C语言学生管理系统
草木之花 人气:0注意:没有用到数据库使用链表完成此系统!
多文件实现
正式开始
代码都可以直接使用
不想看的,直接复制代码块里面的内容就行!
我用的visual studio 2019 有些使用了 _s 如果是用别的编译器,可以自行修改!
功能介绍
增,删,改,查,退出,保存,以至于格式化!
1.录入学生信息
2.查看录入的学生信息(全部学生信息)
3.修改已录入的学生信息(以学号)
4.删除已录入的学生信息(以学号)
5.保存信息到文件
6.指定查找(以学号)
7.隐藏选项(格式化链表--清空)
'q'退出系统
实现功能
创建源文件main.c 函数部分
//不一一介绍,不懂得去查就行,要学会Google!
#include "myList.h" //引入自己写得一个头文件
//菜单界面
void menu(void);//函数声明,菜单显示函数.
//按钮互动
void keydown(struct Node* List);
int main(void) {
struct Node* List = createrList();//创建一个叫List的链表
readInfoFromFile(List, "student.txt");//读取在student.txt的文件 然后写入List链表中
while (true) {//一直循环,知道用户不用这个程序后,输入'q' 退出程序!
//显示菜单
menu();
//然后读取用户输入的值,进行操作!
keydown(List);
system("pause");//暂停程序用的
system("cls");//执行完一次,就清屏一次,看起来比较舒服
}
system("pause");//不闪退!同上面作用
return 0;
}
//这里是用一个结构体,到时用来储存我们的提示信息
//结构体 把菜单要输入的内容都放进这里面
//功能
struct hint_menu {//桌面菜单使用!
char one_menu[25];
char two_menu[30];
char three_menu[30];
char four_menu[30];
char five_menu[25];
char six_menu[25];
char seven_menu[25];
};
//桌面菜单
void menu(void) {
//使用指针 chosen 指向我们的结构体 ,然后给它动态分配空间
// 类型 分配的大小
struct hint_menu* chosen = (struct hint_menu*)malloc(sizeof(struct hint_menu));
if (chosen) {//这里的if()可写可不写,我写了是划分代码块好看点
//存入要输入内容
//这里修改内容即可 , 想添加就去结构体那先添加一下数组
strcpy_s(chosen->one_menu, sizeof(chosen->one_menu), "1.录入学生信息");
strcpy_s(chosen->two_menu, sizeof(chosen->two_menu), "2.查看已录入的学生信息");
strcpy_s(chosen->three_menu, sizeof(chosen->three_menu), "3.修改已录入的学生信息");
strcpy_s(chosen->four_menu, sizeof(chosen->four_menu), "4.删除已录入的学生信息");
strcpy_s(chosen->five_menu, sizeof(chosen->five_menu), "5.保存至文件");
strcpy_s(chosen->six_menu, sizeof(chosen->six_menu), "6.指定查找");
strcpy_s(chosen->seven_menu, sizeof(chosen->seven_menu), "q.退出系统");
//其实这样比较麻烦
//你们可以直接定义一个字符串
//char inset[20] = "1.录入学生信息"; 以此类推
//输出你存入的内容
printf("\n\n\n\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t******************欢迎进入学生管理系统*******************\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t*\t\t %s\t\t\t\t*\n", chosen->one_menu);
printf("\t\t\t\t*\t\t %s \t\t*\n", chosen->two_menu);
printf("\t\t\t\t*\t\t %s \t\t*\n", chosen->three_menu);
printf("\t\t\t\t*\t\t %s \t\t*\n", chosen->four_menu);
printf("\t\t\t\t*\t\t %s \t\t\t\t*\n", chosen->five_menu);
printf("\t\t\t\t*\t\t %s \t\t\t\t*\n", chosen->six_menu);
printf("\t\t\t\t*\t\t %s \t\t\t\t*\n", chosen->seven_menu);
printf("\t\t\t\t*********************************************************\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t请输入你的选项1~6 and (q quit program):");
fflush(stdout);//刷新输出缓冲流
}
}
//功能实现 ,按钮互动
void keydown(struct Node* List) {
struct student info;
char num[12];
char choose,ch;
choose = enter();
switch (choose) {
case '1':
printf("\t\t\t\t******************录入学生信息******************\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t请输入要录入的学生:学号\t姓名\t性别\t年龄\t电话\t\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t请输入学号:");
scanf_s("%s",info.number, (unsigned int)sizeof(info.number));
printf("\t\t\t\t请输入姓名:");
scanf_s("%s",info.name,(int)sizeof(info.name));
printf("\t\t\t\t请输入%s的性别:",info.name);
scanf_s("%s",info.gender,(int)sizeof(info.gender));
printf("\t\t\t\t请输入%s的年龄:", info.name);
scanf_s("%hd", &info.age);
printf("\t\t\t\t请输入%s的电话:", info.name);
scanf_s("%s", info.tel, (int)sizeof(info.tel));
insertNodeByHead(List, info);
printf("\t\t\t\t录入完成! Done!");
break;
case '2':
printf("\t\t\t\t***************查看已录入学生信息************\n");
printfNode(List);
printf("\t\t\t\t一共有%d个人\n", LengthNode(List));
break;
case '3':
printf("\t\t\t\t******************修改学生信息*******************\n");
printfNode(List);
printf("\t\t\t\t请输入需要修改的学生学号:");
scanf_s("%s", num, (unsigned int)sizeof(num));
upDataNode(List,num);
break;
case '4':
printf("\t\t\t\t******************删除学生信息*******************\n");
printfNode(List);
printf("\t\t\t\t请输入需要删除的学生学号:");
scanf_s("%s",num,(unsigned int)sizeof(num));
deteleNodeAppoinNumber(List, num);
break;
case '5':
printf("\t\t\t\t******************保存至文件*******************\n");
weiteInfoToFile(List, "use_stu.txt");
printf("\t\t\t\t备份完成\n");
printf("\t\t\t\tDone\n");
break;
case '6':
printf("\t\t\t\t******************指定位置查找*******************\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t请输入想要查找的学生学号:");
