MyBatis插件机制超详细讲解
流烟默 人气:0MyBatis的插件机制
MyBatis 允许在已映射语句执行过程中的某一点进行拦截调用。默认情况下,MyBatis 允许使用插件来拦截的方法调用包括:
- Executor(update, query, flushStatements, commit, rollback, getTransaction, close, isClosed)
- ParameterHandler(getParameterObject, setParameters)
- ResultSetHandler(handleResultSets, handleOutputParameters)
- StatementHandler(prepare, parameterize, batch, update, query)
这里我们再回顾一下,在创建StatementHandler时,我们看到了如下代码:
public StatementHandler newStatementHandler(Executor executor, MappedStatement mappedStatement, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, BoundSql boundSql) { StatementHandler statementHandler = new RoutingStatementHandler(executor, mappedStatement, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, boundSql); statementHandler = (StatementHandler) interceptorChain.pluginAll(statementHandler); return statementHandler; }
InterceptorChain
在全局配置Configuration中维护了一个InterceptorChain interceptorChain = new InterceptorChain()
拦截器链,其内部维护了一个私有常量List<Interceptor> interceptors
,其pluginAll
方法为遍历interceptors
并调用每个拦截器的plugin
方法。
public class InterceptorChain { private final List<Interceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<Interceptor>(); public Object pluginAll(Object target) { for (Interceptor interceptor : interceptors) { target = interceptor.plugin(target); } return target; } //添加拦截器到链表中 public void addInterceptor(Interceptor interceptor) { interceptors.add(interceptor); } //获取链表中的拦截器,返回一个不可修改的列表 public List<Interceptor> getInterceptors() { return Collections.unmodifiableList(interceptors); } }
MyBatis中拦截器接口
package org.apache.ibatis.plugin; import java.util.Properties; public interface Interceptor { //拦截处理,也就是代理对象目标方法执行前被处理 Object intercept(Invocation invocation) throws Throwable; //生成代理对象 Object plugin(Object target); //设置属性 void setProperties(Properties properties); }
如果想自定义插件,那么就需要实现该接口。
MyBatis中的Invocation
package org.apache.ibatis.plugin; import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException; import java.lang.reflect.Method; public class Invocation { //目标对象 private final Object target; //目标对象的方法 private final Method method; //方法参数 private final Object[] args; public Invocation(Object target, Method method, Object[] args) { this.target = target; this.method = method; this.args = args; } public Object getTarget() { return target;} public Method getMethod() {return method;} public Object[] getArgs() {return args;} //proceed-继续,也就是说流程继续往下执行,这里看方法就是目标方法反射调用。 public Object proceed() throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException { return method.invoke(target, args); } }
MyBatis中的Plugin
package org.apache.ibatis.plugin; import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.lang.reflect.Proxy; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.ExceptionUtil; public class Plugin implements InvocationHandler { //目标对象 ,被代理的对象 private final Object target; //拦截器 private final Interceptor interceptor; //方法签名集合 private final Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap; private Plugin(Object target, Interceptor interceptor, Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap) { this.target = target; this.interceptor = interceptor; this.signatureMap = signatureMap; } //该方法会获取signatureMap中包含的所有target实现的接口,然后生成代理对象 public static Object wrap(Object target, Interceptor interceptor) { Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap = getSignatureMap(interceptor); Class<?> type = target.getClass(); Class<?>[] interfaces = getAllInterfaces(type, signatureMap); if (interfaces.length > 0) { return Proxy.newProxyInstance( type.getClassLoader(), interfaces, new Plugin(target, interceptor, signatureMap)); } return target; } //每一个InvocationHandler 的invoke方法会在代理对象的目标方法执行前被触发 @Override public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable { try { Set<Method> methods = signatureMap.get(method.getDeclaringClass()); if (methods != null && methods.contains(method)) { return interceptor.intercept(new Invocation(target, method, args)); } return method.invoke(target, args); } catch (Exception e) { throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(e); } } //获取拦截器感兴趣的接口与方法 private static Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> getSignatureMap(Interceptor