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Vue表单验证插件Vue Validator使用方法详解

好JSER 人气:0

Vue-validator 是Vue的表单验证插件，供大家参考，具体内容如下

Vue版本： 1.0.24
Vue-validator版本： 2.1.3

基本使用

<div id="app">
 <validator name="validation">
  <form novalidate>
   <div class="username-field">
    <label for="username">username:</label>
    <input type="text" id="username" v-validate:username="['required']" />
   </div>
   <div class="comment-filed">
    <label for="comment">comment:</label>
    <input type="text" id="comment" v-validate:comment="{maxlength: 256}" />
   </div>
   <div class="errors">
    <p v-if="$validation.username.required">请输入你的名字</p>
    <p v-if="$validation.comment.maxlength">您的评论太长了</p>
   </div>
   <input type="submit" value="send" v-if="$validation.valid" />
  </form>
 </validator>
</div>


<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/vue/1.0.24/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/vue-validator/2.1.3/vue-validator.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>

<script type="text/javascript">

 new Vue({
  el: '#app'
 });

</script>

将要验证的表单包裹在validator自定义元素指令中，而在要验证的表单控件元素的 v-validate 属性上绑定相应的校验规则。

验证结果会保存在组建实例的 $validation 属性下。 $validation 是由 validator 元素和 name 属性和 $ 前缀组件

验证结果结构

{
 // 表单整体验证
 "valid": false, // 字段校验是否通过 
 "invalid": true, // valid 取反
 "touched": false, // 校验字段所在元素获得通过焦点时返回true，否则返回false
 "untouched": true, // touched 取反
 "modified": false, // 当元素值与初始值不同时返回true，否则返回false
 "dirty": false, // 字段值改变过至少一次返回true，否则返回false 
 "pristine": true, // dirty 取反
 // 字段单一验证
 "username": {
  "required": true,
  "modified": false,
  "pristine": true,
  "dirty": false,
  "untouched": true, 
  "touched": false,
  "invalid": true,
  "valid": false
 },
 "comment": {
  "maxlength": false,
  "modified": false,
  "pristine": true,
  "dirty": false,
  "untouched": true,
  "touched": false,
  "invalid": false,
  "valid": true
 }
}

校验结果由两部分组成。表单整体校验结果和单个字段校验结果。

验证器语法

v-validate 指令语法：

v-validate[:field]=”array literal | object literfal | binding”

校验字段名field

field用来标识校验字段，之后可以用该字段来引用校验结果

v-validate 指令用来定义校验规则，其值可以是数组字面量，对象字面量，组件实例数组属性名。

数组字面量

当校验器不需要额外参数时，可以使用数组字面量形式，如 required 校验器，只要出现就带I表该校验器所在元素是必填项。

<div id="app">
 <validator name="validation">
  <form novalidate>
   Zip: <input type="text" v-validate:zip="['required']" /><br />
   <div>
    <span v-if="$validation.zip.required">邮政编码是必填项</span>
   </div>
  </form>
 </validator>
</div>

对象字面量

对象字面量语法适合需要额外参数的校验器。如限制输入长度的校验器 minlength,需要说明限制长度多少。

<div id="app">
 <validator name="validation">
  <form novalidate>
   ID: <input type="text" v-validate:id="{ required:true, minlength: 3, maxlength: 16 }" />
   <br />
   <div>
    <p v-if="$validation.id.required">ID不能为空</p>
    <p v-if="$validation.id.minlength">你的ID名字太短</p>
    <p v-if="$validation.id.maxlength">你的ID名字太长</p>
   </div>
   <input type="submit" value="send" v-if="$validation.valid" />
  </form>
 </validator>
</div>

还可以用 对象字面量语法通过 rule 字段来自定义验证规则

<div id="app">
 <validator name="validation">
  <form novalidate>
   ID: <input type="text" v-validate:id="{minlength: {rule: 3}, required: true, maxlength: {rule: 16}}" />
   <br />
   <div>
    <p v-if="$validation.id.required">ID不能为空</p>
    <p v-if="$validation.id.minlength">你的ID名字太短</p>
    <p v-if="$validation.id.maxlength">你的ID名字太长</p>
   </div>
   <input type="submit" value="send" v-if="$validation.valid" />
  </form>
 </validator>
</div>

实例数据属性

v-validate 的值可以是组建实例的数据属性。这样可以用来动态绑定校验规则。

<div id="app">
 <validator name="validation">
 <form novalidate>
  ID: <input type="text" v-validate:id="rules" /><br />
  <div>
   <p v-if="$validation.id.required">不能为空</p>
   <p v-if="$validation.id.minlength">你的ID太短</p>
   <p v-if="$validation.id.maxlength">你的ID太长</p>
  </div>
 </form>
 </validator>
</div>

<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/vue/1.0.24/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/vue-validator/2.1.3/vue-validator.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>

<script type="text/javascript">

 new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
   rules: {
    required: true,
    minlength: 3,
    maxlength: 16
   }
  }
 });
 
</script>

内置校验规则

vue-validator 内置一些常用的验证规则：

  • required — 输入值不能为空
  • pattern — 必须匹配pattern表示的正则表达式
  • minlength — 输入值长度不能小于minlength表示的值
  • maxlength — 输入的值不能大于maxlength表示的值
  • min — 输入值不能小于min表示的值
  • max — 输入值不能大于max表示的值

