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WPF利用WindowChrome实现自定义窗口

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简介

Microsoft官网关于 WindowChome 的介绍

截取Microsoft文章的一段话：

若要在保留其标准功能时自定义窗口，可以使用该 WindowChrome 类。 该 WindowChrome 类将窗口框架的功能与视觉对象分开，并允许你控制应用程序窗口的客户端和非客户端区域之间的边界。 通过 WindowChrome 该类，可以通过扩展工作区来覆盖非工作区，将 WPF 内容置于窗口框架中。 同时，它通过两个不可见区域保留系统行为： 调整边框 和 标题 区域的大小。

效果图

自定义最小化、最大化、关闭按钮

最小化按钮

<Style
    x:Key="SystemCloseButtonStyle"
    BasedOn="{StaticResource SystemButtonStyleBase}"
    TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
    <Setter Property="Template">
        <Setter.Value>
            <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
                <Grid Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
                    <Viewbox Width="12" Height="12">
                        <Path Data="M550.848 502.496l308.64-308.896a31.968 31.968 0 1 0-45.248-45.248l-308.608 308.896-308.64-308.928a31.968 31.968 0 1 0-45.248 45.248l308.64 308.896-308.64 308.896a31.968 31.968 0 1 0 45.248 45.248l308.64-308.896 308.608 308.896a31.968 31.968 0 1 0 45.248-45.248l-308.64-308.864z" Fill="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" />
                    </Viewbox>
                    <ContentPresenter
                        HorizontalAlignment="Center"
                        VerticalAlignment="Center"
                        Content="{TemplateBinding Content}" />
                </Grid>
                <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
                        <Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource CloseColor}" />
                        <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="{StaticResource DominantColor}" />
                    </Trigger>
                    <Trigger Property="IsFocused" Value="True">
                        <Setter Property="FocusVisualStyle" Value="{x:Null}" />
                    </Trigger>
                </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
            </ControlTemplate>
        </Setter.Value>
    </Setter>
</Style>

最大化按钮

<Style
    x:Key="SystemMaxButtonStyle"
    BasedOn="{StaticResource SystemButtonStyleBase}"
    TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
    <Setter Property="Template">
        <Setter.Value>
            <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
                <Grid Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
                    <Viewbox Width="12" Height="12">
                        <Path Data="M959.72 0H294.216a63.96 63.96 0 0 0-63.96 63.96v127.92H64.28A63.96 63.96 0 0 0 0.32 255.84V959.4a63.96 63.96 0 0 0 63.96 63.96h703.56a63.96 63.96 0 0 0 63.96-63.96V792.465h127.92a63.96 63.96 0 0 0 63.96-63.96V63.96A63.96 63.96 0 0 0 959.72 0zM767.84 728.505V959.4H64.28V255.84h703.56z m189.322 0H831.8V255.84a63.96 63.96 0 0 0-63.96-63.96H294.216V63.96H959.72z" Fill="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" />
                    </Viewbox>
                    <ContentPresenter
                        HorizontalAlignment="Center"
                        VerticalAlignment="Center"
                        Content="{TemplateBinding Content}" />
                </Grid>
                <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
                        <Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource SuspensionColor}" />
                    </Trigger>
                    <Trigger Property="IsFocused" Value="True">
                        <Setter Property="FocusVisualStyle" Value="{x:Null}" />
                    </Trigger>
                </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
            </ControlTemplate>
        </Setter.Value>
    </Setter>
</Style>

关闭按钮

<Style
    x:Key="SystemMinButtonStyle"
    BasedOn="{StaticResource SystemButtonStyleBase}"
    TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
    <Setter Property="Template">
        <Setter.Value>
            <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
                <Grid Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
                    <Viewbox Width="12" Height="10">
                        <Path Data="M928.2 548h-832c-17.7 0-32-14.3-32-32s14.3-32 32-32h832c17.7 0 32 14.3 32 32s-14.3 32-32 32z" Fill="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" />
                    </Viewbox>
                    <ContentPresenter
                        HorizontalAlignment="Center"
                        VerticalAlignment="Center"
                        Content="{TemplateBinding Content}" />
                </Grid>
                <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
                        <Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource SuspensionColor}" />
                    </Trigger>
                    <Trigger Property="IsFocused" Value="True">
                        <Setter Property="FocusVisualStyle" Value="{x:Null}" />
                    </Trigger>
                </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
            </ControlTemplate>
        </Setter.Value>
    </Setter>
</Style>

