Java连接池Druid
咏吟 人气:0前言:
Druid 连接池是阿里巴巴开源的数据库连接池项目，Druid 为监控而生，内置强大的监控功能，监控特性不影响性能，官网地址为：https://github.com/alibaba/druid/wiki/,本文主要介绍 Druid 的基本使用，文中使用到的软件版本：Java 1.8.0_191、Druid 1.2.8、Spring Boot 2.3.12.RELEASE。
1、配置参数
Druid 连接池的配置参数兼容 DBCP，个别配置的语意有所区别。
2、使用
2.1、直接使用
2.1.1、引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.2.8</version>
</dependency>
2.1.2、使用例子
package com.abc.demo.general.dbpool;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class DruidCase {
public static void main(String[] args) {
DruidDataSource druidDataSource = new DruidDataSource();
Connection connection = null;
try {
druidDataSource.setName("测试连接池");
druidDataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
druidDataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://10.40.9.11:3306/mydb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8");
druidDataSource.setUsername("root");
druidDataSource.setPassword("123456");
druidDataSource.setInitialSize(2);
druidDataSource.setMinIdle(2);
druidDataSource.setMaxActive(5);
druidDataSource.setValidationQuery("select 1");
druidDataSource.setTestWhileIdle(true);
druidDataSource.setTestOnBorrow(true);
druidDataSource.setTestOnReturn(false);
druidDataSource.setMaxWait(6000);
druidDataSource.setFilters("slf4j");
connection = druidDataSource.getConnection();
Statement st = connection.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select version()");
if (rs.next()) {
System.out.println(rs.getString(1));
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
close(connection);
}
//实际使用中一般是在应用启动时初始化数据源，应用从数据源中获取连接；并不会关闭数据源。
druidDataSource.close();
}
private static void close(Connection connection) {
if (connection != null) {
try {
connection.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
2.2、在 SpringBoot 中使用
2.1.1、引入依赖
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath />
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.2.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2.1.2、单数据源
application.yml 配置：
spring:
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://10.40.9.11:3306/mydb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
username: root
password: 123456
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
druid:
initial-size: 2
min-idle: 2
max-active: 5
validation-query: select 1
test-while-idle: true
test-on-borrow: true
test-on-return: false
max-wait: 6000
filter: slf4j
使用：
@Autowired private DataSource dataSource;
2.1.3、多数据源
application.yml 配置：
spring:
datasource:
druid:
db1:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://10.140.9.11:3306/mydb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
username: root
password: 123456
initial-size: 2
min-idle: 2
max-active: 5
validation-query: select 1
test-while-idle: true
test-on-borrow: true
test-on-return: false
max-wait: 6000
filter: slf4j
db2:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://10.40.9.12:3306/mydb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
username: root
password: 123456
initial-size: 2
min-idle: 2
max-active: 5
validation-query: select 1
test-while-idle: true
test-on-borrow: true
test-on-return: false
max-wait: 6000
filter: slf4j
数据源配置类：
package com.abc.demo.config;
import com.alibaba.druid.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DruidDataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@Configuration
public class DataSourceConfig {
@Primary
@Bean("dataSource1")
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.druid.db1")
public DataSource dataSourceOne(){
return DruidDataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
@Bean("dataSource2")
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.druid.db2")
public DataSource dataSourceTwo(){
return DruidDataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
}
使用：
@Autowired
@Qualifier("dataSource1")
private DataSource dataSource1;
@Autowired
@Qualifier("dataSource2")
private DataSource dataSource2;
2.1.4、开启监控功能
Druid 内置了一些监控，Spring Boot 环境下通过少量配置就可开启这些功能。
application.yml 配置：
spring:
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://10.40.9.11:3306/mydb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
username: root
password: InsYR0ot187!
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
druid:
initial-size: 2
min-idle: 2
max-active: 5
validation-query: select 1
test-while-idle: true
test-on-borrow: true
test-on-return: false
max-wait: 6000
filter: slf4j,stat,wall #启用日志、监控统计、防火墙功能
web-stat-filter: #web监控配置
enabled: true
stat-view-servlet: #监控页面配置
enabled: true
url-pattern: /druid/*
监控页面：
Spring Boot 中集成 Druid 的详细说明可以参考官网文档：https://hub.fastgit.org/alibaba/druid/tree/master/druid-spring-boot-starter
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