scanf_s("%s",num, (unsigned int)sizeof(num));
printfToInput(List,num);
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDone\n");
break;
case '7':
printf("\t\t\t\t******************格式化链表*******************\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t*********************************\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t******************注意***********\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t********此操作无法撤回!**********\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t(确认请输入[Y] 取消请选择[q]):");
ch = enter();
switch (ch)
{
case 'Y':
formattedLinkedList(List);
weiteInfoToFile(List, "student.txt");
break;
case 'q':
printf("\t\t\t\t退出成功");
return;
break;
default:
printf("\t\t\t\t(确认请输入[Y] 取消请选择[q]):");
break;
}
break;
case 'q':
printf("\t\t\t\t正常退出系统成功\n");
exit(0);
break;
default:
printf("\n\t\t\t\t请重新输入(1~5 and (q quit program))\n");
break;
}
weiteInfoToFile(List,"student.txt");
}
创建源文件头文件 enter.h 部分
#pragma once //防止重复引用
#include "myList.h"
//处理写入
char enter(void); //函数声明
char enter(void) {
short count = 1;//次数
char input = getchar(); // 读取单个字符
fflush(stdin);//清空输入缓存区,防止读取后,又读取
for (int i = 1; i <= 12; i++) {//如果超过误输入超过13次,强制退出程序
if (input == '\n') {//如果读取的一直是回车,就会执行,否则返回该值
count++;
scanf_s("%c", &input, 3);
fflush(stdin);
if (count == 5) {
printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t别再调皮了!\n");
continue;
}
else if (count == 11) {
printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t别在摁回车键了!最后一次机会了\n");
continue;
}
else if (count == 13) {
printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t程序已强制退出!byebye");
exit(0);
}
}
else { return input; }
}
return 0;
}重头戏来咯
创建头文件 myList.h
#pragma once
//前面没有引用是应为这里都引用了,所以引用一次头文件就欧克了
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "enter.h"
//定义一个学生类型的结构体
struct student {
char name[20]; //姓名
char gender[3];//性别
char number[12]; //学号
char tel[12];//电话号码
short age;//年龄
//需要可以在添加
};
//结点
struct Node {
struct student data; //数据域
struct Node* next; //指针域
};
//创建链表
struct Node* createrList(void) {
struct Node* headNode = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
if (headNode) {
//初始化
headNode->next = NULL;
}
return headNode;
}
//创建结点
struct Node* createNode(struct student data) {
struct Node* newNode = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
if (newNode) {
//把数据存进去
newNode->data = data;
newNode->next = NULL;
}
return newNode;
}
//插入结点 参数:插入哪个链表 插入结点的数据是多少
void insertNodeByHead(struct Node* headNode, struct student data) {
//创建结点
struct Node* newNode = createNode(data);//赋值
//使插入的结点接在 headNode后面
newNode->next = headNode->next;
headNode->next = newNode;
}
//打印链表 也就是遍历
void printfNode(struct Node* headNode) {
struct Node* pMove = headNode->next;
printf("\t\t\t\t\t学号\t姓名\t性别\t年龄\t电话\n");
while (pMove != NULL) {
printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t%06s\t%s\t%s\t%hd\t%s", pMove->data.number, pMove->data.name, pMove->data.gender, pMove->data.age, pMove->data.tel);
pMove = pMove->next;
}
printf("\n");
}
//指定位置删除
void deteleNodeAppoinNumber(struct Node* headNode, char number[12]) {
struct Node* posNode = headNode->next;
struct Node* posFrontNode = headNode;
if (posNode == NULL) {
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t表中没有参数\n");
}
else {
while (strcmp(posNode->data.number,number)!=0) {//如果不是的话
posFrontNode = posNode;
posNode = posNode->next;
if (posNode == NULL) {//找到最后一个也没有找到
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t表中没有该学号的学生.\n");
return;
}
}
//找到了
posFrontNode->next = posNode->next;
free(posNode);
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\tDone it!\n");
}
}
//更新已录入内容
void upDataNode(struct Node* headNode, char number[12]) {
struct Node* posNode = headNode->next;
struct Node* posFrontNode = headNode;
struct student info;
char chosen;
if (posNode == NULL) {
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t无法修改,该表里面没有内容\n");
}
else {
while (strcmp(posNode->data.number,number)!=0) {
posFrontNode = posNode;
posNode = posNode->next;
if (posNode == NULL) {
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t该表中没有此学号的学生,无法修改\n");
return;
}
}
while (true) {
