springboot使用@JsonSerialize springboot @JsonSerialize的使用讲解
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@JsonSerialize的使用讲解
解决前端显示和后台存储数据单位不一致的问题。
在返回对象时,进行自定义数据格式转换。
1.写一个类继承JsonSerializer 抽象类
实现其serialize()方法,然后在方法中写入转换规则即可
举例是把Date时间戳从 毫秒 转换成 秒 为单位
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonSerializer; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Date; /** * @program: sell * @description: 时间转换Json序列化工具 * @author: Liang Shan * @create: 2019-08-06 16:58 **/ public class Date2LongSerializer extends JsonSerializer<Date> { @Override public void serialize(Date date, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator, SerializerProvider serializerProvider) throws IOException { jsonGenerator.writeNumber(date.getTime() / 1000); } }
2.然后在传输的实体类中的属性上
打上@JsonSerialize注解即可
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize; import com.ls.sell.enums.OrderStatusEnum; import com.ls.sell.enums.PayStatusEnum; import com.ls.sell.util.serializer.Date2LongSerializer; import lombok.Data; import org.hibernate.annotations.DynamicUpdate; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.Id; import java.math.BigDecimal; import java.util.Date; /** * @program: sell * @description: 订单主表 * @author: Liang Shan * @create: 2019-07-24 09:44 **/ @Entity @Data @DynamicUpdate public class OrderMaster { @Id private String orderId; private String buyerName; private String buyerPhone; private String buyerAddress; private String buyerOpenid; private BigDecimal orderAmount; /** 订单状态,默认为新下单. */ private Integer orderStatus = OrderStatusEnum.NEW.getCode(); /** 支付状态,默认为0未支付. */ private Integer payStatus = PayStatusEnum.WAIT.getCode(); @JsonSerialize(using = Date2LongSerializer.class) private Date createTime; @JsonSerialize(using = Date2LongSerializer.class) private Date updateTime; }
3.附加:还有一个比较好用的注解
如果返回对象中变量存在null,可以使用@JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL)注解来忽略为null的变量,这样前端比较好处理
package com.ls.sell.dto; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize; import com.ls.sell.entity.OrderDetail; import com.ls.sell.entity.OrderMaster; import lombok.Data; import java.util.List; /** * @program: sell * @description: 数据传输对象,传给前端时忽略值为null的属性 * @author: Liang Shan * @create: 2019-07-25 16:05 **/ @Data @JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL) public class OrderDTO extends OrderMaster { private List<OrderDetail> orderDetailList; }
使用注解之前的返回值:
使用注解之后:
还是比较好用的。
4.附加:之前附件3的注解,还是有个问题
如果一个一个实体类配置的话,未免太过麻烦,所以可以在配置文件中直接配置,yml配置文件如下:
@JsonSerialize 相关使用(jsonUtil)
基础注解使用
1、实现JsonSerializer接口
例:
public class MySerializerUtils extends JsonSerializer<Integer> { @Override public void serialize(Integer status, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator, SerializerProvider serializerProvider) throws IOException, JsonProcessingException { String statusStr = ""; switch (status) { case 0: statusStr = "新建状态"; break; } jsonGenerator.writeString(statusStr); } }
2、添加注解
注:@JsonSerialize注解,主要应用于数据转换,该注解作用在该属性的getter()方法上。
①用在属性上(自定义的例子)
@JsonSerialize(using = MySerializerUtils.class) private int status;
②用在属性上(jackson自带的用法)
@JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") @JsonDeserialize(using = LocalDateTimeDeserializer.class) @JsonSerialize(using = LocalDateTimeSerializer.class) private LocalDateTime sendTime;
③用在空对象上可以转化
@JsonSerialize public class XxxxxBody { // 该对象暂无字段,直接new了返回 }
框架层面的使用
jsonUtil工具类
实现json转换时所有的null转为“”
1、实现JsonSerializer类
public class CustomizeNullJsonSerializer { public static class NullStringJsonSerializer extends JsonSerializer<Object> { @Override public void serialize(Object value, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator, SerializerProvider serializerProvider) throws IOException { jsonGenerator.writeString(""); } } }
2、实现BeanSerializerModifier类
