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VScode LaTeX编辑器 详解VScode 配置为 LaTeX 编辑器(IDE)

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VScode 配置为 LaTeX IDE

在Windows中,配置VScode作为LaTeX的编辑器(IDE),并使用SumatraPDF预览PDF文件。主要是LaTeX Workshop扩展的设置,如果要使用外部的PDF阅读器,则还需要设置SumatraPDF。

安装扩展

ctrl+shift+x调出应用商店,搜索并安装LaTeX Workshop扩展:

配置LaTeX Workshop

LaTeX文件.tex的编译、预览、辅助文件的清理等都在扩展latex workshop中设置。

LaTeX Workshop中,编译LaTeX文件时顺序执行的一系列/组命令称为LaTeX食谱(recipes),定义在latex-workshop.latex.recipes。缺省情况,LaTeX Workshop包含2个基本的食谱,分别由latex-workshop.latex.recipes和latex-workshop.latex.Tools定义。第一个食谱的tools域中的工具定义在第二个食谱。latex workshop的参数含义见LaTeX Workshop的配置文件"package.json"或https://github.com/James-Yu/LaTeX-Workshop/wiki/Compile了解配置情况。

LaTeX Workshop默认的编译方式为latexmk和pdflatex。如下配置修改了latex workshop的编译方式、预览、辅助文件等。特别添加了xelatex及包含bib时的编译。

ctrl+shift+p ->settings->首选项:打开用户设置(Json),在settings.json中添加如下内容:

"latex-workshop.showContextMenu":true,        //右键菜单
"latex-workshop.intellisense.package.enabled": true, //根据加载的包,自动完成命令或包 
"latex-workshop.latex.autoBuild.run": "never",    //禁止保存文件时自动build 
"latex-workshop.latex.recipes": [ 
 { 
  "name": "latexmk", 
  "tools": [ 
   "latexmk" 
  ] 
 }, 
 { 
  "name": "PDFlatex", 
  "tools": [ 
   "pdflatex" 
  ] 
 }, 
 { 
  "name": "pdflatex ->žž bibtex ->žž pdflatex2", 
  "tools": [ 
   "pdflatex", 
   "bibtex", 
   "pdflatex", 
   "pdflatex" 
  ] 
 }, 
 { 
  "name": "xelatex", 
  "tools": [ 
   "xelatex" 
  ] 
 }, 
 { 
  "name": "xelatex -> bibtex -> xelatex", 
  "tools": [ 
   "xelatex", 
   "bibtex", 
   "xelatex", 
  ] 
 } 
], 
"latex-workshop.latex.tools":[ 
 { 
  "name": "latexmk", 
  "command": "latexmk", 
  "args": [ 
   "-synctex=1", 
   "-interaction=nonstopmode", 
   "-file-line-error", 
   "-pdf", 
   "-outdir=%OUTDIR%", 
   "%DOC%" 
  ], 
  "env": {} 
  }, 
  { 
  "name": "pdflatex", 
  "command": "pdflatex", 
  "args": [ 
   "-synctex=1", 
   "-interaction=nonstopmode", 
   "-file-line-error", 
   "%DOC%" 
  ], 
  "env": {} 
  }, 
  { 
  "name": "xelatex", 
  "command": "xelatex", 
  "args": [ 
   "-synctex=1", 
   "-interaction=nonstopmode", 
   "-file-line-error", 
   "%DOC%" 
  ], 
  "env": {} 
  }, 
  { 
  "name": "bibtex", 
  "command": "bibtex", 
  "args": [ 
   "%DOCFILE%" 
  ], 
  "env": {} 
  } 
], 
"latex-workshop.latex.clean.fileTypes": [ //设定清理文件的类型 
 "*.aux", 
 "*.bbl", 
 "*.blg", 
 "*.idx", 
 "*.ind", 
 "*.lof", 
 "*.lot", 
 "*.out", 
 "*.toc", 
 "*.acn", 
 "*.acr", 
 "*.alg", 
 "*.glg", 
 "*.glo", 
 "*.gls", 
 "*.ist", 
 "*.fls", 
 "*.log", 
 "*.fdb_latexmk", 
 "*.nav", 
 "*.snm", 
 "*.synctex.gz" 
], 
"latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer":"tab",  //pdf文件的预览方式

快捷键

打开键盘快捷方式面板(左下侧齿轮,或快捷键ctrl+k,ctrl+s):

其他常用的快捷键:

一些快捷处理

根据latex-workshop.latex.recipes中的name段设定,可在.tex文件首行指定编译方式。如%!TEX program = xelatex表示用xelatex编译文件,而%!TEX program = PDFlatex表示用latexpdf编译文件。多个文件情况,还可以用% !TEX root指定主文件,% !TEX bib指定bib的编译方式。

示例

%! TeX program = pdflatex
\documentclass{article}

\begin{document}
  press ctrl+b to complie,press ctrl+alt+v to view pdf
\end{document}

设置LaTeX文件和PDF文件之间的正/反向搜索

正向搜索是指按某种方式操作源文件中的部分,会在PDF文件中立即到达对应的部分。反向搜索就是在PDF文档的正文中某个位置点击,光标会定位到源文件的相应位置。正反向搜索十分方便文档错误的修改。反向搜索需要用到SumatraPDF软件(或Zathura)。

SumatraPDF软件是一款小巧强悍的PDF阅读器,是免费开源软件。国内有多个PDF阅读器基于SumatraPDF修改而来。

SumatraPDF官方下载地址:https://www.sumatrapdfreader.org/download-free-pdf-viewer.html

根据自己电脑操作系统,选择相应的软件下载并安装。

下面操作的一些说明:

我的VScode文件位置:VScode.exe在D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode文件夹

