详解webpack+angular2开发环境搭建

时间:2020-05-15 追逐前沿的攻城狮人气:0

刚搭建完一个webpack+angular2环境，由于angular及webpack官网上没有一个折中的搭建方案，所以只能摸索着搭建，中间遇到一些坑，遂总结记录下来，以供交流。

搭建完后的项目初步环境如下：

app
----app.component.ts
----app.module.ts
----main.ts
index.html
package.json
tsconfig.json
webpack.config.js

app.componnet.ts：组件文件。angular2应用是由组件构成，组件控制视图；

import { Component } from '@angular/core';
@Component({
 selector: 'my-app',
 template: `
  <h1>{{title}}</h1>
  <h2>My favorite hero is: {{myHero}}</h2>
  `
})
// 使用变量初始化方式
export class AppComponent {
 title = 'Tour of Heroes';
 myHero = 'Windstorm';
}

app.module.ts：应用跟模块。angular是模块化，拥有自己的模块系统，被称为angular模块或NgModules（深入了解）；//缺少下述模块引入，会输出"Uncaught reflect-metadata shim is required when using class decorators"的错误

import 'core-js/es6';
import 'core-js/es7/reflect';
import 'zone.jshttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dist/zone';
//引入NgModule装饰器
import { NgModule }   from '@angular/core';
//引入浏览器模块
import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
//引入创建的component
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';


@NgModule({
 imports:   [ BrowserModule ],
 declarations: [ AppComponent ],
 bootstrap:  [ AppComponent ]
})
export class AppModule { }

main.ts：用于引导跟模块启动应用；

 import { platformBrowserDynamic } from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
 import { AppModule }       from './app.module';
 //引导跟模块启动应用
platformBrowserDynamic().bootstrapModule(AppModule);

index.html：angular应用宿主页面；
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
  <title>small胖的博客</title>
</head>
<body>
  <my-app></my-app>
  <script src="dist/bundle.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

package.json：一个标准化的npm说明文件，其中包含诸如当前应用的依赖包、自定义的脚本命令等，在cmd终端可用npm init自动创建该文件；

注意，此处如果引入的angular模块版本是2.4.X，则会报错“Angular2 + Jspm.io : reflect-metadata shim is required when using class decorators”，产生此坑的具体原因尚不清楚，希望有朋友一起交流。

{
 "name": "blogcode",
 "version": "1.0.0",
 "description": "",
 "main": "webpack.config.js",
 "dependencies": {
  "ts-loader": "2.0.0",
  "@angular/common": "2.1.2",
  "@angular/compiler": "2.1.2",
  "@angular/core": "2.1.2",
  "@angular/platform-browser": "2.1.2",
  "@angular/platform-browser-dynamic":"2.1.2",
  "rxjs": "5.0.0-beta.12",
  "zone.js": "0.6.26",
  "core-js": "^2.4.1"
 },
 "devDependencies": {
  "webpack": "^2.2.1",
  "@types/core-js": "^0.9.35",
  "typescript": "^2.1.5",
  "webpack": "^2.2.0",
  "webpack-dev-server": "^2.3.0"
 },
 "scripts": {
  "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
 },
 "repository": {
  "type": "git",
  "url": "https://git.coding.net/frankshin/xudengwei.git"
 },
 "author": "",
 "license": "ISC"
}

tsconfig.json：用于定义typescript编译成ES5的各项参数；

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "module": "commonjs",
    "target": "es5",
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "noImplicitAny": true,
    "removeComments": true,
    "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
    "experimentalDecorators": true,
    "sourceMap": true,
    "declaration": false
  },
  "buildOnSave": false,
  "compileOnSave": false,
  "exclude": [
    "node_modules"
  ]
}

webpack.config.js：一个标准化的commonjs文件，用于配置webpack编译打包的参数。

module.exports = {
  entry: "./app/main.ts",
  output: {
    path: __dirname + 'https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dist',
    filename: "bundle.js"
  },
  module: {
  rules: [
    {
     test: /\.tsx?$/,
     loader: 'ts-loader',
     exclude: /node_modules/,
    },
  ]
  },
  resolve: {
   extensions: [".tsx", ".ts", ".js"]
  }
};

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