亲宝软件园·资讯

展开

Android ShapeableImageView使用

yechaoa 人气:0

效果

前言

先来看一下ShapeableImageView是什么

由上图可以看到ShapeableImageView也没有什么神秘的,不过是ImageView的一个子类而已,但是从效果图来看,在不写shape、不引入三方库的情况下,还是挺容易实现预期效果的,而且扩展性良好。

使用

引入material包

implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.2.1'

常规

<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="10dp"
    android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar" />

和ImageView正常使用没有区别

圆角

<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="10dp"
    android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
    app:shapeAppearance="@style/RoundedStyle" />
<!--ShapeableImageView 圆角-->
<style name="RoundedStyle">
    <item name="cornerFamily">rounded</item>
    <item name="cornerSize">10dp</item>
</style>

<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="10dp"
    android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
    app:shapeAppearance="@style/CircleStyle" />
<!--ShapeableImageView 圆 -->
<style name="CircleStyle">
    <item name="cornerFamily">rounded</item>
    <item name="cornerSize">50%</item>
</style>

圆角的大小可以用百分比,也可以自己计算,比如宽高100dp,圆角50dp

描边

<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="10dp" 
    android:padding="2dp"
    android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
    app:shapeAppearance="@style/CircleStyle"
    app:strokeColor="@color/red"
    app:strokeWidth="4dp" />

切角

<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="10dp" 
    android:padding="2dp"
    android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
    app:shapeAppearance="@style/CutStyle"
    app:strokeColor="@color/red"
    app:strokeWidth="4dp" />
<!--ShapeableImageView 切角 -->
<style name="CutStyle">
    <item name="cornerFamily">cut</item>
    <item name="cornerSize">10dp</item>
</style>

cornerFamily:cut 处理模式变为裁剪

菱形

<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="10dp" 
    android:padding="2dp"
    android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
    app:shapeAppearance="@style/RhombusStyle"
    app:strokeColor="@color/red"
    app:strokeWidth="4dp" />
<!--ShapeableImageView 菱形 -->
<style name="RhombusStyle">
    <item name="cornerFamily">cut</item>
    <item name="cornerSize">50%</item>
</style>

同样,裁剪模式下圆角大小也可以计算

叶子

<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="10dp" 
    android:padding="2dp"
    android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
    app:shapeAppearance="@style/LeafStyle"
    app:strokeColor="@color/red"
    app:strokeWidth="4dp" />
<!--ShapeableImageView 叶子 -->
<style name="LeafStyle">
    <item name="cornerFamily">rounded</item>
    <item name="cornerSizeTopLeft">50%</item>
    <item name="cornerSizeBottomRight">50%</item>
</style>

半圆

<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_margin="10dp" 
    android:padding="2dp"
    android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
    app:shapeAppearance="@style/SemicircleStyle"
    app:strokeColor="@color/red"
    app:strokeWidth="4dp" />
<!--ShapeableImageView 半圆 -->
<style name="SemicircleStyle">
    <item name="cornerFamily">rounded</item>
    <item name="cornerSizeTopLeft">50%</item>
    <item name="cornerSizeTopRight">50%</item>
</style>

六边形

<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="50dp"
    android:layout_margin="10dp" 
    android:padding="2dp"
    android:scaleType="centerCrop"
    android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
    app:shapeAppearance="@style/HexagonStyle"
    app:strokeColor="@color/red"
    app:strokeWidth="4dp" />
<!--ShapeableImageView 六边形 -->
<style name="HexagonStyle">
    <item name="cornerFamily">cut</item>
    <item name="cornerSizeTopLeft">50%</item>
    <item name="cornerSizeTopRight">50%</item>
    <item name="cornerSizeBottomLeft">50%</item>
    <item name="cornerSizeBottomRight">50%</item>
</style>

属性

关于xml属性,我也做了一个整理,属性不多,只有4个

属性描述
strokeWidth描边宽度
strokeColor描边颜色
shapeAppearance外观样式
shapeAppearanceOverlay同上,叠加层

扩展

前面为了整体的排版,埋了几个伏笔,下面来一一解答。

会涉及到源码,但是经过去繁从简,看起来也非常轻松的。

shapeAppearance

Shape appearance overlay style reference for ShapeableImageView.
ShapeableImageView的形状外观覆盖样式参考。

前面可以看到我们设置圆角其实是用的style,那为什么不直接用attrs呢,不是更加直观方便吗,带着疑问来看看源码是怎么处理的。

直接看ShapeableImageView的次构造方法:

public class ShapeableImageView extends AppCompatImageView implements Shapeable {

  ...

