详解node HTTP请求客户端 - Request

npm install request

var request = require('request');
request('http://www.baidu.com', function (error, response, body) {
 if (!error && response.statusCode == 200) {
 console.log(body) // IT笔录主页的HTML
 }
})

request
 .get('http://google.com/img.png')
 .on('response', function(response) {
 console.log(response.statusCode) // 200
 console.log(response.headers['content-type']) // 'image/png'
 })
 .pipe(request.put('http://mysite.com/img.png'))

request
 .get('http://mysite.comhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/doodle.png')
 .on('error', function(err) {
 console.log(err)
 })
 .pipe(fs.createWriteStream('doodle.png'))

http.createServer(function (req, resp) {
 if (req.url === 'https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/doodle.png') {
 if (req.method === 'PUT') {
 req.pipe(request.put('http://mysite.comhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/doodle.png'))
 } else if (req.method === 'GET' || req.method === 'HEAD') {
 request.get('http://mysite.comhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/doodle.png').pipe(resp)
 }
 }
})

http.createServer(function (req, resp) {
 if (req.url === 'https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/doodle.png') {
 var x = request('http://mysite.comhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/doodle.png')
 req.pipe(x)
 x.pipe(resp)
 }
})

var r = request.defaults({'proxy':'http://localproxy.com'})

http.createServer(function (req, resp) {
 if (req.url === 'https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/doodle.png') {
 r.get('http://google.comhttps://img.qb5200.com/download-x/doodle.png').pipe(resp)
 }
})

request.post('http://service.com/upload', {form:{key:'value'}})
// or
request.post('http://service.com/upload').form({key:'value'})
// or
request.post({url:'http://service.com/upload', form: {key:'value'}}, function(err,httpResponse,body){ /* ... */ })

var formData = {
 // 键-值对简单值
 my_field: 'my_value',
 // 使用 Buffers 添加数据
 my_buffer: new Buffer([1, 2, 3]),
 // 使用 Streams 添加数据
 my_file: fs.createReadStream(__dirname + '/unicycle.jpg'),
 // 通过数组添加 multiple 值
 attachments: [
 fs.createReadStream(__dirname + '/attachment1.jpg'),
 fs.createReadStream(__dirname + '/attachment2.jpg')
 ],
 // 添加可选的 meta-data 使用: {value: DATA, options: OPTIONS}
 // 对于一些流类型，需要提供手工添加 "file"-关联 
 // 详细查看 `form-data` : https://github.com/form-data/form-data
 custom_file: {
 value: fs.createReadStream('https://img.qb5200.com/download-x/dev/urandom'),
 options: {
 filename: 'topsecret.jpg',
 contentType: 'image/jpg'
 }
 }
};
request.post({url:'http://service.com/upload', formData: formData}, function optionalCallback(err, httpResponse, body) {
 if (err) {
 return console.error('upload failed:', err);
 }
 console.log('Upload successful! Server responded with:', body);
});

// NOTE: Advanced use-case, for normal use see 'formData' usage above
var r = request.post('http://service.com/upload', function optionalCallback(err, httpResponse, body) {...})
var form = r.form();
form.append('my_field', 'my_value');
form.append('my_buffer', new Buffer([1, 2, 3]));
form.append('custom_file', fs.createReadStream(__dirname + '/unicycle.jpg'), {filename: 'unicycle.jpg'});

request({
 method: 'PUT',
 preambleCRLF: true,
 postambleCRLF: true,
 uri: 'http://service.com/upload',
 multipart: [
 {
 'content-type': 'application/json',
 body: JSON.stringify({foo: 'bar', _attachments: {'message.txt': {follows: true, length: 18, 'content_type': 'text/plain' }}})
 },
 { body: 'I am an attachment' },
 { body: fs.createReadStream('image.png') }
 ],
 // alternatively pass an object containing additional options
 multipart: {
 chunked: false,
 data: [
 {
  'content-type': 'application/json',
  body: JSON.stringify({foo: 'bar', _attachments: {'message.txt': {follows: true, length: 18, 'content_type': 'text/plain' }}})
 },
 { body: 'I am an attachment' }
 ]
 }
 },
 function (error, response, body) {
 if (error) {
 return console.error('upload failed:', error);
 }
 console.log('Upload successful! Server responded with:', body);
 })