与v-model同时使用

vue-validator会自动校验通过v-model动态设置的值。

<div id="app">
 <validator name="validation">
  <form novalidate>
   message: <input type="text" v-model="msg" v-validate:message="{required: ture, minlength: 8}" />
   <br />
   <p v-if="$validation.message.required">message不能为空</p>
   <p v-if="$validation.message.minlength">message输入太长位数</p>
  </form>
 </validator>
</div>

<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/vue/1.0.24/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/vue-validator/2.1.3/vue-validator.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>

<script type="text/javascript">

 var vm = new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
   msg: ''
  }
 });
 
 setTimeout(function () {
  vm.msg = 'hello world!';
 }, 2000);
 
</script>

重置校验结果

通过在Vue组件实例上调用$resetValidation();方法来动态重置校验结果。

<div id="app">
 <validator name="validation">
  <form novalidate>
   <div class="username-field">
    <label for="username">username:</label>
    <input type="text" id="username" v-validate:username="['required']" />
   </div>
   <div class="comment-filed">
    <label for="comment">comment:</label>
    <input type="text" id="comment" v-validate:comment="{maxlength: 256}" />
   </div>
   <div class="errors">
    <p v-if="$validation.username.required">用户名不能为空</p>
    <p v-if="$validation.comment.maxlength">输入文字超过256个</p>
    <input type="submit" value="send" v-if="$validation.valid" />
    <button type="button" @click="onReset">Reset Validation</button>
   </div>
   <pre>{{$validation | json}}</pre>
  </form>
 </validator>
</div>

<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/vue/1.0.24/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/vue-validator/2.1.3/vue-validator.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>

<script type="text/javascript">
 
 new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  methods: {
   onReset: function () {
    this.$resetValidation();
   }
  }
 });
 
</script>

复选框checkbox

<div id="app">
 <validator name="validation">
  <form novalidate>
   <h1>调查</h1>
   <fieldset>
    
    <legend>请选择水果</legend>
    <input type="checkbox" id="apple" value="apple" v-validate:fruits="{
     required: { rule: true, message: requiredErrorMsg },
     minlength: { rule: 1, message: minlengthErrorMsg },
     maxlength: { rule: 2, message: maxlengthErrorMsg }
     }" />
     
    <label for="apple">Apple</label>
    <input type="checkbox" id="orange" value="orange" v-validate:fruits />
    <label for="orange">Orange</label>
    <input type="checkbox" id="grape" value="grape" v-validate:fruits />
    <label for="grape">Grape</label>
    <input type="checkbox" id="banana" value="banana" v-validate:fruits />
    <label for="banana">Banana</label>
    
    <ul class="errors">
     <li v-for="msg in $validation.fruits">
      <p>{{msg | json}}</p>
     </li>
    </ul>
   </fieldset>
  </form>
 </validator>
</div>

<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/vue/1.0.24/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/vue-validator/2.1.3/vue-validator.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>

<script type="text/javascript">
 
 new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  computed: {
   requiredErrorMsg: function () {
    return '请选择水果';
   },
   minlengthErrorMsg: function () {
    return '请选择至少1个水果!';
   },
   maxlengthErrorMsg: function () {
    return '请选择最多2个水果!';
   }
  }
 });
 
</script>

下拉类表select

<div id="app">
 
 <validator name="validation">
  <form novalidate>
   <select v-validate:lang="{required: true}">
    <option value="">请选择语言</option>
    <option value="javascript">javascript</option>
    <option value="php">php</option>
    <option value="node">node</option>
   </select>
   <div class="errors">
    <p v-if="$validation.lang.required">不能为空！</p>
   </div>
  </form>
 </validator>
 
</div>

<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/vue/1.0.24/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/vue-validator/2.1.3/vue-validator.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>

<script type="text/javascript">
 
 new Vue({
  el: '#app'
 });
 
</script>

校验状态class

各校验状态都有其对应的class(默认) 也可以自定义校验状态class

<validator name="validation" :classes="{touched: 'touehc-validator', dirty: 'dirty-validator'}">
 <label for="username">username</label>
 <<input type="text" id="username" :classes="{valid: 'valid-username', invalid: 'invalid-username'}" v-validate:username="{required: {rule: true, message: 'required you name!'}}">
</validator>
<!-- classes属性只能在validator元素或应用了v-validate的元素上使用有效 -->

分组校验

vue-validator支持分组校验。例如重复密码功能。

<div id="app">
 <validator name="validation" :groups="['passwordGroup']">
  <form novalidate>
   username: <input type="text" v-validate:username="['required']" /><br />
   password: <input type="password" v-validate:password="{ minlength: 8, required: true }" group="passwordGroup" /><br />
   comfirm password: <input type="password" v-validate:password-comfirm="{minlength: 8, required: true}" group="passwordGroup" />
   <div class="errors">
    <p v-if="$validation.username.required">用户名不能为空</p>
    <p v-if="$validation.password.required">密码不能为空</p>
    <p v-if="$validation.password.minlength">密码不能少于8位</p>
    <p v-if="$validation.password-comfirm.required">重复密码不能为空</p>
    <p v-if="$validation.password-comfirm.minlength">密码不能少于8位</p>
    <p v-if="$validation.passwordGroup.valid">密码不一致</p>
   </div>
  </form>
 </validator>
</div>

<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/vue/1.0.24/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
<script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/vue-validator/2.1.3/vue-validator.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>

<script type="text/javascript">
 
 new Vue({
  el: '#app'
 });
 
</script>

本文已被整理到了《Vue.js前端组件学习教程》，欢迎大家学习阅读。

关于vue.js组件的教程，请大家点击专题vue.js组件学习教程进行学习。

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