扩展安装在D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/。即将默认的%USERPROFILE%\.vscode和%APPDATA%\Code转移到了D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode文件夹中,然后建立了联接:

将SumatraPDF.exe复制到D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/,后面的设置只是针对这个位置的SumatraPDF.exe,设置不会影响其他位置的SumatraPDF.exe。因为我有时会使用Sumblime Text3,默认的SumatraPDF.exe已经对其设置。

使用下面的设置,需要修改其中的VScode.exe、cli.js、SumatraPDF.exe这三个文件的路径为自己电脑对应的路径。
步骤如下:

打开设置文件settings.json,添加如下设置(注意查找重复的配置项,如前面的配置中最后一行有latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer,用下面的替换):

// 设置预览方式
"latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer":"external",
"latex-workshop.view.pdf.ref.viewer":"external",
// 设置外部PDF预览器
"latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.viewer.command": "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/SumatraPDF.exe",
"latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.viewer.args": [
  "%PDF%"
],
// 配置Syntex的正向搜索(这是官网的)
"latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.synctex.command": "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/SumatraPDF.exe",
"latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.synctex.args": [
  "-forward-search",
  "%TEX%",
  "%LINE%",
  "-reuse-instance",
  "-inverse-search",
  "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/Code.exe D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/resources/app/out/cli.js -r -g %f:%l",
  "%PDF%"
],

配置反向搜索(PDF->Latex源文件)

反向搜索在SumatraPDF中设置。打开SumatraPDF,进入设置->选项 对话框,在“设置反向搜索命令行”处填入如下内容(是一行内容,不是2行!):

"D:\ProgramFiles\Coding\VSCode\Code.exe"

"D:\ProgramFiles\Coding\VSCode\resources\app\out\cli.js" -r -g "%f:%l"

双击PDF中的任意一处即可跳转到VSCode中所对应的内容的源代码处

反向搜索的使用:打开一个已经编译的TeX文件,ctrl+alt+v打开PDF文件。在PDF文件中的某行文字处,双击鼠标左键,会切换到了源文件的相应位置。如果点击的是公式、图等,可能不会正确返回。

正向搜索的使用:将光标移动到TeX文件的正文。ctrl+alt+x,找到"navigator,select and edit",点击第一项"syncTeX from cursor"(或右键选择,或快捷键ctrl+alt+j ),会切换到PDF文件的相应位置。

如果不成功,检查路径设置,或者文件名错误。正反向搜索用到了.synctex.gz文件,不能删除。

参考文章

Viewing & Synctex

使用VSCode编写LaTeX

最后的设置(sumatraPDF预览+正反搜索)

  "latex-workshop.showContextMenu":true,
  "latex-workshop.intellisense.package.enabled": true, //根据加载的包,自动完成命令或包
  "latex-workshop.latex.autoBuild.run": "never",    //禁止保存文件时自动build
  "latex-workshop.latex.recipes": [
   {
    "name": "latexmk",
    "tools": [
     "latexmk"
    ]
   },
   {
    "name": "PDFlatex",
    "tools": [
     "pdflatex"
    ]
   },
   {
    "name": "pdflatex ->žž bibtex ->žž pdflatex2",
    "tools": [
     "pdflatex",
     "bibtex",
     "pdflatex",
     "pdflatex"
    ]
   },
   {
    "name": "xelatex",
    "tools": [
     "xelatex"
    ]
   },
   {
    "name": "xelatex -> bibtex -> xelatex*2",
    "tools": [
     "xelatex",
     "bibtex",
     "xelatex",
     "xelatex"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "latex-workshop.latex.tools":[
   {
    "name": "latexmk",
    "command": "latexmk",
    "args": [
     "-synctex=1",
     "-interaction=nonstopmode",
     "-file-line-error",
     "-pdf",
     "-outdir=%OUTDIR%",
     "%DOC%"
    ],
    "env": {}
    },
    {
    "name": "pdflatex",
    "command": "pdflatex",
    "args": [
     "-synctex=1",
     "-interaction=nonstopmode",
     "-file-line-error",
     "%DOC%"
    ],
    "env": {}
    },
    {
    "name": "xelatex",
    "command": "xelatex",
    "args": [
     "-synctex=1",
     "-interaction=nonstopmode",
     "-file-line-error",
     "%DOC%"
    ],
    "env": {}
    },
    {
    "name": "bibtex",
    "command": "bibtex",
    "args": [
     "%DOCFILE%"
    ],
    "env": {}
    }
  ],
  //"latex-workshop.latex.autoClean.run": "onBuilt",
  "latex-workshop.latex.clean.fileTypes": [
   "*.aux",
   "*.bbl",
   "*.blg",
   "*.idx",
   "*.ind",
   "*.lof",
   "*.lot",
   "*.out",
   "*.toc",
   "*.acn",
   "*.acr",
   "*.alg",
   "*.glg",
   "*.glo",
   "*.gls",
   "*.ist",
   "*.fls",
   "*.log",
   "*.fdb_latexmk",
   "*.nav",
   "*.snm",
   "*.synctex.gz",
   "*.bcf",
   "*.run.xml"
  ],
  "latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer":"external",
  "latex-workshop.view.pdf.ref.viewer":"external",
  // 设置外部PDF预览器
  "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.viewer.command": "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/SumatraPDF.exe",
  "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.viewer.args": [
    "%PDF%"
  ],
  // 配置Syntex的正向搜索(Latex->PDF)
  "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.synctex.command": "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/SumatraPDF.exe",
  "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.synctex.args": [
   "-forward-search",
   "%TEX%",
   "%LINE%",
   "-reuse-instance",
   "-inverse-search",
   "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/code D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/resources/app/out/cli.js -r -g %f:%l",
   "%PDF%"
  ],

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