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C++ QT实现文件压缩和解压缩操作

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一、前言

QZipWriter是用来压缩文件的类，需要在安装Qt是选择Sources源码安装。否则，无法使用QZipWriter。

1. QZipWriter函数说明

1.1 构造方法：

QZipWriter(const QString &fileName, QIODevice::OpenMode mode = (QIODevice::WriteOnly | QIODevice::Truncate) );
QZipWriter(QIODevice *device);

fileName：保存zip文件的地址。

QIODevice 是 QFile 的父类，因此在构造 QZipWriter类的对象时，可以传递一个 QFile 类的对象。

1.2 设置压缩权限：

enum CompressionPolicy {
     AlwaysCompress,
     NeverCompress,
     AutoCompress
};
void setCompressionPolicy(CompressionPolicy policy);
CompressionPolicy compressionPolicy() const;

1.3 添加文件：

 void addFile(const QString &fileName, const QByteArray &data);

1.4 添加目录：

void addDirectory(const QString &dirName);

如果需要将文件压缩到lib目录下，那么可以这样操作：

  writer->addDirectory("lib");
  writer->addFile("lib/" + fileName, const QByteArray &data);

这样压缩，就可以在压缩包当中看到lib目录，并且文件在lib目录下。

二、实现方式

通过Qt自带的库来实现，使用多线程方式，通过信号和槽来触发压缩与解压缩，并将压缩和解压缩结果回传过来。

使用的类：

#include "QtGui/private/qzipreader_p.h"
#include "QtGui/private/qzipwriter_p.h"

三、具体步骤

1、在.pro文件中添加模块gui-private

QT       += core gui gui-private

2、通过QObject方式创建多线程实现压缩与解压缩类

CompreDecompreFileThread.h

#ifndef COMPREDECOMPREFILETHREAD_H
#define COMPREDECOMPREFILETHREAD_H
 
#include <QObject>
#include "QtGui/private/qzipreader_p.h"
#include "QtGui/private/qzipwriter_p.h"
#include <QFileInfoList>
#include <QDir>
#include <QFile>
#include <QThread>
class CompreDecompreFileThread : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    typedef enum
    {
        success,
        failed,
        running
    }ResultE;
signals:
    void compression_res_signal(ResultE res,quint8 progress,QString remarks = nullptr);
    void decompression_res_signal(ResultE res,quint8 progress,QString remarks = nullptr);
public slots:
    /*
     * 压缩文件
     */
    void compression_file_run(QString srcPath,QString destPath);
    /*
     * 解压文件
     */
    void decompression_file_run(QString srcPath,QString destPath);
public:
    explicit CompreDecompreFileThread(QObject *parent = nullptr);
private:
    /*
     * 遍历压缩文件
     */
    QFileInfoList ergodic_compression_file(QZipWriter *writer,QString rootPath,QString filePath);
 
private:
    QZipWriter *zipWriter = nullptr;
    QZipReader *zipReader = nullptr;
};
 
#endif // COMPREDECOMPREFILETHREAD_H

CompreDecompreFileThread.cpp

#include "compredecomprefilethread.h"
#include <QDebug>
#include <QIODevice>
 
CompreDecompreFileThread::CompreDecompreFileThread(QObject *parent)
    : QObject{parent}
{
    qRegisterMetaType<ResultE>("ResultE");
}
 
QFileInfoList CompreDecompreFileThread::ergodic_compression_file(QZipWriter *writer, QString rootPath, QString filePath)
{
    QDir dir(filePath);          //遍历各级子目录
    QDir fileDir(filePath);    //遍历子目录中所有文件
 
    //先遍历文件夹 添加进widget
    QFileInfoList fileList=dir.entryInfoList(QDir::Files | QDir::Hidden | QDir::NoSymLinks);
    QFileInfoList folderList = dir.entryInfoList(QDir::Dirs | QDir::NoDotAndDotDot);   //获取当前所有目录 QDir::Dirs 0x001 列出目录；
 
 
    for(int i = 0; i != folderList.size(); i++)         //自动递归添加各目录到上一级目录
    {
        QString namepath = folderList.at(i).absoluteFilePath();    //获取路径
        QFileInfo folderinfo= folderList.at(i);
        QString name=folderinfo.fileName();      //获取目录名
 
