最详细的SSM（Spring+Spring MVC+MyBatis）项目搭建

时间:2020-03-27 erkye 人气:3

速览

使用Spring+Spring MVC+MyBatis搭建项目
开发工具IDEA（Ecplise步骤类似，代码完全一样）
项目类型Maven工程
数据库MySQL8.0
数据库连接池：Druid

发现不合适的出门左转，不要浪费时间~~

数据库信息如下：

数据库名：webtest
测试表名称user

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `username` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(16) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `tel` varchar(11) NOT NULL,
  `email` varchar(30) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `name` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`username`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

步骤

Step 1：创建Maven工程

新建Project,选择Maven，选择jdk，选择创建模板为webapp（注意看清名称）

2.填写项目信息，然后一路next，最后finish

Step 2：添加依赖和插件，修改pom.xml文件，主要信息如下：

Spring相关依赖
MyBatis相关依赖
MySQL连接相关依赖
Druid连接池
测试依赖
FastJSON依赖
Tomcat插件
Maven插件
资源拷贝插件（为了避免部分开发工具中不拷贝java包下的资源文件，不是所有人都会遇到这个问题，可以不配，具体请看这里）

pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.demo</groupId>
  <artifactId>ssmdemo</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <!--定义版本号-->
  <properties>
    <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
    <junit.version>4.9</junit.version>
    <fastjson.version>1.2.28</fastjson.version>
    <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
    <mybatis.spring.version>1.2.2</mybatis.spring.version>
    <mysql.version>8.0.11</mysql.version>
    <druid.version>1.0.9<https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/druid.version>
  </properties>

  <!--依赖-->
  <dependencies>
    <!--Spring相关依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
    <!--junit-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>${junit.version}</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
    <!--fastJson-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
      <version>${fastjson.version}</version>
    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
    <!--Servlet-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
    <!--MyBatis-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
    <!--MyBatis与Spring整合的依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
    <!-- MySql -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>${mysql.version}</version>
    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
    <!-- 连接池 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
      <version>${druid.version}</version>
    <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependency>
  <https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dependencies>

  <build>
    <!-- 自定义资源文件拷贝行为 -->
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/java<https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resources<https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>
    </resources>

    <!--使用的插件-->
    <plugins>
      <!--上面的资源文件拷贝的插件-->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.7</version>
        <configuration>
          <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>

      <!-- 编译插件 -->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.2</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.8</source>
          <target>1.8</target>
          <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>

      <!--tomcat插件-->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
        <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
        <configuration>
          <port>8080</port>
          <path>/</path>
          <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>

    </plugins>
  </build>



</project>

Step 3：修改web.xml 文件（webapp/WEB-INF下），完成内容如下（所有的配置文件稍后会列出）：

初始化Spring容器

<!--初始化spring容器-->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <!--读取spring文件夹下所有applicationContext-打头的文件-->
    <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

创建监听器，监听项目启动的时候初始化我们的Spring容器

<!--监听器-->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

创建一个Fliter，解决POST请求中文乱码问题（在pom.xml配置Tomcat插件是指定的UTF-8只能解决GET请求的乱码问题）

<!-- 解决post乱码 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

创建DispatcherServlet（我们可以使用SpringMVC的基础）

  <!-- springmvc的前端控制器 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>ssmdemo-servlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- contextConfigLocation不是必须的， 如果不配置contextConfigLocation， springmvc的配置文件默认在：WEB-INF/servlet的name+"-servlet.xml" -->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ssmdemo-servlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

完整的web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.comhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         version="2.5">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application<https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/display-name>

  <!--初始化spring容器-->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <!--监听器-->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <!-- 解决post乱码 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!-- springmvc的前端控制器 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>ssmdemo-servlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- contextConfigLocation不是必须的， 如果不配置contextConfigLocation， springmvc的配置文件默认在：WEB-INF/servlet的name+"-servlet.xml" -->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ssmdemo-servlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

Step 4：在java下创建需要package（没有java请创建），方便稍后写配置文件

controller包
service包
mapper包
domain包

Step 5：在resources（没有请创建）包下创建spring包，用来存放Spring相关的配置文件，创建springmvc.xml配置文件

开启controller的扫描
开启mvc的注解扫描
配置转换器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--开启controller扫描 指定扫描的基础包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.demo.controller"/>

    <!--开启注解扫描-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <!--指定转换器为fastjson-->
        <mvc:message-converters>
            <bean class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter"/>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>