/// <summary>
/// 窗口移动
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void Move_Click(object sender, System.Windows.Input.MouseButtonEventArgs e) => this.DragMove();

/// <summary>
/// 最小化
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void BtnMin_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) => WindowState = WindowState.Minimized;

/// <summary>
/// 最大化/还原
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void BtnMax_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) => WindowState = WindowState is WindowState.Normal ? WindowState.Maximized : WindowState.Normal;

/// <summary>
/// 关闭
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void BtnClose_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) => Application.Current.Shutdown();

布局实现

首先我们需要在 MainWindow 也就是我们的主窗口中的 Window.Resources 中实现 WindowChrome 的基本样式：

WindowChrome.ResizeBorderThickness 设置不可见边框宽度

WindowChrome.CaptionHeight> 设置属于标题栏的范围——高度

WindowChrome.UseAeroCaptionButtons 是否启用默认系统按钮功能——三大金刚键

WindowChrome.NonClientFrameEdges 设置客户区域，使用 bottom 可以实现加载时空白窗口而不显示默认窗口，提升用户体验

<Window
    x:Class="SignalRClient.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:SignalRClient"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    Title=""
    Width="880"
    Height="620"
    MinWidth="700"
    MinHeight="500"
    Style="{StaticResource mainWindow}"
    WindowChrome.WindowChrome="{DynamicResource WindowChromeKey}"
    WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Window.Resources>
        <WindowChrome x:Key="WindowChromeKey">
            <WindowChrome.ResizeBorderThickness>
                <Thickness>5</Thickness>
            </WindowChrome.ResizeBorderThickness>
            <WindowChrome.CaptionHeight>60</WindowChrome.CaptionHeight>
            <WindowChrome.UseAeroCaptionButtons>false</WindowChrome.UseAeroCaptionButtons>
            <WindowChrome.NonClientFrameEdges>bottom</WindowChrome.NonClientFrameEdges>
        </WindowChrome>
    </Window.Resources>
</Window>

重写窗口，实现最大化窗口下，标题栏及客户区域偏移问题的修正。

通过代码获取当前窗口的工作区域，及任务栏以外的其他区域

System.Windows.SystemParameters.WorkArea.Width 获取工作区域的宽

System.Windows.SystemParameters.WorkArea.Height 获取工作区域的高

为什么要使用 ValueConverter 主要是因为 WorkArea 返回的类型无法直接 binding xaml

<ValueConverters:WorkAreaWidth x:Key="workAreaWidth" />
<ValueConverters:WorkAreaHeight x:Key="workAreaHeight" />

<Style x:Key="mainWindow" TargetType="{x:Type Window}">
    <Setter Property="Template">
        <Setter.Value>
            <ControlTemplate TargetType="Window">

                <ContentControl x:Name="window" Content="{TemplateBinding Content}" />

                <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    <Trigger Property="WindowState" Value="Maximized">
                        <Setter TargetName="window" Property="MaxHeight" Value="{Binding Converter={StaticResource workAreaHeight}}" />
                        <Setter TargetName="window" Property="MaxWidth" Value="{Binding Converter={StaticResource workAreaWidth}}" />
                    </Trigger>
                </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
            </ControlTemplate>
        </Setter.Value>
    </Setter>
</Style>

using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows.Data;

namespace SignalRClient.ValueConverters
{
    internal class WorkAreaWidth : IValueConverter
    {
        public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            return System.Windows.SystemParameters.WorkArea.Width;
        }

        public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows.Data;

namespace SignalRClient.ValueConverters
{
    internal class WorkAreaHeight : IValueConverter
    {
        public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            return System.Windows.SystemParameters.WorkArea.Height;
        }

        public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }
}

结语

一开始，确实很难搞，Microsoft 的文档，里面也并没有，详细介绍窗口内容溢出的问题，但是只要仔细研究过 WPF 的同学都知道，很多东西是可以通过 Trigger 来实现的。Get 到这一点很多问题就迎刃而解了。

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