Java对象复制 深入理解Java对象复制
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一、图示
二、MapStruct
pom文件
<dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.16</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-beanutils/commons-beanutils --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId> <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId> <version>1.9.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId> <artifactId>mapstruct</artifactId> <version>1.2.0.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId> <artifactId>mapstruct-jdk8</artifactId> <version>1.2.0.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId> <artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId> <version>1.2.0.Final</version> </dependency> <!-- dozer使用时需要配置xml 文件,不推荐使用性能和 BeanUtils 差不多,使用过程可以参考 https://www.jianshu.com/p/bf8f0e8aee23--> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sf.dozer/dozer --> <!--<dependency> <groupId>net.sf.dozer</groupId> <artifactId>dozer</artifactId> <version>5.5.1</version> </dependency>-->
下载插件
插件的作用是为了在本地测试的时候,生成 接口的 impl 文件(生成的文件存在与target包里面)
如果是生产环境的话,和Lombok操作一样,需要在pom文件添加 mapStruct 插件依赖
<build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.6.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> <showWarnings>true</showWarnings> <annotationProcessorPaths> <path> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.16</version> </path> <path> <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId> <artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId> <version>1.2.0.Final</version> </path> </annotationProcessorPaths> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build>
代码
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; /** * Created by yangLongFei on 2021/5/11 10:44 * Version: $ */ @Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor @TableName public class Student { private Integer id; private String name; private String age; private String phone; private String address; }
import lombok.Data; import java.io.Serializable; /** * Created by yangLongFei on 2021/5/11 10:51 * Version: $ */ @Data public class StudentDTO implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 735190899850778343L; private Integer id; private String name; private String age; private String phone; private String address; }
import lombok.Data; import java.io.Serializable; /** * Created by yangLongFei on 2021/5/11 16:59 * Version: $ */ @Data public class StudentVO implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 2059190505074790405L; private Integer pk; private String userName; private String userAge; private String userPhone; private String userAddress; }
接口
import com.sys.yang.dto.StudentDTO; import com.sys.yang.entity.Student; import com.sys.yang.vo.StudentVO; import org.mapstruct.Mapper; import org.mapstruct.Mapping; import org.mapstruct.Mappings; import org.mapstruct.factory.Mappers; @Mapper public interface ConverterStudent { ConverterStudent INSTANCE = Mappers.getMapper(ConverterStudent.class); @Mappings({ @Mapping(source = "name", target = "name"), @Mapping(source = "age", target = "age") }) StudentDTO entityToDTO(Student student); @Mappings({ @Mapping(source = "id", target = "pk"), @Mapping(source = "name", target = "userName"), @Mapping(source = "age", target = "userAge"), @Mapping(source = "phone", target = "userPhone"), @Mapping(source = "address", target = "userAddress") }) StudentVO dtoToVo(StudentDTO studentDTO); }
测试类
import com.sys.yang.dto.StudentDTO; import com.sys.yang.entity.Student; import com.sys.yang.vo.StudentVO; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils; import java.lang.reflect.Method; /** * 对象转换,映射 * 方式1:效率最高 get set 方法 * 方式2:Common包 BeanUtils.copyProperties 反射的方式进行 * 方式3:mapstruct 推荐使用,操作不复杂,效率和 get set 方式相差不大 * * <p> * Created by yangLongFei on 2021/5/11 10:43 * Version: $ */ public class AToB { /** * set get 的时候使用 * 生成 对象的set方法 */ public static void main(String[] args) { Class<StudentDTO> clazz = StudentDTO.class; Method[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredMethods(); for (Method field: fields) { String name = field.getName(); if(!name.startsWith("is") && !name.startsWith("get")){ System.out.println("entity." + name + "()"); } } } /** * 测试方法 */ @Test public void test1() { Student student = new Student(1,"zhagnsan","18","110112113114","diqiu"); System.out.println(student.toString()); StudentDTO studentDTO1 = new StudentDTO(); BeanUtils.copyProperties(student,studentDTO1); System.out.println("BeanUtils: "+ studentDTO1.toString()); StudentDTO studentDTO2 = ConverterStudent.INSTANCE.entityToDTO(student); System.out.println("mapstruct: entityToDTO " + studentDTO2.toString()); StudentVO studentVO = ConverterStudent.INSTANCE.dtoToVo(studentDTO2); System.out.println("mapStruct: dtoToVo "+ studentVO); } }
生成的接口文件
三、framework cglib
要转换的对象的,字段名称 要和 原对象的字段名称一致,否则赋值会失败,可以手动 convert 方法,但是,实现后所有的转换内容都会走 convert 方法
代码
import lombok.Data; import java.io.Serializable; /** * Created by yangLongFei on 2021/5/11 16:59 * Version: $ */ @Data public class StudentVO implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 2059190505074790405L; private Integer pk; private String userName; private String userAge; private String userPhone; private String userAddress; // framework cglib 使用到的内容 private String id; private String name; private Integer age; private String phone; private String address; }
convert 实现类
import org.springframework.cglib.core.Converter; /** * Created by yangLongFei on 2021/5/11 19:53 * Version: $ */ public class ConvertStudentDtoToVo implements Converter { /** * ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️ 要转换的属性名称,相同的情况下,才会走该方法 * @param o 原对象属性值,value * @param aClass 目标对象属性 类型,class java.lang.String * @param o1 目标对象属性set方法,setAddress * @return */ @Override public Object convert(Object o, Class aClass, Object o1) { if (o.getClass().equals(aClass)) { return o; } else { if (o instanceof Integer) { return String.valueOf(o); } if (String.valueOf(o1).contains("Age")) { return Integer.valueOf(o.toString()); } return o; } } }
测试方法
@Test public void test2() { Student student = new Student(1,"zhagnsan","18","110112113114","diqiu"); // false 表示不使用 转换器, BeanCopier entityToDto = BeanCopier.create(Student.class, StudentDTO.class, false); StudentDTO studentDTO3 = new StudentDTO(); // null 表示,不指定转换器,要使用转换器的化,需要实现 Converter 接口 // 属性名称之间不能指定映射关系,当属性名称不同的时候赋值操作会失败 entityToDto.copy(student, studentDTO3, null); System.out.println("cglib :entityToDTO " + studentDTO3.toString()); BeanCopier dtoTOVo = BeanCopier.create(StudentDTO.class, StudentVO.class, false); StudentVO studentVO1 = new StudentVO(); dtoTOVo.copy(studentDTO3, studentVO1, null); System.out.println("cglib: dtoToVo " + studentVO1.toString()); // 一旦使用Converter,BeanCopier只使用Converter定义的规则去拷贝属性,所以在convert方法中要考虑所有的属性 BeanCopier dtoTOVo2 = BeanCopier.create(StudentDTO.class, StudentVO.class, true); StudentVO studentVO2 = new StudentVO(); dtoTOVo2.copy(studentDTO3, studentVO2, new ConvertStudentDtoToVo()); System.out.println("cglib : convert "+studentVO2.toString()); }
四、问题
beanUtils 不会进行 属性 类型的转换,如果字段名称相同,类型不同,不会对该字段进行赋值操作,( 测试方法中使用的 是 org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils )
cglib 在不定义Converter 的情况下也会出现 类型转换错误的异常,可以手动自定义转换器 convert ,一旦使用Converter,BeanCopier只使用Converter定义的规则去拷贝属性,所以在convert方法中要考虑所有的属性。
springframwork 有实现 cglib 的BeanCopier 不需要再引用 org.easymock 依赖
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