VScode LaTeX编辑器 详解VScode 配置为 LaTeX 编辑器(IDE)
hzworld 人气:0VScode 配置为 LaTeX IDE
在Windows中,配置VScode作为LaTeX的编辑器(IDE),并使用SumatraPDF预览PDF文件。主要是LaTeX Workshop扩展的设置,如果要使用外部的PDF阅读器,则还需要设置SumatraPDF。
安装扩展
ctrl+shift+x
调出应用商店,搜索并安装LaTeX Workshop扩展:
配置LaTeX Workshop
LaTeX文件.tex的编译、预览、辅助文件的清理等都在扩展latex workshop中设置。
LaTeX Workshop中,编译LaTeX文件时顺序执行的一系列/组命令称为LaTeX食谱(recipes),定义在latex-workshop.latex.recipes。缺省情况,LaTeX Workshop包含2个基本的食谱,分别由latex-workshop.latex.recipes和latex-workshop.latex.Tools定义。第一个食谱的tools域中的工具定义在第二个食谱。latex workshop的参数含义见LaTeX Workshop的配置文件"package.json"或https://github.com/James-Yu/LaTeX-Workshop/wiki/Compile了解配置情况。
LaTeX Workshop默认的编译方式为latexmk和pdflatex。如下配置修改了latex workshop的编译方式、预览、辅助文件等。特别添加了xelatex及包含bib时的编译。
ctrl+shift+p ->settings->首选项
:打开用户设置(Json),在settings.json中添加如下内容:
"latex-workshop.showContextMenu":true, //右键菜单 "latex-workshop.intellisense.package.enabled": true, //根据加载的包,自动完成命令或包 "latex-workshop.latex.autoBuild.run": "never", //禁止保存文件时自动build "latex-workshop.latex.recipes": [ { "name": "latexmk", "tools": [ "latexmk" ] }, { "name": "PDFlatex", "tools": [ "pdflatex" ] }, { "name": "pdflatex -> bibtex -> pdflatex2", "tools": [ "pdflatex", "bibtex", "pdflatex", "pdflatex" ] }, { "name": "xelatex", "tools": [ "xelatex" ] }, { "name": "xelatex -> bibtex -> xelatex", "tools": [ "xelatex", "bibtex", "xelatex", ] } ], "latex-workshop.latex.tools":[ { "name": "latexmk", "command": "latexmk", "args": [ "-synctex=1", "-interaction=nonstopmode", "-file-line-error", "-pdf", "-outdir=%OUTDIR%", "%DOC%" ], "env": {} }, { "name": "pdflatex", "command": "pdflatex", "args": [ "-synctex=1", "-interaction=nonstopmode", "-file-line-error", "%DOC%" ], "env": {} }, { "name": "xelatex", "command": "xelatex", "args": [ "-synctex=1", "-interaction=nonstopmode", "-file-line-error", "%DOC%" ], "env": {} }, { "name": "bibtex", "command": "bibtex", "args": [ "%DOCFILE%" ], "env": {} } ], "latex-workshop.latex.clean.fileTypes": [ //设定清理文件的类型 "*.aux", "*.bbl", "*.blg", "*.idx", "*.ind", "*.lof", "*.lot", "*.out", "*.toc", "*.acn", "*.acr", "*.alg", "*.glg", "*.glo", "*.gls", "*.ist", "*.fls", "*.log", "*.fdb_latexmk", "*.nav", "*.snm", "*.synctex.gz" ], "latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer":"tab", //pdf文件的预览方式
快捷键
打开键盘快捷方式面板(左下侧齿轮,或快捷键ctrl+k,ctrl+s):
- 搜索"切换侧栏可见性",设置快捷键为ctrl+k ctrl+b。
- 搜索 latex build,将默认的ctrl+alt+b替换为ctrl+b(与Sublime Text 3统一)。
- 搜索latex recipe,设置快捷键为ctlr+r,方便点菜(选择编译方式)!(ST3中是显示文档大纲)。
其他常用的快捷键:
- ctrl+k ctrl+a: 切换活动栏可见性(左侧图标开关)
- ctrl+alt+x:显示LaTeX面板(左侧编译命令面板和文档大纲)。
- ctrl+alt+c:清除辅助文件
- ctrl+alt+v:查看编译的pdf文件(预览)
- ctrl+alt+j:正向搜索。当设置
"latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer": "tab"
;时,在LaTeX源文件中按下快捷键,定位到PDF文档相应位置。(反向搜索见后面)
一些快捷处理
根据latex-workshop.latex.recipes中的name段设定,可在.tex文件首行指定编译方式。如%!TEX program = xelatex表示用xelatex编译文件,而%!TEX program = PDFlatex表示用latexpdf编译文件。多个文件情况,还可以用% !TEX root指定主文件,% !TEX bib指定bib的编译方式。
示例
%! TeX program = pdflatex \documentclass{article} \begin{document} press ctrl+b to complie,press ctrl+alt+v to view pdf \end{document}
设置LaTeX文件和PDF文件之间的正/反向搜索
正向搜索是指按某种方式操作源文件中的部分,会在PDF文件中立即到达对应的部分。反向搜索就是在PDF文档的正文中某个位置点击,光标会定位到源文件的相应位置。正反向搜索十分方便文档错误的修改。反向搜索需要用到SumatraPDF软件(或Zathura)。
SumatraPDF软件是一款小巧强悍的PDF阅读器,是免费开源软件。国内有多个PDF阅读器基于SumatraPDF修改而来。
SumatraPDF官方下载地址:https://www.sumatrapdfreader.org/download-free-pdf-viewer.html
根据自己电脑操作系统,选择相应的软件下载并安装。
下面操作的一些说明:
我的VScode文件位置:VScode.exe在D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode
文件夹
扩展安装在D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/
。即将默认的%USERPROFILE%\.vscode和%APPDATA%\Code转移到了D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode
文件夹中,然后建立了联接:
- mklink /J "%USERPROFILE%\.vscode" ".vscode"
- mklink /J ""%APPDATA%\Code"" "Code"
将SumatraPDF.exe复制到D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/,后面的设置只是针对这个位置的SumatraPDF.exe,设置不会影响其他位置的SumatraPDF.exe。因为我有时会使用Sumblime Text3,默认的SumatraPDF.exe已经对其设置。