interceptor) { Intercepts interceptsAnnotation = interceptor.getClass().getAnnotation(Intercepts.class); // issue #251 if (interceptsAnnotation == null) { throw new PluginException("No @Intercepts annotation was found in interceptor " + interceptor.getClass().getName()); } Signature[] sigs = interceptsAnnotation.value(); Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap = new HashMap<>(); for (Signature sig : sigs) { Set<Method> methods = signatureMap.computeIfAbsent(sig.type(), k -> new HashSet<>()); try { Method method = sig.type().getMethod(sig.method(), sig.args()); methods.add(method); } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) { throw new PluginException("Could not find method on " + sig.type() + " named " + sig.method() + ". Cause: " + e, e); } } return signatureMap; } //该方法会获取signatureMap中包含的所有type实现的接口与上级接口 private static Class<?>[] getAllInterfaces(Class<?> type, Map<Class<?>, Set<Method>> signatureMap) { Set<Class<?>> interfaces = new HashSet<>(); while (type != null) { for (Class<?> c : type.getInterfaces()) { if (signatureMap.containsKey(c)) { interfaces.add(c); } } type = type.getSuperclass(); } return interfaces.toArray(new Class<?>[interfaces.size()]); } }
这里Plugin
实现了InvocationHandler
,那么其invoke
方法会在代理对象的目标方法执行前被触发。其invoke
方法解释如下:
- ① 获取当前Plugin感兴趣的方法类型,判断目标方法Method是否被包含;
- ② 如果当前目标方法是Plugin感兴趣的,那么就
interceptor.intercept(new Invocation(target, method, args));
触发拦截器的intercept方法; - ③ 如果当前目标方法不是Plugin感兴趣的,直接执行目标方法。
上面说Plugin感兴趣其实是指内部的interceptor感兴趣。
MyBatis插件开发
如下所示,编写插件实现Interceptor
接口,并使用@Intercepts
注解完成插件签名。
package com.mybatis.dao; import java.util.Properties; import org.apache.ibatis.executor.parameter.ParameterHandler; import org.apache.ibatis.executor.statement.StatementHandler; import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Interceptor; import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Intercepts; import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Invocation; import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Plugin; import org.apache.ibatis.plugin.Signature; import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.MetaObject; import org.apache.ibatis.reflection.SystemMetaObject; /** * 完成插件签名:告诉MyBatis当前插件用来拦截哪个对象的哪个方法 */ @Intercepts({@Signature(type=StatementHandler.class,method="parameterize",args=java.sql.Statement.class)}) public class MyFirstPlugin implements Interceptor{ @Override public Object intercept(Invocation invocation) throws Throwable { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("MyFirstPlugin...intercept:"+invocation.getMethod()); Object target = invocation.getTarget(); System.out.println("当前拦截到的对象:"+target); //拿到:StatementHandler==>ParameterHandler===>parameterObject //拿到target的元数据 MetaObject metaObject = SystemMetaObject.forObject(target); Object value = metaObject.getValue("parameterHandler.parameterObject"); System.out.println("sql语句用的参数是:"+value); //修改完sql语句要用的参数 metaObject.setValue("parameterHandler.parameterObject", 11); //执行目标方法 Object proceed = invocation.proceed(); //返回执行后的返回值 return proceed; } //plugin:包装目标对象的:包装:为目标对象创建一个代理对象 @Override public Object plugin(Object target) { //我们可以借助Plugin的wrap方法来使用当前Interceptor包装我们目标对象 System.out.println("MyFirstPlugin...plugin:mybatis将要包装的对象"+target); Object wrap = Plugin.wrap(target, this); //返回为当前target创建的动态代理 return wrap; } //setProperties:将插件注册时 的property属性设置进来 @Override public void setProperties(Properties properties) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("插件配置的信息:"+properties); } }
注册到mybatis的全局配置文件中,示例如下(注意,插件是可以设置属性的如这里我们可以设置用户名、密码):
<plugins>
<plugin interceptor="com.mybatis.dao.MyFirstPlugin">
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
</plugin>
</plugins>
那么mybatis在执行过程中实例化Executor、ParameterHandler、ResultSetHandler和StatementHandler
时都会触发上面我们自定义插件的plugin
方法。
如果有多个插件,那么拦截器链包装的时候会从前到后,执行的时候会从后到前。如这里生成的StatementHandler
代理对象如下:
总结
- 按照插件注解声明,按照插件配置顺序调用插件
plugin
方法,生成被拦截对象的动态代理; - 多个插件依次生成目标对象的代理对象,层层包裹,先声明的先包裹,形成代理链;
- 目标方法执行时依次从外到内执行插件的
intercept
方法。 - 多个插件情况下,我们往往需要在某个插件中分离出目标对象。可以借助
MyBatis
提供的SystemMetaObject
类来进行获取最后一层的h
以及target
属性的值
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