Python执行dos Linux命令
三爷 人气:0在实际开发中,有时为了方便,可能需要执行dos命令或者Linux命令。比如说执行某些shell脚本,上传下载一些文件,执行adb命令等跨语言,加压包,解压包等跨操作系统的场景。这样能大大加强多个平台和操作系统之间的关联性。
windows:
案例1:弹窗式执行dos命令(与打开cmd执行一模一样)
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import os # 解决打印时,部分中文乱码问题 os.popen('chcp 65001') # 查看当前路径 command1 = "chdir" os.system(command1) # 查看 ip command2 = "ipconfig" os.system(command2)
案例2:后台执行
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import os # 后台执行 adb命令 command2 = "adb" os.popen(command2)
案例3:执行多条dos命令
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import os # command1执行成功,才往下执行command2 command1 = "java -version" command2 = "adb version" # 使用 && 隔开。 command = "{} && {}".format(command1, command2) print(command) os.popen(command)
Linux
Linux操作系统下,Python需要安装一个第三方模块:
pip install paramiko
案例1:执行单条linux命令 - 方法:execute_cmd()
案例2:执行多条linux命令 - 方法:execute_cmd_list()
# coding=utf-8 import paramiko class ServerMessage: # 目标服务器信息 host = "xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx" user = "root" password = "xxxxxxxx" class SshChannel: def __init__(self, cfg_obj, timeout_sec=15, port=22): self._cfg = cfg_obj self.ssh_connect_timeout = timeout_sec self.port = port self.ssh_cli = None def __enter__(self): try: self.connecting_server_with_SSH2() except paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException: print("连接{}失败, 请核实配置或重试".format(self._cfg.host)) self.ssh_cli.close() else: return self def __exit__(self, tp, value, trace): self.ssh_cli.close() def connecting_server_with_SSH2(self): self.ssh_cli = paramiko.SSHClient() self.ssh_cli.load_system_host_keys() key = paramiko.AutoAddPolicy() self.ssh_cli.set_missing_host_key_policy(key) self.ssh_cli.connect(self._cfg.host, port=self.port, username=self._cfg.user, password=self._cfg.password, timeout=self.ssh_connect_timeout) def execute_cmd(self, cmd, get_pty=False): """ :param cmd: 单个命令 :return: 服务器的输出信息 """ stdin, stdout, stderr = self.ssh_cli.exec_command(cmd, get_pty) return stdout.read().decode('utf-8') def execute_cmd_list(self, cmd_list): """ :param cmd: 单个命令 :return: 服务器的输出信息 """ # 英文模式下的分号隔开。" ; " cmd = "".join([i + " ; " for i in cmd_list]) stdin, stdout, stderr = self.ssh_cli.exec_command(cmd, get_pty=True) return stdout.read().decode('utf-8') if __name__ == '__main__': with SshChannel(ServerMessage) as my_server: # 调用单条命令演示 pwd1 = my_server.execute_cmd("pwd") print(pwd1) # 调用多条命令演示 pwd2 = my_server.execute_cmd_list(["pwd", "free -m"]) print(pwd2)
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