  public ShapeableImageView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
    super(wrap(context, attrs, defStyle, DEF_STYLE_RES), attrs, defStyle);
    // Ensure we are using the correctly themed context rather than the context that was passed in.
    context = getContext();

    clearPaint = new Paint();
    clearPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
    clearPaint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
    clearPaint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.DST_OUT));
    destination = new RectF();
    maskRect = new RectF();
    maskPath = new Path();
    TypedArray attributes =
        context.obtainStyledAttributes(
            attrs, R.styleable.ShapeableImageView, defStyle, DEF_STYLE_RES);

    strokeColor =
        MaterialResources.getColorStateList(
            context, attributes, R.styleable.ShapeableImageView_strokeColor);

    strokeWidth = attributes.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.ShapeableImageView_strokeWidth, 0);

    borderPaint = new Paint();
    borderPaint.setStyle(Style.STROKE);
    borderPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
    shapeAppearanceModel =
        ShapeAppearanceModel.builder(context, attrs, defStyle, DEF_STYLE_RES).build();
    shadowDrawable = new MaterialShapeDrawable(shapeAppearanceModel);
    if (VERSION.SDK_INT >= VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
      setOutlineProvider(new OutlineProvider());
    }
  }
}

常规操作,获取自定义属性。

关键的两行代码:

    shapeAppearanceModel = ShapeAppearanceModel.builder(context, attrs, defStyle, DEF_STYLE_RES).build();
    shadowDrawable = new MaterialShapeDrawable(shapeAppearanceModel);

也就是说我们给shapeAppearance设置的style,并不是ShapeableImageView自己来处理的,而是由ShapeAppearanceModel来构建的,然后又交给MaterialShapeDrawable来绘制的。

ShapeAppearanceModel

这个类就厉害了,有点像Flutter中的Decoration,可以构建出花里胡哨的效果。

来看ShapeAppearanceModel部分源码:

public class ShapeAppearanceModel {

  /** Builder to create instances of {@link ShapeAppearanceModel}s. */
  public static final class Builder {

    @NonNull
    private CornerTreatment topLeftCorner = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultCornerTreatment();

    @NonNull
    private CornerTreatment topRightCorner = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultCornerTreatment();

    @NonNull
    private CornerTreatment bottomRightCorner = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultCornerTreatment();

    @NonNull
    private CornerTreatment bottomLeftCorner = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultCornerTreatment();

    @NonNull private CornerSize topLeftCornerSize = new AbsoluteCornerSize(0);
    @NonNull private CornerSize topRightCornerSize = new AbsoluteCornerSize(0);
    @NonNull private CornerSize bottomRightCornerSize = new AbsoluteCornerSize(0);
    @NonNull private CornerSize bottomLeftCornerSize = new AbsoluteCornerSize(0);

    @NonNull private EdgeTreatment topEdge = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultEdgeTreatment();
    @NonNull private EdgeTreatment rightEdge = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultEdgeTreatment();
    @NonNull private EdgeTreatment bottomEdge = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultEdgeTreatment();
    @NonNull private EdgeTreatment leftEdge = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultEdgeTreatment();

    public Builder() {}
    ...
  }
  ...
}

可以看到有各种边和角的属性,这里注意两个点:

也就意味着,边和角除了默认,是可以自定义的,这就有极大的想象空间了,

比如这样:

// 代码设置 角和边
val shapeAppearanceModel2 = ShapeAppearanceModel.builder().apply {
    setAllCorners(RoundedCornerTreatment())
    setAllCornerSizes(50f)
    setAllEdges(TriangleEdgeTreatment(50f, false))
}.build()
val drawable2 = MaterialShapeDrawable(shapeAppearanceModel2).apply {
    setTint(ContextCompat.getColor(this@ShapeableImageViewActivity, R.color.colorPrimary))
    paintStyle = Paint.Style.FILL_AND_STROKE
    strokeWidth = 50f
    strokeColor = ContextCompat.getColorStateList(this@ShapeableImageViewActivity, R.color.red)
}
mBinding.text2.setTextColor(Color.WHITE)
mBinding.text2.background = drawable2

再比如这样:

// 代码设置 聊天框效果
val shapeAppearanceModel3 = ShapeAppearanceModel.builder().apply {
    setAllCorners(RoundedCornerTreatment())
    setAllCornerSizes(20f)
    setRightEdge(object : TriangleEdgeTreatment(20f, false) {
        // center 位置 , interpolation 角的大小
        override fun getEdgePath(length: Float, center: Float, interpolation: Float, shapePath: ShapePath) {
            super.getEdgePath(length, 35f, interpolation, shapePath)
        }
    })
}.build()
val drawable3 = MaterialShapeDrawable(shapeAppearanceModel3).apply {
    setTint(ContextCompat.getColor(this@ShapeableImageViewActivity, R.color.colorPrimary))
    paintStyle = Paint.Style.FILL
}
(mBinding.text3.parent as ViewGroup).clipChildren = false // 不限制子view在其范围内
mBinding.text3.setTextColor(Color.WHITE)
mBinding.text3.background = drawable3