Step 6：继续在spring文件下创建applicationContext-service.xml配置文件，配置service层的相关配置

开启组件扫描

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--开启注解扫描 扫描服务层组件-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.demo.service"/>
</beans>

Step 7：继续在spring文件夹下创建applicationContext-dao.xml配置文件，配置持久层相关配置

在resources下创建properties文件夹，新建db.properties配置文件，配置连接数据库相关属性

db.properties文件内容如下：
数据库连接驱动、url、用户名、密码


jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/webtest?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useSSL=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

在spring文件夹下创建applicationContext-dao.xml配置文件
- 配置数据源
- 配置sqlsession工厂（SqlMapConfig.xml稍后创建）
- 配置mapper代理

applicationContext-dao.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--读取db.properties配置文件内容-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:propertieshttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/db.properties"/>

    <!--配置数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
        <property name="maxActive" value="10" />
        <property name="minIdle" value="5" />
    </bean>

    <!--配置sqlsession工厂-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 数据源 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 配置文件 -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/SqlMapConfig.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置mapper代理-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.demo.mapper"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

Step 8：在resources文件夹下创建mybatis文件夹，存放mybatis相关配置，

创建SqlMapConfig.xml文件

SqlMapConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.orghttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--配置pojo的别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.demo.domain"/>
    </typeAliases>

</configuration>

至此，resources文件夹下的内容配置完成，回到java文件夹下

Step 9：在com.demo.domain下创建User实体类

User.java

package com.demo.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @author 11699
 * @date 20/3/27 - 16:53
 */
public class User implements Serializable {

    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String tel;
    private String email;
    private String name;

    //省略getter和setter方法
}

Step 10：在mapper文件下创建接口UserMapper，同时创建同名的UserMapper.xml文件，写一个简单的查询全部的方法

UserMapper接口

package com.demo.mapper;

import com.demo.domain.User;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 11699
 * @date 20/3/27 - 16:57
 */
public interface UserMapper {

    List<User> findAll();
}

UserMapper.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.orghttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<!--指定命名空间-->
<mapper namespace="com.demo.mapper.UserMapper">

    <!--查询全部 id必须与接口的方法名对应-->
    <select id="findAll" resultType="com.demo.domain.User">
        select * from user
    </select>
</mapper>

Step 11：service下创建接口UserService，同时创建impl包，在impl包下创建UserServiceImpl类，扩展UserService接口

在接口中定义个查询全部的方法，并在实现类中实现此方法

UserService接口

package com.demo.service;

import com.demo.domain.User;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 11699
 * @date 20/3/27 - 17:07
 */
public interface UserService {

    /**
     * 查找全部User
     * @return User
     */
    List<User> findAll();
}

UserServiceImpl实现类（不要忘记@Service注解）

package com.demo.service.impl;

import com.demo.domain.User;
import com.demo.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.demo.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 11699
 * @date 20/3/27 - 17:08
 */

//别忘了service注解哦
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    //注入UserMapper对象
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper mapper;


    @Override
    public List<User> findAll() {
        return mapper.findAll();
    }
}

Step 12：在controller下创建UserController类

package com.demo.controller;

import com.demo.domain.User;
import com.demo.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 11699
 * @date 20/3/27 - 17:12
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping("/all")
    public List<User> findAll(){
        return userService.findAll();
    }
}

运行测试配置

启动没有报错的话就可以在浏览器中测试访问：

http://localhost:8080/user/all

成功返回JSON串

项目完整结构

├─.idea
│  ├─codeStyles
│  ├─dictionaries
│  └─inspectionProfiles
├─src
│  └─main
│      ├─java
│      │  └─com
│      │      └─demo
│      │          ├─controller
│      │          ├─domain
│      │          ├─mapper
│      │          └─service
│      │              └─impl
│      ├─resources
│      │  ├─mybatis
│      │  ├─properties
│      │  └─spring
│      └─webapp
│          └─WEB-INF
└─target
    ├─apache-tomcat-maven-plugin
    ├─classes
    │  ├─com
    │  │  └─demo
    │  │      ├─controller
    │  │      ├─domain
    │  │      ├─mapper
    │  │      └─service
    │  │          └─impl
    │  ├─mybatis
    │  ├─properties
    │  └─spring
    ├─generated-sources
    │  └─annotations
    ├─maven-status
    │  └─maven-compiler-plugin
    │      └─compile
    │          └─default-compile
    └─tomcat
        ├─conf
        ├─logs
        ├─webapps
        └─work
            └─Tomcat
                └─localhost
                    └─_

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