Swift运算符
扑腾的蛾子 人气:0溢出运算符(Overflow Operator)
1、Swift的算数运算符出现溢出时会抛出运行时错误
var v: UInt8 = UInt8.min v -= 1
2、Swift有溢出运算符(&+、&-、&*),用来支持溢出运算
var v1 = UInt8.min var v2 = v1 &- 1 //v2 = 255
var v1 = UInt8.max var v2 = v1 &* 2 // 等价于 v1 &+ v1
运算符重载(Operator Overload)
1、类、结构体、枚举可以为现有的运算符提供自定义的实现,这个操作叫做:运算符重载
struct Point { var x = 0, y = 0 static func + (p1: Point, p2: Point) -> Point { Point(x: p1.x + p2.x, y: p1.y + p2.y) } static prefix func - (p: Point) -> Point { Point(x: -p.x, y: -p.y) } static func += (p1: inout Point, p2: Point) { p1 = p1 + p2 } static postfix func ++ (p: inout Point) -> Point { let tmp = p p += Point(x: 1, y: 1) return tmp } static prefix func ++ (p: inout Point) -> Point { p += Point(x: 1, y: 1) return p } } var p1 = Point(x: 10, y: 20) var p2 = Point(x: 11, y: 22) let p3 = p1 + p2 let p4 = -p3 print(p4)
Equatable
1、要想得知2个实例是否等价,一般做法是遵守Equatable协议,重载 == 运算符
与此同时,等价于重载了 != 运算符
class Person: Equatable { var age: Int init(age: Int) { self.age = age } static func == (lhs: Person, rhs: Person) -> Bool { lhs.age == rhs.age } } var p1 = Person.init(age: 10) var p2 = Person(age: 11) print(p1 == p2)
2、Swift为以下类型提供默认的Equatable实现
没有关联类型的枚举
只拥有遵守Equatable协议关联类型的枚举
只拥有遵守Equatable协议存储属性的结构体
enum Answer { case wrong case right } var s1 = Answer.wrong var s2 = Answer.right print(s1 == s2)
3、引用类型比较存储的地址值是否相等(是否引用着同一个对象),使用恒等运算符 === 、!==
Comparable
1、要想比较2个实例的大小,一般做法是:遵守Comparable协议,重载相应的运算符
自定义运算符 (Custom Operator)
1、可以自定义新的运算符:在全局作用域使用operator进行声明
prefix operator 前缀运算符
postfix operator 后缀运算符
infix operator 中缀运算符:优先级组
precedencegroup 优先级组 { associativity: 结合性(left/right/none) higherThan: 比谁的优先级高 lowerThan: 比谁的优先级低 assignment: true代表在可选链操作中拥有跟赋值运算符一样的优先级 }
prefix operator +++ prefix func +++ (_ i: inout Int) { i += 2 } var age = 10 +++age
infix operator +-: PlusMinusPrecedence precedencegroup PlusMinusPrecedence { associativity: none higherThan: AdditionPrecedence lowerThan: MultiplicationPrecedence assignment: true } struct Point { var x = 0, y = 0 static func +- (p1: Point, p2: Point) -> Point { Point(x: p1.x + p2.x, y: p1.y - p2.y) } } class Person { var age = 0 var point: Point = Point() } var p: Person? = Person() p?.point +- Point(x: 10, y: 20)
加载全部内容