springboot 自定义异常 springboot 自定义异常并捕获异常返给前端的实现代码
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背景
在开发中,如果用try catch的方式,每个方法都需要单独实现,为了方便分类异常,返回给前端,采用了@ControllerAdvice注解和继承了RuntimeException的方式来实现。
实现内容
捕获了三类异常
1.业务异常
BusinessException
2.系统异常
SystemException
3.其他异常
利用@ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)去捕获
ExceptionAdvice类捕获以上三类异常,并返回自定义类型格式数据
实现代码
业务异常BusinessException类实现方式,继承RuntimeException
public class BusinessException extends RuntimeException { /** * 错误编码 */ private String code; public BusinessException() { super(); } public BusinessException(String message) { super(message); } public BusinessException(String code, String message) { super(message); this.code = code; } public BusinessException(Throwable cause) { super(cause); } public BusinessException(String message, Throwable cause) { super(message, cause); } public BusinessException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) { super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace); } public String getCode() { return code; } public void setCode(String code) { this.code = code; } @Override public String getMessage() { return super.getMessage(); } @Override public String toString() { return this.code + ":" + this.getMessage(); } }
系统异常SystemException类实现方式,继承RuntimeException,同业务异常类的实现方式一样
public class SystemException extends RuntimeException { /** * 错误编码 */ private String code; public SystemException() { super(); } public SystemException(String message) { super(message); } public SystemException(String code, String message) { super(message); this.code = code; } public SystemException(Throwable cause) { super(cause); } public SystemException(String message, Throwable cause) { super(message, cause); } public SystemException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) { super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace); } public String getCode() { return code; } public void setCode(String code) { this.code = code; } @Override public String getMessage() { return super.getMessage(); } @Override public String toString() { return this.code + ":" + this.getMessage(); } }
ExceptionAdvice类,采用增强Controller注解 @ControllerAdvice的方式来实现
1.方法名称和返回类型都可以根据自己需要定义;
2.采用注解@ExceptionHandler,就是捕获的异常类型,我们只需要把需要捕获异常类型写进来就好
ExceptionAdvice 具体代码实现如下:
import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; @ControllerAdvice public class ExceptionAdvice { public static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExceptionAdvice.class); @ResponseBody @ExceptionHandler(SystemException.class) public Result handleException(Exception e) { logger.error("系统异常信息:", e); Result result = new Result(); if (e instanceof BusinessException) { e = (BusinessException) e; result.setCode(((BusinessException) e).getCode()); } result.setFailed(e.getMessage()); return result; } @ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class) @ResponseBody public Result handleException(RuntimeException e) { logger.error("异常信息:", e.getMessage()); Result result = new Result(); result.setStatus(500); result.setMessage(e.getMessage()); return result; } @ExceptionHandler(BusinessException.class) @ResponseBody public AjaxJson doBusinessException(Exception e) { AjaxJson ajaxJson = new AjaxJson(); logger.error("业务异常消息:", e.getMessage()); ajaxJson.setRet(-1); ajaxJson.setMsg(e.getMessage()); return ajaxJson; } }
测试代码
1.我们捕获一个业务异常BusinessException,输出aaa
2.捕获系统异常
throw new SystemException("aaaa");
3.其他的try catch的异常,这个就可以捕获了
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