 
        QStringList list = folderinfo.absoluteFilePath().split(rootPath);
        //qDebug()<<"Dir:"<<folderinfo.absoluteFilePath().remove(list.at(0));
        writer->addDirectory(folderinfo.absoluteFilePath().remove(list.at(0)));
 
        QFileInfoList child_file_list = ergodic_compression_file(writer,rootPath,namepath);          //进行递归 递归这个文件夹
        fileList.append(child_file_list);
        //  file_list.append(name);
 
    }
    /*添加path路径文件*/
 
    fileDir.setFilter(QDir::Files | QDir::Hidden | QDir::NoSymLinks);        //获取当前所有文件
    fileDir.setSorting(QDir::Name);
    QFileInfoList _fileList = fileDir.entryInfoList();
    for (int i = 0; i < _fileList.size(); ++i) //将当前目录中所有文件添加到treewidget中
    {
        QFileInfo fileInfo = _fileList.at(i);
 
        QFile file(fileInfo.absoluteFilePath());
        if(file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly))
        {
            QStringList list = fileInfo.absoluteFilePath().split(rootPath);
            //qDebug()<<"File:"<<fileInfo.absoluteFilePath().remove(list.at(0));
            writer->addFile(fileInfo.absoluteFilePath().remove(list.at(0)),file.readAll());
            file.close();
        }
 
    }
    return fileList;
}
void CompreDecompreFileThread::compression_file_run(QString srcPath, QString destPath)
{
    qDebug()<<QThread::currentThreadId();
    if(srcPath == nullptr || destPath == nullptr)
    {
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("路径为空！"));
        return;
    }
    QFileInfo fileDistInfo(destPath);
    if(fileDistInfo.isFile())   //目的路径不能为文件名
    {
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("路径不能为文件！"));
        return;
    }
 
 
    QFileInfo fileInfo(srcPath);
    if(fileInfo.isFile())//压缩的是一个文件
    {
        QString saveFileName = destPath+"/"+fileInfo.baseName()+".zip";
        qDebug()<<"saveFileName:"<<saveFileName;
        this->zipWriter = new QZipWriter(saveFileName);
        QFile file(srcPath);
        if(!file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly))
        {
            emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("文件打开失败！"));
            return;
        }
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::running,50,tr("正在压缩中..."));
        this->zipWriter->addFile(file.fileName(),file.readAll());
        this->zipWriter->close();
        delete this->zipWriter;
        this->zipWriter = nullptr;
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::running,100,tr("正在压缩中..."));
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::success,100,tr("压缩完成！"));
    }
    else    //压缩的是一个文件夹
    {
        QString folderStr = srcPath.mid(srcPath.lastIndexOf("/")).remove("/");
        if(folderStr == nullptr)
        {
            emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("压缩文件路径错误！"));
            return;
        }
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::running,50,tr("正在压缩中..."));
        QString saveFileName = destPath+"/"+folderStr+".7z";
        qDebug()<<"saveFileName:"<<saveFileName;
        this->zipWriter = new QZipWriter(saveFileName);
        this->zipWriter->addDirectory(folderStr);
        this->ergodic_compression_file(this->zipWriter,folderStr,srcPath);
        delete this->zipWriter;
        this->zipWriter = nullptr;
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::running,100,tr("正在压缩中..."));
        emit compression_res_signal(ResultE::success,100,tr("压缩完成！"));
    }
 
}
 
void CompreDecompreFileThread::decompression_file_run(QString srcPathAndName, QString destPath)
{
    qDebug()<<QThread::currentThreadId();
    if(srcPathAndName == nullptr || destPath == nullptr)
    {
        emit decompression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("路径为空！"));
        return;
    }
    QFileInfo destInfo(destPath);
    if(destInfo.isFile()||!destInfo.exists())
    {
        emit decompression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("目的路径异常！"));
        return;
    }
 