request.get('http://some.server.com/').auth('username', 'password', false);
// or
request.get('http://some.server.com/', {
 'auth': {
 'user': 'username',
 'pass': 'password',
 'sendImmediately': false
 }
});
// or
request.get('http://some.server.com/').auth(null, null, true, 'bearerToken');
// or
request.get('http://some.server.com/', {
 'auth': {
 'bearer': 'bearerToken'
 }
});

var username = 'username',
 password = 'password',
 url = 'http://' + username + ':' + password + '@some.server.com';

request({url: url}, function (error, response, body) {
 // Do more stuff with 'body' here
});

var request = require('request');

var options = {
 url: 'https://api.github.com/repos/request/request',
 headers: {
 'User-Agent': 'request'
 }
};

function callback(error, response, body) {
 if (!error && response.statusCode == 200) {
 var info = JSON.parse(body);
 console.log(info.stargazers_count + " Stars");
 console.log(info.forks_count + " Forks");
 }
}

request(options, callback);

// OAuth1.0 - 3-legged server side flow (Twitter example)
// step 1
var qs = require('querystring')
 , oauth =
 { callback: 'http://mysite.com/callback/'
 , consumer_key: CONSUMER_KEY
 , consumer_secret: CONSUMER_SECRET
 }
 , url = 'https://api.twitter.com/oauth/request_token'
 ;
request.post({url:url, oauth:oauth}, function (e, r, body) {
 // Ideally, you would take the body in the response
 // and construct a URL that a user clicks on (like a sign in button).
 // The verifier is only available in the response after a user has
 // verified with twitter that they are authorizing your app.

 // step 2
 var req_data = qs.parse(body)
 var uri = 'https://api.twitter.com/oauth/authenticate'
 + '?' + qs.stringify({oauth_token: req_data.oauth_token})
 // redirect the user to the authorize uri

 // step 3
 // after the user is redirected back to your server
 var auth_data = qs.parse(body)
 , oauth =
 { consumer_key: CONSUMER_KEY
 , consumer_secret: CONSUMER_SECRET
 , token: auth_data.oauth_token
 , token_secret: req_data.oauth_token_secret
 , verifier: auth_data.oauth_verifier
 }
 , url = 'https://api.twitter.com/oauth/access_token'
 ;
 request.post({url:url, oauth:oauth}, function (e, r, body) {
 // ready to make signed requests on behalf of the user
 var perm_data = qs.parse(body)
 , oauth =
 { consumer_key: CONSUMER_KEY
 , consumer_secret: CONSUMER_SECRET
 , token: perm_data.oauth_token
 , token_secret: perm_data.oauth_token_secret
 }
 , url = 'https://api.twitter.com/1.1/users/show.json'
 , qs =
 { screen_name: perm_data.screen_name
 , user_id: perm_data.user_id
 }
 ;
 request.get({url:url, oauth:oauth, qs:qs, json:true}, function (e, r, user) {
 console.log(user)
 })
 })
})

HTTP/1.1 CONNECT endpoint-server.com:80
Host: proxy-server.com
User-Agent: whatever user agent you specify

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

HTTP/1.1 GET http://endpoint-server.com/some-url
Host: proxy-server.com
Other-Headers: all go here

request body or whatever

accept
accept-charset
accept-encoding
accept-language
accept-ranges
cache-control
content-encoding
content-language
content-length
content-location
content-md5
content-range
content-type
connection
date
expect
max-forwards
pragma
proxy-authorization
referer
te
transfer-encoding
user-agent
via

/* Pattern */ 'http://unix:SOCKET:PATH'
/* Example */ request.get('http://unix:/absolute/path/to/unix.socket:/request/path')

var fs = require('fs')
 , path = require('path')
 , certFile = path.resolve(__dirname, 'ssl/client.crt')
 , keyFile = path.resolve(__dirname, 'ssl/client.key')
 , caFile = path.resolve(__dirname, 'ssl/ca.cert.pem')
 , request = require('request');

var options = {
 url: 'https://api.some-server.com/',
 cert: fs.readFileSync(certFile),
 key: fs.readFileSync(keyFile),
 passphrase: 'password',
 ca: fs.readFileSync(caFile)
 }
};

request.get(options);

var fs = require('fs')
 , path = require('path')
 , certFile = path.resolve(__dirname, 'ssl/client.crt')
 , keyFile = path.resolve(__dirname, 'ssl/client.key')
 , request = require('request');

