Java图书管理系统
plplpl1 人气:0一、简介
实现此项目的目的是巩固并理解前面的知识点:类，抽象类，封装，继承，多态，接口等
二、核心需求
管理端
查阅书籍
增加书籍
删除书籍
打印书籍列表
退出系统
用户端
查询书籍
借阅书籍
归还书籍
打印书籍列表
退出系统
三、类的设计
1. 创建图书类
图书类中包含图书的名称，价格，类型，作者和是否被借出等信息，并生成构造方法，Getter()和Setter()方法，toString方法(注意成员变量应该尽可能使用private关键字修饰)
public class Book {
private String name;
private double price;
private String type;
private String author;
private boolean isBorrowed;
public Book(String name, double price, String type, String author) {
this.name = name;
this.price = price;
this.type = type;
this.author = author;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(double price) {
this.price = price;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public boolean isBorrowed() {
return isBorrowed;
}
public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
isBorrowed = borrowed;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
", type='" + type + '\'' +
", author='" + author + '\'' +
", 状态:" +((isBorrowed) ? "已借出":"未借出")+
'}';
}
}
2. 创建图书列表类
图书列表类用于存放图书，我们可以先在列表中初始化几本书以方便后续测试
public class BookList {
private Book[] books = new Book[10];
private int usedSize;
public BookList(){
books[0] = new Book("三国演义",19,"小说","罗贯中");
books[1] = new Book("水浒传",29,"小说","施耐庵");
books[2] = new Book("西游记",39,"小说","吴承恩");
usedSize = 3;
}
public int getUsedSize() {
return usedSize;
}
public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
this.usedSize = usedSize;
}
public Book getBook(int pos){
return books[pos];
}
public void setBook(int pos,Book book) {
books[pos] = book;
}
}
3. 创建用户类
创建一个用户类并将其定义为抽象类，再创建普通用户类和管理员类继承于用户类:
创建用户类并定义为抽象类:
public abstract class User {
protected String name;
protected IOperation[] iOperations;
public abstract int menu();
public void doWork(int choice, BookList bookList){
iOperations[choice].work(bookList);
}
public User(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
创建管理员用户类:
public class AdminUser extends User{
public AdminUser(String name) {
super(name);
this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{
new ExitOperation(),
new FindOperation(),
new AddOperation(),
new DisplayOperation(),
new DelOperation()
};
}
@Override
public int menu(){
System.out.println("===========管理员菜单============");
System.out.println("您好, 管理员 "+this.name+":");
System.out.println("欢迎来到图书馆!");
System.out.println("1. 查找图书");
System.out.println("2. 新增图书");
System.out.println("3. 显示图书");
System.out.println("4. 删除图书");
System.out.println("0. 退出系统");
System.out.println("=================================");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}
创建普通用户类:
public class NormalUser extends User{
public NormalUser(String name) {
super(name);
this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{
new ExitOperation(),
new DisplayOperation(),
new FindOperation(),
new BorrowOperation(),
new ReturnOperation(),
};
}
@Override
public int menu(){
System.out.println("===========普通用户菜单============");
System.out.println("您好，用户 "+this.name+":");
System.out.println("欢迎来到图书馆!");
System.out.println("1. 显示图书");
System.out.println("2. 查找图书");
System.out.println("3. 借阅图书");
System.out.println("4. 归还图书");
System.out.println("0. 退出系统");
System.out.println("=================================");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}
4. 创建操作相关的类
首先创建一个接口用于实现多态:
public interface IOperation {
void work(BookList bookList);
}
创建添加书籍类:
public class AddOperation implements IOperation{
public void work(BookList bookList) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入图书名称:");
String name = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入价格:");
double price = scanner.nextDouble();
System.out.println("请输入类型:");
String type = scanner.next();
System.out.println("请输入作者:");
String author = scanner.next();
Book book = new Book(name,price,type,author);
int usedSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
bookList.setBook(usedSize,book);
bookList.setUsedSize(++usedSize);
System.out.println("添加图书成功!");
}
}
创建查找书籍类:
public class FindOperation implements IOperation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("请输入书名:");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = scanner.next();
for(int i=0;i<bookList.getUsedSize();i++){
Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
if(name.equals(book.getName())){
System.out.println(book);
return;
}
}
System.out.println("找不到 《"+name+"》 这本书");
}
}
创建借阅书籍类:
public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation {
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("请输入你要借阅的书籍:");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = scanner.next();
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize() - 1; i++) {
Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
if (name.equals(book.getName()) && !book.isBorrowed()) {
book.setBorrowed(true);
System.out.println("借阅成功!");
return;
}
if (name.equals(book.getName()) && book.isBorrowed()) {
System.out.println("该书籍已被借出");
return;
}
}
System.out.println("找不到你要借阅的书籍!");
}
}
创建归还书籍类:
public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("请输入你要归还的书籍:");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = scanner.next();
int i=0;
for(i=0;i<bookList.getUsedSize()-1;i++){
Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
if(name.equals(book.getName())&& book.isBorrowed()){
book.setBorrowed(false);
System.out.println("归还成功!");
return;
}
if(name.equals(book.getName())&& !book.isBorrowed()){
System.out.println("此书处于未借出状态!");
return;
}
}
System.out.println("找不到你要归还的书籍!");
}
}
创建删除书籍类:
public class DelOperation implements IOperation{
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("请输入要删除的书名:");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = scanner.next();
int index = 0;
int i = 0;
for(i=0;i<bookList.getUsedSize();i++){
Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
if(name.equals(book.getName())){
index = i;
break;
}
}
if(i>=bookList.getUsedSize()) {
System.out.println("找不到这本书");
return;
}
int j = 0;
for (j = index;j< bookList.getUsedSize()-1;j++){
Book book = bookList.getBook(j+1);
bookList.setBook(j,book);
}
bookList.setBook(bookList.getUsedSize()-1, null);
bookList.setUsedSize(bookList.getUsedSize()-1);
System.out.println("删除成功!");
}
}
创建打印书籍列表类:
public class DisplayOperation implements IOperation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
int usedSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
for (int i=0;i<usedSize;i++){
Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
System.out.println(book);
}
}
}
退出系统类:
public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("退出系统!");
System.exit(0);
}
}
主函数类:
public class Main {
public static User work(){
System.out.println("请输入您的姓名:");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String name = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入身份: 1-> 管理员登录 0-> 用户登录");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
if(choice==1){
return new AdminUser(name);
}
return new NormalUser(name);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
BookList bookList = new BookList();
User user = work();
while (true) {
int choice = user.menu();
user.doWork(choice, bookList);
}
}
}
The end
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