springboot加解密
ldcaws 人气:0在系统开发中，需要对请求和响应分别拦截下来进行解密和加密处理，在springboot中提供了RequestBodyAdviceAdapter和ResponseBodyAdvice，利用这两个工具可以非常方便的对请求和响应进行预处理。
1、新建一个springboot工程，pom依赖如下
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>2、自定义加密、解密的注解
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface Encrypt {
}
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.PARAMETER})
public @interface Decrypt {
}其中加密注解放在方法上，解密注解可以放在方法上，也可以放在参数上。
3、加密算法
定义一个加密工具类，加密算法分为对称加密和非对称加密，本次使用java自带的Ciphor来实现对称加密，使用AES算法，如下
public class AESUtils {
private static final String AES_ALGORITHM = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";
private static final String key = "1234567890abcdef";
/**
* 获取 cipher
* @param key
* @param model
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
private static Cipher getCipher(byte[] key, int model) throws Exception {
SecretKeySpec secretKeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key, "AES");
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AES_ALGORITHM);
cipher.init(model, secretKeySpec);
return cipher;
}
/**
* AES加密
* @param data
* @param key
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String encrypt(byte[] data, byte[] key) throws Exception {
Cipher cipher = getCipher(key, Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE);
return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(cipher.doFinal(data));
}
/**
* AES解密
* @param data
* @param key
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] data, byte[] key) throws Exception {
Cipher cipher = getCipher(key, Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE);
return cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(data));
}
}
其中加密后的数据使用Base64算法进行编码，获取可读字符串；解密的输入也是一个Base64编码之后的字符串，先进行解码再进行解密。
4、对请求数据进行解密处理
@EnableConfigurationProperties(KeyProperties.class)
@ControllerAdvice
public class DecryptRequest extends RequestBodyAdviceAdapter {
@Autowired
private KeyProperties keyProperties;
/**
* 该方法用于判断当前请求，是否要执行beforeBodyRead方法
*
* @param methodParameter handler方法的参数对象
* @param targetType handler方法的参数类型
* @param converterType 将会使用到的Http消息转换器类类型
* @return 返回true则会执行beforeBodyRead
*/
@Override
public boolean supports(MethodParameter methodParameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {
return methodParameter.hasMethodAnnotation(Decrypt.class) || methodParameter.hasParameterAnnotation(Decrypt.class);
}
/**
* 在Http消息转换器执转换，之前执行
* @param inputMessage
* @param parameter
* @param targetType
* @param converterType
* @return 返回 一个自定义的HttpInputMessage
* @throws IOException
*/
@Override
public HttpInputMessage beforeBodyRead(final HttpInputMessage inputMessage, MethodParameter parameter, Type targetType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) throws IOException {
byte[] body = new byte[inputMessage.getBody().available()];
inputMessage.getBody().read(body);
try {
byte[] keyBytes = keyProperties.getKey().getBytes();
byte[] decrypt = AESUtils.decrypt(body, keyBytes);
final ByteArrayInputStream byteArrayInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(decrypt);
return new HttpInputMessage() {
@Override
public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
return byteArrayInputStream;
}
@Override
public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
return inputMessage.getHeaders();
}
};
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return super.beforeBodyRead(inputMessage, parameter, targetType, converterType);
}
}
5、对响应数据进行加密处理
@EnableConfigurationProperties(KeyProperties.class)
@ControllerAdvice
public class EncryptResponse implements ResponseBodyAdvice<RespBean> {
private ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
@Autowired
private KeyProperties keyProperties;
/**
* 该方法用于判断当前请求的返回值，是否要执行beforeBodyWrite方法
*
* @param methodParameter handler方法的参数对象
* @param converterType 将会使用到的Http消息转换器类类型
* @return 返回true则会执行beforeBodyWrite
*/
@Override
public boolean supports(MethodParameter methodParameter, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterType) {
return methodParameter.hasMethodAnnotation(Encrypt.class);
}
/**
* 在Http消息转换器执转换，之前执行
* @param body
* @param returnType
* @param selectedContentType
* @param selectedConverterType
* @param request
* @param response
* @return 返回 一个自定义的HttpInputMessage，可以为null，表示没有任何响应
*/
@Override
public RespBean beforeBodyWrite(RespBean body, MethodParameter returnType, MediaType selectedContentType, Class<? extends HttpMessageConverter<?>> selectedConverterType, ServerHttpRequest request, ServerHttpResponse response) {
byte[] keyBytes = keyProperties.getKey().getBytes();
try {
if (body.getMsg() != null) {
body.setMsg(AESUtils.encrypt(body.getMsg().getBytes(), keyBytes));
}
if (body.getObj() != null) {
body.setObj(AESUtils.encrypt(objectMapper.writeValueAsBytes(body.getObj()), keyBytes));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return body;
}
}
6、加解密的key的配置类，从配置文件中读取
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.encrypt")
public class KeyProperties {
private final static String DEFAULT_KEY = "1234567890abcdef";
private String key = DEFAULT_KEY;
public String getKey() {
return key;
}
public void setKey(String key) {
this.key = key;
}
}
7、测试
application中的key配置
spring.encrypt.key=1234567890abcdef
@GetMapping("/user")
@Encrypt
public RespBean getUser() {
User user = new User();
user.setId(1L);
user.setUsername("caocao");
return RespBean.ok("ok", user);
}
@PostMapping("/user")
public RespBean addUser(@RequestBody @Decrypt User user) {
System.out.println("user = " + user);
return RespBean.ok("ok", user);
}
测试结果
其中get请求的接口使用了@Encrypt注解，对响应数据进行了加密处理；post请求的接口使用了@Decrypt注解作用在参数上，对请求数据进行了解密处理。
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