C语言双向循环链表
MT_125 人气:0实现细节
1、带一个哨兵位(哨兵节点,初始节点,不存储有效数据,用来方便后期数据的存储与查找)
2、与单向链表不同的是,双向链表中每个数据节点包含两个指针,分别指向前后两个节点
3、双向链表是循环的,其尾节点后不是空指针,而是与头部的哨兵节点通过指针相连
辅助理解图
具体实现代码
1、对链表进行初始化
初始化:哨兵位的前后指针均指向哨兵节点本身
void ListInit(ListNode** pphead) { *pphead = (ListNode*)malloc(sizeof(ListNode)); if (*pphead == NULL) { perror("ListInit"); exit(-1); } (*pphead)->date = -1; (*pphead)->next = *pphead; (*pphead)->prev = *pphead; }
2、任意位置前的插入
注意:插入位置前后节点中的前后指针要进行相应的更换
void Any_insert(ListNode* pos,Listtype date) { ListNode* Prev = pos->prev; //建立新节点 ListNode* NewNode = (ListNode*)malloc(sizeof(ListNode)); if (NewNode == NULL) { perror("Any_insert"); exit(-1); } NewNode->date = date; NewNode->next = pos; pos->prev = NewNode; Prev->next = NewNode; NewNode->prev = Prev; }
3、任意位置的删除
细节点:当链表中没有数据时,就不用删除,因此需要建立一个函数进行判断
bool Determine(ListNode* pphead) {//判断链表中有无元素 assert(pphead); return pphead == pphead->next; } void Any_delet(ListNode* pos) { assert(!Determine(pos)); ListNode* Next = pos->next; ListNode* Prev = pos->prev; Next->prev = Prev; Prev->next = Next; free(pos); }
4、头插和尾删
此处的插入和删除,十分方便,即:对上面的任插和任删进行套用
头插如下:
void Head_insert(ListNode* pphead, Listtype date) { ListNode* NewNode = (ListNode*)malloc(sizeof(ListNode)); if (NewNode == NULL) { perror("Head_insert"); exit(-1); } //单独实现 //NewNode->date = date; //NewNode->prev = pphead; //NewNode->next = pphead->next; //pphead->next->prev = NewNode; //pphead->next = NewNode; //进行任插的复用 Any_insert(pphead->next ,date); }
尾删如下:
void Tail_delet(ListNode* pphead) { assert(pphead); //单独实现 //assert(Determine(pphead)); /*ListNode* tail = pphead->prev; if (tail != pphead) { ListNode* tailprev = tail->prev; tailprev->next = pphead; pphead->prev = tailprev; free(tail); }*/ //尾删的复用 Any_delet(pphead->prev); }
完整代码
头文件
#pragma once #include<stdio.h> #include<malloc.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<assert.h> #include<stdbool.h> typedef int Listtype; typedef struct ListNode { struct ListNode* prev; Listtype date; struct ListNode* next; }ListNode; void ListInit(ListNode** pphead); //链表初始化 void ListNode_ADD(ListNode* pphead, Listtype date); //尾插 void Head_insert(ListNode* pphead, Listtype date); //头插 void ListNode_Print(ListNode* pphead); //链表打印 void Tail_delet(ListNode* pphead); //尾删 bool Determine(ListNode* pphead); //判断表中有无数据 void Any_insert(ListNode* pos, Listtype date); //任插 void Any_delet(ListNode* pos); //任删 void List_Destory(ListNode* pos); //链表清空
具体函数
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1 #include "List.h" //链表打印 void ListNode_Print(ListNode* pphead) { assert(pphead); ListNode* phead = pphead; pphead = pphead->next; for (; pphead != phead; pphead = pphead->next) { printf("%d ", pphead->date); } printf("\n"); } bool Determine(ListNode* pphead) {//判断链表中有无元素 assert(pphead); return pphead == pphead->next; } //链表初始化 void ListInit(ListNode** pphead) { *pphead = (ListNode*)malloc(sizeof(ListNode)); if (*pphead == NULL) { perror("ListInit"); exit(-1); } (*pphead)->date = -1; (*pphead)->next = *pphead; (*pphead)->prev = *pphead; } //尾插 void ListNode_ADD(ListNode* pphead,Listtype date) { //ListNode* NewNode = (ListNode*)malloc(sizeof(ListNode)); //if (NewNode == NULL) //{ // perror("ADD_malloc"); // exit(-1); //} //NewNode->date = date; //NewNode->prev = pphead->prev; //pphead->prev->next = NewNode; //pphead->prev = NewNode; //NewNode->next = pphead; //任插的复用 Any_insert(pphead, date); } void Head_insert(ListNode* pphead, Listtype date) { ListNode* NewNode = (ListNode*)malloc(sizeof(ListNode)); if (NewNode == NULL) { perror("Head_insert"); exit(-1); } //NewNode->date = date; //NewNode->prev = pphead; //NewNode->next = pphead->next; //pphead->next->prev = NewNode; //pphead->next = NewNode; //进行任插的复用 Any_insert(pphead->next ,date); } void Tail_delet(ListNode* pphead) { assert(pphead); //assert(Determine(pphead)); /*ListNode* tail = pphead->prev; if (tail != pphead) { ListNode* tailprev = tail->prev; tailprev->next = pphead; pphead->prev = tailprev; free(tail); }*/ //尾删的复用 Any_delet(pphead->prev); } //在任意位置前插入 void Any_insert(ListNode* pos,Listtype date) { ListNode* Prev = pos->prev; ListNode* NewNode = (ListNode*)malloc(sizeof(ListNode)); if (NewNode == NULL) { perror("Any_insert"); exit(-1); } NewNode->date = date; NewNode->next = pos; pos->prev = NewNode; Prev->next = NewNode; NewNode->prev = Prev; } //任意位置删除 void Any_delet(ListNode* pos) { assert(!Determine(pos)); ListNode* Next = pos->next; ListNode* Prev = pos->prev; Next->prev = Prev; Prev->next = Next; free(pos); } //链表清空 void List_Destory(ListNode* pos) { ListNode* head = pos,*Prev = pos->prev; for (pos = pos->prev; head != pos;pos = Prev) { Prev = pos->prev; Any_delet(pos); } printf("\n清空完成\n"); }
测试
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1 #include "List.h" void ListTest(ListNode** pphead) { ListInit(pphead); Head_insert(*pphead, 60); Head_insert(*pphead, 100); Head_insert(*pphead, 60); Head_insert(*pphead, 50); ListNode_Print(*pphead); Tail_delet(*pphead); Tail_delet(*pphead); Tail_delet(*pphead); ListNode_Print(*pphead); } int main() { ListNode* pphead = NULL; ListTest(&pphead); return 0 ; }
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