public class CustomizeBeanSerializerModifier extends BeanSerializerModifier { @Override public List<BeanPropertyWriter> changeProperties(SerializationConfig config, BeanDescription beanDesc, List<BeanPropertyWriter> beanProperties) { for (int i = 0; i < beanProperties.size(); i++) { BeanPropertyWriter writer = beanProperties.get(i); if (isStringType(writer)) { writer.assignNullSerializer(new CustomizeNullJsonSerializer.NullStringJsonSerializer()); } } return beanProperties; } /** * 是否是String */ private boolean isStringType(BeanPropertyWriter writer) { Class<?> clazz = writer.getType().getRawClass(); return CharSequence.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz) || Character.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz); } }
3、工具类调用
public class JsonUtil { //序列化时String 为null时变成"" private static ObjectMapper mapperContainEmpty = new ObjectMapper(); static { mapperContainEmpty.configure(SerializationFeature.FAIL_ON_EMPTY_BEANS, false); mapperContainEmpty.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false); mapperContainEmpty.setSerializerFactory(mapperContainEmpty.getSerializerFactory() .withSerializerModifier(new CustomizeBeanSerializerModifier())); } /** * 将对象转换为Json串,针对String 类型 null 转成"" */ public static String toJsonContainEmpty(Object o) { try { return mapperContainEmpty.writeValueAsString(o); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("render object to json error: {}", e.getMessage(), e); throw new RuntimeException("render object to json error!", e); } } }
附:jsonUtil完整代码
/** * json串和对象之间相互转换工具类 */ public class JsonUtil { private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JsonUtil.class); private static ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); //序列化时String 为null时变成"" private static ObjectMapper mapperContainEmpty = new ObjectMapper(); static { mapper.configure(SerializationFeature.FAIL_ON_EMPTY_BEANS, false); mapper.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false); mapper.setSerializationInclusion(Include.NON_NULL); mapperContainEmpty.configure(SerializationFeature.FAIL_ON_EMPTY_BEANS, false); mapperContainEmpty.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false); mapperContainEmpty.setSerializerFactory(mapperContainEmpty.getSerializerFactory() .withSerializerModifier(new CustomizeBeanSerializerModifier())); } /** * 将对象转换为Json串 */ public static String toJson(Object o) { try { return mapper.writeValueAsString(o); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("render object to json error: {}", e.getMessage(), e); throw new RuntimeException("render object to json error!", e); } } /** * 将对象转换为Json串,针对String 类型 null 转成"" */ public static String toJsonContainEmpty(Object o) { try { return mapperContainEmpty.writeValueAsString(o); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("render object to json error: {}", e.getMessage(), e); throw new RuntimeException("render object to json error!", e); } } /** * 将Json串转换为对象 */ public static <T> T toObject(String json, Class<T> clazz) { try { return mapper.readValue(json, clazz); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("render json to object error: {}", e.getMessage(), e); throw new RuntimeException("render json to object error!", e); } } /** * 将Json串转换为List */ public static <T> List<T> toList(String json, Class<T> clazz) { try { JavaType javaType = mapper.getTypeFactory().constructParametricType(List.class, clazz); return mapper.readValue(json, javaType); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("render json to List<T> error: {}", e.getMessage(), e); throw new RuntimeException("render json to List<T> error!", e); } } /** * 将Json串转换为Map */ public static <K, V> Map<K, V> toMap(String json, Class<K> clazzKey, Class<V> clazzValue) { try { JavaType javaType = mapper.getTypeFactory().constructParametricType(Map.class, clazzKey, clazzValue); return mapper.readValue(json, javaType); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("render json to Map<K, V> error: {}", e.getMessage(), e); throw new RuntimeException("render json to Map<K, V> error!", e); } } }
以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持。
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