SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ及生产全场景高级特性实战
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摘要
整合场景含 topic 工作模式(通过 routingKey 可满足简单/工作队列/发布订阅/路由等四种工作模式)和 confirm(消息确认)、return(消息返回)、basicAck(消息签收)、basicNack(拒绝签收)、DLX(Dead Letter Exchange死信队列)实现延时/定时任务等。
整合
依赖与配置
以下内容消费者同生产者
<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>
server.port=8090 spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.168.10 spring.rabbitmq.port=5672 spring.rabbitmq.username=zheng123 spring.rabbitmq.password=zheng123 spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/zheng spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true spring.rabbitmq.listener.direct.acknowledge-mode=manual
生产者配置消息队列规则
下边是两种配置方式,本次整合示例中使用第一个配置
@Configuration public class TopicConfig { // 声明队列 @Bean public Queue topicQ1() { return new Queue("topic_sb_mq_q1"); } // 声明队列并绑定该队列到死信交换机(返回值有两种写法,任选一种都可以) // 测试死信需要关闭原队列的监听 @Bean public Queue topicQ2() { return QueueBuilder.durable("topic_sb_mq_q2") .withArgument("x-dead-letter-exchange", "topicExchange") .withArgument("x-dead-letter-routing-key", "changsha.f") .withArgument("x-message-ttl", 10000) .build(); Map<String,Object> arguments = new HashMap<>(2); arguments.put("x-dead-letter-exchange","topicExchange"); arguments.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key","changsha.f"); arguments.put("x-message-ttl",10000); return new Queue("topic_sb_mq_q2",true,false,false,arguments); } //声明exchange @Bean public TopicExchange setTopicExchange() { return new TopicExchange("topicExchange"); } //声明binding,需要声明一个routingKey @Bean public Binding bindTopicHebei1() { return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQ1()).to(setTopicExchange()).with("changsha.*"); } @Bean public Binding bindTopicHebei2() { return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQ2()).to(setTopicExchange()).with("#.beijing"); } }
@Configuration public class RabbitMqConfig { //定义交换机的名字 public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "boot_topic_exchange"; //定义队列的名字 public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "boot_queue"; //1、声明交换机 @Bean("bootExchange") public Exchange bootExchange(){ return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME).durable(true).build(); } //2、声明队列 @Bean("bootQueue") public Queue bootQueue(){ return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_NAME).build(); } //3、队列与交换机进行绑定 @Bean public Binding bindQueueExchange(@Qualifier("bootQueue") Queue queue, @Qualifier("bootExchange") Exchange exchange){ // topic模式兼容广播模式,路由模式。with("#")则类似广播模式匹配所有订阅者;with("boot.1")则类似路由模式匹配指定订阅者 return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("boot.#").noargs(); } }
生产者发布消息
@RestController public class ProducerController { @Autowired private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; @GetMapping(value="/topicSend") public Object topicSend(String routingKey,String message) throws AmqpException, UnsupportedEncodingException { // 定义 confirm 回调 rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback((correlationData, ack, cause) -> { if (ack) { // confirmed } else { // nack-ed } }); rabbitTemplate.setMandatory(true); rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback((msg, replyCode, replyText, exchange, routKey)->{ // return message }); if(null == routingKey) { routingKey="changsha.kf"; } MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties(); messageProperties.setContentType(MessageProperties.CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_PLAIN); //fanout模式只往exchange里发送消息。分发到exchange下的所有queue rabbitTemplate.send("topicExchange", routingKey, new Message(message.getBytes("UTF-8"),messageProperties)); return "message sended : routingKey >"+routingKey+";message > "+message; } }
消费者监听消息
@Component public class ConcumerReceiver { //topic 模式 //注意这个模式会有优先匹配原则。例如发送routingKey=hunan.IT,那匹配到hunan.*(hunan.IT,hunan.eco),之后就不会再去匹配*.ITd @RabbitListener(queues="topic_sb_mq_q1") public void topicReceiveq1(String msg,Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException { // 消息id long deliveryTag = message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(); try { // message.getBody() todosomething // 签收消息 channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, true); } catch (Exception e) { // 拒绝签收 // 第三个参数:requeue:重回队列。如果设置为true,则消息重新回到queue,broker会重新发送该消息给消费端 channel.basicNack(deliveryTag, true, true); } } @RabbitListener(queues="topic_sb_mq_q2") public void topicReceiveq2(String message) { System.out.println("Topic模式 topic_sb_mq_q2 received message : " +message); } }
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