var options = {
 url: 'https://api.some-server.com/',
 agentOptions: {
 cert: fs.readFileSync(certFile),
 key: fs.readFileSync(keyFile),
 // 或使用 `pfx` 属性替换 `cert` 和 `key`使用私钥时，证书和CA证书在 PFX 或 PKCS12 格式的文件中:
 // pfx: fs.readFileSync(pfxFilePath),
 passphrase: 'password',
 securityOptions: 'SSL_OP_NO_SSLv3'
 }
};

request.get(options);

 request.get({
 url: 'https://api.some-server.com/',
 agentOptions: {
 secureProtocol: 'SSLv3_method'
 }
});

var request = require('request')
 request({
 // 将会忽略
 method: 'GET',
 uri: 'http://www.google.com',

 // HTTP 存档请求对象
 har: {
 url: 'http://www.mockbin.com/har',
 method: 'POST',
 headers: [
 {
  name: 'content-type',
  value: 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
 }
 ],
 postData: {
 mimeType: 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
 params: [
  {
  name: 'foo',
  value: 'bar'
  },
  {
  name: 'hello',
  value: 'world'
  }
 ]
 }
 }
 })

 // 一个 POST 请求会发送到 http://www.mockbin.com
 // 其请求体编码为 application/x-www-form-urlencoded，发送内容:
 // foo=bar&hello=world

request(options, callback);
// 或
request(url, options, callback);

request.METHOD(options, callback);
// 或
request.METHOD(url, options, callback);

// 使用 baseRequest() 进行请求是会设置一个 'x-token' 请求头
var baseRequest = request.defaults({
 headers: {'x-token': 'my-token'}
})

// 使用 specialRequest() 进行请求时，会包含一个在 baseRequest 中设置的 'x-token' 请求头
// 还会有一个 'special' 请求头
var specialRequest = baseRequest.defaults({
 headers: {special: 'special value'}
})

request.put(url)

request.patch(url)

request.post(url)

request.head(url)

request.del(url)
request.delete(url)

request.get(url)

request.cookie('key1=value1')

request.jar()

 var request = require('request')
 , rand = Math.floor(Math.random()*100000000).toString()
 ;
 request(
 { method: 'PUT'
 , uri: 'http://mikeal.iriscouch.com/testjs/' + rand
 , multipart:
  [ { 'content-type': 'application/json'
  , body: JSON.stringify({foo: 'bar', _attachments: {'message.txt': {follows: true, length: 18, 'content_type': 'text/plain' }}})
  }
  , { body: 'I am an attachment' }
  ]
 }
 , function (error, response, body) {
  if(response.statusCode == 201){
  console.log('document saved as: http://mikeal.iriscouch.com/testjs/'+ rand)
  } else {
  console.log('error: '+ response.statusCode)
  console.log(body)
  }
 }
 )

var request = require('request')
request(
 { method: 'GET'
 , uri: 'http://www.google.com'
 , gzip: true
 }
, function (error, response, body) {
 // body 是解压缩后的 response 响应体
 console.log('server encoded the data as: ' + (response.headers['content-encoding'] || 'identity'))
 console.log('the decoded data is: ' + body)
 }
).on('data', function(data) {
 // 收到的是解压缩后的数据
 console.log('decoded chunk: ' + data)
})
.on('response', function(response) {
 // 未修改 http.IncomingMessage object
 response.on('data', function(data) {
 // 收到的是压缩数据
 console.log('received ' + data.length + ' bytes of compressed data')
 })
})

var request = request.defaults({jar: true})
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
 request('http://images.google.com')
})

var j = request.jar()
var request = request.defaults({jar:j})
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
 request('http://images.google.com')
})

var j = request.jar();
var cookie = request.cookie('key1=value1');
var url = 'http://www.google.com';
j.setCookie(cookie, url);
request({url: url, jar: j}, function () {
 request('http://images.google.com')
})

var FileCookieStore = require('tough-cookie-filestore');
// 这时 'cookies.json' 文件必须已经存在
var j = request.jar(new FileCookieStore('cookies.json'));
request = request.defaults({ jar : j })
request('http://www.google.com', function() {
 request('http://images.google.com')
} 

var j = request.jar()
request({url: 'http://www.google.com', jar: j}, function () {
 var cookie_string = j.getCookieString(url); // "key1=value1; key2=value2; ..."
 var cookies = j.getCookies(url);
 // [{key: 'key1', value: 'value1', domain: "www.google.com", ...}, ...]
})