MaterialShapeDrawable

源码(有删减):

public class MaterialShapeDrawable extends Drawable implements TintAwareDrawable, Shapeable {
...
  @Override
  public void draw(@NonNull Canvas canvas) {
    fillPaint.setColorFilter(tintFilter);
    final int prevAlpha = fillPaint.getAlpha();
    fillPaint.setAlpha(modulateAlpha(prevAlpha, drawableState.alpha));

    strokePaint.setColorFilter(strokeTintFilter);
    strokePaint.setStrokeWidth(drawableState.strokeWidth);

    final int prevStrokeAlpha = strokePaint.getAlpha();
    strokePaint.setAlpha(modulateAlpha(prevStrokeAlpha, drawableState.alpha));

    if (pathDirty) {
      calculateStrokePath();
      calculatePath(getBoundsAsRectF(), path);
      pathDirty = false;
    }

    maybeDrawCompatShadow(canvas);
    if (hasFill()) {
      drawFillShape(canvas);
    }
    if (hasStroke()) {
      drawStrokeShape(canvas);
    }
...
  static final class MaterialShapeDrawableState extends ConstantState {
    ...
    public MaterialShapeDrawableState(@NonNull MaterialShapeDrawableState orig) {
      shapeAppearanceModel = orig.shapeAppearanceModel;
      elevationOverlayProvider = orig.elevationOverlayProvider;
      strokeWidth = orig.strokeWidth;
      colorFilter = orig.colorFilter;
      fillColor = orig.fillColor;
      strokeColor = orig.strokeColor;
      tintMode = orig.tintMode;
      tintList = orig.tintList;
      alpha = orig.alpha;
      scale = orig.scale;
      shadowCompatOffset = orig.shadowCompatOffset;
      shadowCompatMode = orig.shadowCompatMode;
      useTintColorForShadow = orig.useTintColorForShadow;
      interpolation = orig.interpolation;
      parentAbsoluteElevation = orig.parentAbsoluteElevation;
      elevation = orig.elevation;
      translationZ = orig.translationZ;
      shadowCompatRadius = orig.shadowCompatRadius;
      shadowCompatRotation = orig.shadowCompatRotation;
      strokeTintList = orig.strokeTintList;
      paintStyle = orig.paintStyle;
      if (orig.padding != null) {
        padding = new Rect(orig.padding);
      }
    }
	...
  }
...
}

没什么特别的,你只需要知道除了可以设置描边之外,还可以设置背景、阴影等其他属性。

说明

描边问题

这里借github一张图

又是自定义view的常规操作,有一半画笔是在边界外面的,所以需要设置paddingstrokeWidth的一半。

默认圆角问题

有细心的同学会发现啊,第一个常规的ShapeableImageView还是有一点圆角的,没错,属于默认的,跟踪一下源码来看一下:

<style name="Widget.MaterialComponents.ShapeableImageView" parent="android:Widget">
    <item name="strokeColor">@color/material_on_surface_stroke</item>
    <item name="shapeAppearance">?attr/shapeAppearanceMediumComponent</item>
</style>

第一个是颜色,很明显不是我们要找的,继续看shapeAppearanceMediumComponent

<attr format="reference" name="shapeAppearanceMediumComponent"/>

只是一个简单的属性,继续查找关联引用

    <item name="shapeAppearanceMediumComponent">
      @style/ShapeAppearance.MaterialComponents.MediumComponent
    </item>

又引用了一个style,继续看ShapeAppearance.MaterialComponents.MediumComponent这个style

<style name="ShapeAppearance.MaterialComponents.MediumComponent">
    <item name="cornerSize">@dimen/mtrl_shape_corner_size_medium_component</item>
</style>

哦豁,看到了熟悉的属性cornerSize,藏的还挺深,继续看看数值是多少

<dimen name="mtrl_shape_corner_size_medium_component">4dp</dimen>

默认4dp

那如果不想要这个圆角怎么办呢,可以学习源码仿写一个,不过上面也看到了,有点绕,不如直接写个style搞定:

    <!--ShapeableImageView 去圆角-->
    <style name="Corner0Style">
        <item name="cornerSize">0dp</item>
    </style>

然后引用

app:shapeAppearance="@style/Corner0Style"

效果:

ok,到这里就差不多了,虽然还有很多相关知识点没有提及,但是也不少了,不如自己去尝试一番,慢慢消化。

Github

https://github.com/yechaoa/MaterialDesign

感谢

最后

加载全部内容

相关教程
猜你喜欢
用户评论