使用下面的设置,需要修改其中的VScode.exe、cli.js、SumatraPDF.exe这三个文件的路径为自己电脑对应的路径。
步骤如下:
打开设置文件settings.json
,添加如下设置(注意查找重复的配置项,如前面的配置中最后一行有latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer
,用下面的替换):
// 设置预览方式 "latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer":"external", "latex-workshop.view.pdf.ref.viewer":"external", // 设置外部PDF预览器 "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.viewer.command": "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/SumatraPDF.exe", "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.viewer.args": [ "%PDF%" ], // 配置Syntex的正向搜索(这是官网的) "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.synctex.command": "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/SumatraPDF.exe", "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.synctex.args": [ "-forward-search", "%TEX%", "%LINE%", "-reuse-instance", "-inverse-search", "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/Code.exe D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/resources/app/out/cli.js -r -g %f:%l", "%PDF%" ],
配置反向搜索(PDF->Latex源文件)
反向搜索在SumatraPDF中设置。打开SumatraPDF,进入设置->选项 对话框,在“设置反向搜索命令行”处填入如下内容(是一行内容,不是2行!):
"D:\ProgramFiles\Coding\VSCode\Code.exe"
"D:\ProgramFiles\Coding\VSCode\resources\app\out\cli.js" -r -g "%f:%l"
双击PDF中的任意一处即可跳转到VSCode中所对应的内容的源代码处
反向搜索的使用:打开一个已经编译的TeX文件,ctrl+alt+v
打开PDF文件。在PDF文件中的某行文字处,双击鼠标左键,会切换到了源文件的相应位置。如果点击的是公式、图等,可能不会正确返回。
正向搜索的使用:将光标移动到TeX文件的正文。ctrl+alt+x
,找到"navigator,select and edit
",点击第一项"syncTeX from cursor
"(或右键选择,或快捷键ctrl+alt+j
),会切换到PDF文件的相应位置。
如果不成功,检查路径设置,或者文件名错误。正反向搜索用到了.synctex.gz文件,不能删除。
参考文章
最后的设置(sumatraPDF预览+正反搜索)
"latex-workshop.showContextMenu":true, "latex-workshop.intellisense.package.enabled": true, //根据加载的包,自动完成命令或包 "latex-workshop.latex.autoBuild.run": "never", //禁止保存文件时自动build "latex-workshop.latex.recipes": [ { "name": "latexmk", "tools": [ "latexmk" ] }, { "name": "PDFlatex", "tools": [ "pdflatex" ] }, { "name": "pdflatex -> bibtex -> pdflatex2", "tools": [ "pdflatex", "bibtex", "pdflatex", "pdflatex" ] }, { "name": "xelatex", "tools": [ "xelatex" ] }, { "name": "xelatex -> bibtex -> xelatex*2", "tools": [ "xelatex", "bibtex", "xelatex", "xelatex" ] } ], "latex-workshop.latex.tools":[ { "name": "latexmk", "command": "latexmk", "args": [ "-synctex=1", "-interaction=nonstopmode", "-file-line-error", "-pdf", "-outdir=%OUTDIR%", "%DOC%" ], "env": {} }, { "name": "pdflatex", "command": "pdflatex", "args": [ "-synctex=1", "-interaction=nonstopmode", "-file-line-error", "%DOC%" ], "env": {} }, { "name": "xelatex", "command": "xelatex", "args": [ "-synctex=1", "-interaction=nonstopmode", "-file-line-error", "%DOC%" ], "env": {} }, { "name": "bibtex", "command": "bibtex", "args": [ "%DOCFILE%" ], "env": {} } ], //"latex-workshop.latex.autoClean.run": "onBuilt", "latex-workshop.latex.clean.fileTypes": [ "*.aux", "*.bbl", "*.blg", "*.idx", "*.ind", "*.lof", "*.lot", "*.out", "*.toc", "*.acn", "*.acr", "*.alg", "*.glg", "*.glo", "*.gls", "*.ist", "*.fls", "*.log", "*.fdb_latexmk", "*.nav", "*.snm", "*.synctex.gz", "*.bcf", "*.run.xml" ], "latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer":"external", "latex-workshop.view.pdf.ref.viewer":"external", // 设置外部PDF预览器 "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.viewer.command": "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/SumatraPDF.exe", "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.viewer.args": [ "%PDF%" ], // 配置Syntex的正向搜索(Latex->PDF) "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.synctex.command": "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/.vscode/SumatraPDF.exe", "latex-workshop.view.pdf.external.synctex.args": [ "-forward-search", "%TEX%", "%LINE%", "-reuse-instance", "-inverse-search", "D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/code D:/ProgramFiles/Coding/VSCode/resources/app/out/cli.js -r -g %f:%l", "%PDF%" ],
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