python requests接口测试 关于python实现requests接口测试的问题
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requests接口测试的介绍
requests是一个很实用的Python HTTP客户端库,编写爬虫和测试服务器响应数据时经常会用到,Requests是Python语言的第三方的库,专门用于发送HTTP请求
requests接口测试的使用前提
pip install requests
1.requests中的get请求
1 GET无参请求
r = requests.get('http://www.baidu.com')
案例:
import requests class Classrequset: def Claete(self): r = requests.get('http://www.baidu.com') print(r.text) a=Classrequset() a.Claete()
2.GET传参
payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2', 'key3': None} r = requests.get('http://www.baidu.com ', params=payload)
案例:
def XWTTMethod(self): params = {"type": "guonei", "key": "4b72107de3a197b3bafd9adacf685790"} r = requests.get("http://v.juhe.cn/toutiao/index", params=params) print(r.text) a=Classrequset() a.XWTTMethod()
2.requests中的post请求
payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'} r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload)
案例:
def XWTTMethodpost(self): uripost="http://v.juhe.cn/toutiao/index" datapost={"type":"youxi","page":"1","size":"10","key":"ff64bdb75dd1fbc636724101514cfbe7"} r =requests.post(url=uripost,data=datapost) print(r.text) # print(r.status_code) #这是查看状态码的 a=Classrequset() a.XWTTMethodpost()
3.Requests响应
r.status_code 响应状态码 r.heards 响应头 r.cookies 响应cookies r.text 响应文本 r. encoding 当前编码 r. content 以字节形式(二进制)返回
最常用的是根据响应状态码判断接口是否连通,经常用于做接口中断言判断
4.Request扩充
1:添加等待时间 requests.get(url,timeout=1) #超过等待时间则报错 2:添加请求头信息 requests.get(url,headers=headers) #设置请求头 3:添加文件 requests.post(url, files=files) #添加文件
文件传输
url = 'http://httpbin.org/post' files = {'file': open('report.xls', 'rb')} r = requests.post(url, files=files)
5.python实现requests+pytest+allure的操作
1 流程如下
读取文件中的数据 requests拿到数据请求接口返回状态码通过断言验证返回状态码和200对比生成allure的测试报告
6.读取csv文件流程
1 存储数据(csv)
2 读取数据(readDemo)
import csv class ReadCsv(): def readCsv(self): item = [] rr = csv.reader(open("../request/1212223.csv")) for csv_i in rr: item.append(csv_i) return item a=ReadCsv() print(a.readCsv())
3 request请求接口返回状态码
from request.dataDemo import ReadCsv import requests r=ReadCsv() ee=r.readCsv() ltms=[] class RequestClass: def requesthome(self): for a in ee: if a[2]=="get": ss=requests.get(url=a[0],params=a[1]) ltms.append(ss.status_code) else: ss=requests.post(url=a[0],data=a[1]) ltms.append(ss.status_code) return ltms q=RequestClass() print(q.requesthome())
4 pytest断言设置并结合allure生成测试报告
import pytest, allure, os from request.request03_csv import RequestClass r = RequestClass() aa = r.requesthome() class TestRequest: def testcvsHose(self): for s in aa: assert s == 200 if __name__ == '__main__': pytest.main(['--alluredir','report/result','requests_test.py']) split = 'allure ' + 'generate ' + './report/result ' + '-o ' + './report/html ' + '--clean' os.system(split)
5 测试报告展示
7.读取excle文件流程
1 存储数据(xlsx)
2 读取数据(readDemo)
from openpyxl import load_workbook class UseExcel(): def get_TestExcel(self): # 打开表 workbook = load_workbook('./777.xlsx') # 定位表单 sheet = workbook['Sheet1'] print(sheet.max_row) #3 行 print(sheet.max_column) #3 列 test_data = []#把所有行的数据放到列表中 for i in range(2,sheet.max_row+1): sub_data = {}#把每行的数据放到字典中 for j in range(1,sheet.max_column+1): sub_data[sheet.cell(1,j).value] = sheet.cell(i,j).value test_data.append(sub_data)#拼接每行单元格的数据 return test_data t = UseExcel() f = t.get_TestExcel() print(f)
3.request请求接口返回状态码
import requests from request.requestxls import UseExcel a=UseExcel() f = a.get_TestExcel() item = [] class Use_Requestexcel(): def qualification_mord(self): for excel_i in f: if excel_i["method"] == "get": rr = requests.get(url=excel_i["url"],params=excel_i["paras"]) item.append(rr.status_code) else: rr = requests.post(url=excel_i["url"],data=excel_i["paras"]) item.append(rr.status_code) return item r=Use_Requestexcel()
4 pytest断言设置并结合allure生成测试报告
import pytest, allure, os from request.requestextes import Use_Requestexcel r = Use_Requestexcel() aa = r.qualification_mord() print(aa) class Testrequest: def testcvsHose(self): for s in aa: assert s == 200 if __name__ == '__main__': pytest.main(['--alluredir','report/result','test_req.py']) split = 'allure ' + 'generate ' + './report/result ' + '-o ' + './report/html ' + '--clean' os.system(split)
5 测试报告展示
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