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docker实现跨宿主机的容器之间网络互联

这样的宋哥哥 人气:0

背景:最近闲来无事,想到之前开发提出的问题不用k8s那套网络插件如何实现跨宿主机的容器之间网络互联,顺便复习下iptables知识点。

docker实现跨宿主机的容器之间网络互联 一. 环境介绍二. docker跨主机互联实现说明三. 修改docker0网桥网段3.1 A宿主机10.1.10.1133.2 B宿主机10.1.10.114

一. 环境介绍

两台centos8.2的虚拟机以及harbor仓库的镜像
宿主机A:ip 10.1.10.113
宿主机B:ip 10.1.10.114

二. docker跨主机互联实现说明

跨主机互联是说A宿主机的容器可以访问B主机上的容器,但是前提是保证各宿主机之间的网络是可以相互通信的,然后各容器才可以通过宿主机访问到对方的容器。
实现原理: 是在宿主机做一个网络路由就可以实现A宿主机的容器访问B主机的容器的目的

三. 修改docker0网桥网段

3.1 A宿主机10.1.10.113

设置docker网桥网段为192.168.100.1

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systemctl restart docker
docker login 10.1.10.15
docker pull 10.1.10.15/syimage/centos8.2:v2
docker run -itd --restart=always --name=vm01  --privileged  10.1.10.15/syimage/centos8.2:v2 

添加静态路由和iptables规则
在各宿主机添加静态路由,网关指向对方宿主机的IP

route add -net 192.168.200.0/24 gw 10.1.10.114
iptables -A FORWARD -s 10.0.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT
#或者修改FORWARD默认规则
iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         10.1.10.1       0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 ens32
10.1.10.0       0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens32
192.168.100.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 docker0
192.168.200.0   10.1.10.114     255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 ens32

测试跨宿主机之间容器互联

docker exec -it vm01 ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.100.2  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.100.255
        ether 02:42:c0:a8:64:02  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 36  bytes 25292 (24.6 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 45  bytes 5310 (5.1 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@shudun ~]# docker exec -it vm01 ping 192.168.200.2
PING 192.168.200.2 (192.168.200.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.200.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=0.907 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.200.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=0.678 ms
^C
--- 192.168.200.2 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 2ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.678/0.792/0.907/0.117 ms

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3.2 B宿主机10.1.10.114

设置docker网桥网段为192.168.200.1

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systemctl restart docker
 route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         10.1.10.1       0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 ens32
10.1.10.0       0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens32
192.168.100.0   10.1.10.113     255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 ens32
192.168.200.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 docker0

docker login 10.1.10.15
docker pull 10.1.10.15/syimage/centos8.2:v2
docker run -itd --restart=always --name=vm01  --privileged  10.1.10.15/syimage/centos8.2:v2 

添加静态路由和iptables规则
在各宿主机添加静态路由,网关指向对方宿主机的IP

route add -net 192.168.100.0/24 gw 10.1.10.113
iptables -A FORWARD -s 10.0.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT
#或者修改FORWARD默认规则
iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         10.1.10.1       0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 ens32
10.1.10.0       0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens32
192.168.100.0   10.1.10.113     255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 ens32
192.168.200.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 docker0

测试跨宿主机之间容器互联

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docker exec -it vm01 ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.200.2  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.200.255
        ether 02:42:c0:a8:c8:02  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 36  bytes 25280 (24.6 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 45  bytes 5322 (5.1 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@shudun ~]# docker exec -it vm01 ping 192.168.100.2
PING 192.168.100.2 (192.168.100.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.100.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=0.704 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=0.650 ms
^C
--- 192.168.100.2 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 51ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.650/0.677/0.704/0.027 ms

最后宿主机A的容器vm01访问宿主机B容器vm02,同时在宿主机B上tcpdump抓包观察

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