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入要修改什么选项:"
"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t(1.学号\t2.姓名\t3.性别\t4.年龄\t5.电话)"
"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t(如果不需要了选择'Q')\n-->:");
chosen = enter();
fflush(stdin);
switch (chosen) {
case '1':
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入需要更改的学生信息:\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入学号:");
scanf_s("%s", info.number,(int)sizeof(info.number));
strcpy_s(posNode->data.number, sizeof(posNode->data.number),info.number);
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\tDone!\n");
break;
case '2':
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入需要更改的学生信息:\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入姓名:");
scanf_s("%s", info.name, (int)sizeof(info.name));
fflush(stdin);
strcpy_s(posNode->data.name, sizeof(posNode->data.name), info.name);
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\tDone!\n");
break;
case '3':
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入%s的性别:", posNode->data.name);
scanf_s("%s", info.gender, (int)sizeof(info.gender));
fflush(stdin);
strcpy_s(posNode->data.gender, sizeof(posNode->data.gender), info.gender);
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\tDone!\n");
break;
case '4':
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入%s的年龄:", posNode->data.name);
scanf_s("%hd", &info.age);
posNode->data.age = info.age;
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\tDone!\n");
break;
case '5':
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入%s的电话:", posNode->data.name);
scanf_s("%s", info.tel, (int)sizeof(info.tel));
fflush(stdin);
strcpy_s(posNode->data.tel, sizeof(posNode->data.tel), info.tel);
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\tDone!\n");
break;
case'Q':
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t退出此选项");
return;
default:
printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t请重新输入(1~5 and (q quit ))\n");
break;
}
}
}
}
//指定位置查看
void printfToInput(struct Node* headNode, char number[12]) {
struct Node* posNode = headNode->next;
struct Node* posFrontNode = headNode;
if (posNode == NULL) {
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t该表为空\n");
}else {
while (strcmp(posNode->data.number,number)!=0) {
posFrontNode = posNode;
posNode = posNode->next;
if (posNode == NULL) {
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t没有找到该学生\n");
return;
}
}
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t学号\t姓名\t性别\t年龄\t电话\n");
printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t%06s\t%s\t%s\t%hd\t%s", posNode->data.number, posNode->data.name, posNode->data.gender, posNode->data.age, posNode->data.tel);
}
printf("\n");
}
//读文件
bool readInfoFromFile(struct Node* headNode, char* fileName) {
struct student data;
//打开文件
FILE* fp;
fopen_s(&fp, fileName, "r");
if (fp == NULL) {
fopen_s(&fp, fileName, "w+");
}
//2操作
if (fp == NULL) { return EOF; }
while (fscanf_s(fp, "%s\t%s\t%s\t%hd\t%s", data.number,(int)sizeof(data.number), data.name, (int)sizeof(data.name), data.gender, (int)sizeof(data.gender), &data.age, data.tel, (int)sizeof(data.tel)) != EOF) {
insertNodeByHead(headNode, data);
}
//关闭文件
if (fp == NULL) { return EOF; }
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}
//写文件
bool weiteInfoToFile(struct Node* headNode, char* fileName) {
FILE* fp;
fopen_s(&fp, fileName, "w");
struct Node* pMove = headNode->next;
while (pMove) {
if (fp == NULL) { return EOF; }
fprintf_s(fp, "\n\t\t\t\t\t\t %s\t%s\t%s\t%hd\t%s", pMove->data.number, pMove->data.name, pMove->data.gender, pMove->data.age, pMove->data.tel);
pMove = pMove->next;
}
if (fp == NULL) { return EOF; }
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}
//求链表长度
int LengthNode(struct Node* headNode) {
int lenth = 0;
struct Node* pMove = headNode->next;
while (pMove) {
lenth++;
pMove = pMove->next;
}
return lenth;
}
//格式化模式!
void formattedLinkedList(struct Node* headNode) {
struct Node* posNode ;
if (headNode == NULL) {
printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t该表为空\n");
}
else {
while (headNode != NULL) {
posNode = headNode->next;
free(headNode);
headNode = posNode;
}
}
}加载全部内容