxInput.Text; // 获取到汉语拼音的全拼 TextBoxTotal.Text = string.Join(",", text.GetTotalPingYin()); // 获取到汉语拼音的首字母 TextBoxFirst.Text = string.Join(",", text.GetFirstPingYin());
我们编写录入一组用户名,然后根据输入输入的用户名的缩写,筛选出符合条件的人,我们可以使用Linq
模糊查询,具体如下:
public class Student { public string Name { get; set; } public List<string> Pinyin { get; set; } }
StudentList = new List<Student> { new Student() {Name = "张三"}, new Student() {Name = "章黎"}, new Student() {Name = "张三丰"}, new Student() {Name = "李四"}, new Student() {Name = "王五"}, new Student() {Name = "John"}, new Student() {Name = "W.吴"}, new Student() {Name = "阿姨"}, new Student() {Name = "阿胶"}, new Student() {Name = "麦合苏提.麦合苏提"} };
var text = TextBoxSearch.Text; foreach (var student in StudentList) { student.Pinyin = student.Name.GetFirstPingYin(); } StudentList = StudentList.Where(s => s.Pinyin.Exists(p=>p.Contains(text))).ToList();
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