    QFileInfo fileInfo(srcPathAndName);
    if(!fileInfo.isFile() || fileInfo.suffix() !="zip")
    {
        emit decompression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("压缩文件为空！"));
        return;
    }
    emit decompression_res_signal(ResultE::running,50,tr("正在解压缩..."));
    this->zipReader = new QZipReader(srcPathAndName);
    bool res = this->zipReader->extractAll(destPath);
    emit decompression_res_signal(ResultE::running,100,tr("正在解压缩..."));
    if(res) //解压缩成功
    {
        emit decompression_res_signal(ResultE::success,100,tr("解压缩完成！"));
    }
    else
    {
         emit decompression_res_signal(ResultE::failed,100,tr("解压缩失败！"));
    }
 
    this->zipReader->close();
    delete this->zipReader;
    this->zipReader = nullptr;
 
}

mainwindow.h

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
 
#include <QMainWindow>
#include "QtGui/private/qzipreader_p.h"
#include "QtGui/private/qzipwriter_p.h"
 
#include <QFileInfoList>
#include <QDir>
#include <QFile>
 
#include "compredecomprefilethread.h"
 
#include <QThread>
 
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
 
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT
signals:
    void compress_signal(QString srcPath,QString destPath);
    void decompress_signal(QString srcPath,QString destPath);
public:
    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MainWindow();
 
private slots:
    void on_btnZip_clicked();
 
    void on_btnUnZip_clicked();
 
    void compress_res_slot(CompreDecompreFileThread::ResultE res,quint8 progress,QString remarks = nullptr);
    void decompress_res_slot(CompreDecompreFileThread::ResultE res,quint8 progress,QString remarks = nullptr);
 
private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
    CompreDecompreFileThread *compreDecompreFileThread;
    QThread *compreDecompreFileMainThread;
 
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

mainwindow.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QDebug>
 
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    compreDecompreFileThread = new CompreDecompreFileThread;
    compreDecompreFileMainThread = new QThread;
 
    compreDecompreFileThread->moveToThread(compreDecompreFileMainThread);
    compreDecompreFileMainThread->start();
 
    connect(this,&MainWindow::compress_signal,compreDecompreFileThread,&CompreDecompreFileThread::compression_file_run);
    connect(this,&MainWindow::decompress_signal,compreDecompreFileThread,&CompreDecompreFileThread::decompression_file_run);
 
    connect(compreDecompreFileThread,&CompreDecompreFileThread::compression_res_signal,this,&MainWindow::compress_res_slot);
    connect(compreDecompreFileThread,&CompreDecompreFileThread::decompression_res_signal,this,&MainWindow::decompress_res_slot);
    qDebug()<<QThread::currentThreadId();
}
 
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
}
 
 
//bool zipReader(QString zipPath="test.zip", QString zipDir="")
//{
//    QDir tempDir;
//    if(!tempDir.exists(zipDir)) tempDir.mkpath(zipDir);
//    QZipReader reader(zipPath);
//    return reader.extractAll(zipDir);
//}
 
void MainWindow::on_btnZip_clicked()
{
    QString filePath = QApplication::applicationDirPath()+"/test";
    QString zipPath = QApplication::applicationDirPath();
 
    emit compress_signal(filePath,zipPath);
 
}
 
 
void MainWindow::on_btnUnZip_clicked()
{
    QString filePath = QApplication::applicationDirPath()+"/test.zip";
    QString zipPath = QApplication::applicationDirPath()+"/unTest";
 
    qDebug()<<"filePath:"<<filePath<<"zipPath:"<<zipPath;
 
    emit decompress_signal(filePath,zipPath);
}
 
void MainWindow::compress_res_slot(CompreDecompreFileThread::ResultE res, quint8 progress, QString remarks)
{
    qDebug()<<"Com:"<<"  res:"<<res<<"  progress:"<<progress<<"  remarks:"<<remarks;
}
 
void MainWindow::decompress_res_slot(CompreDecompreFileThread::ResultE res, quint8 progress, QString remarks)
{
    qDebug()<<"deCom:"<<"  res:"<<res<<"  progress:"<<progress<<"  remarks:"<<remarks;
}

mainwindow.ui

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