linux安装mysql8.0.19 linux 安装 mysql 8.0.19 详细步骤及问题解决办法
艳阳高照中最亮的星 人气:0最近买了个腾讯云服务器,搭建环境。
该笔记用于系统上未装过mysql的干净系统第一次安装mysql。自己指定安装目录,指定数据文件目录。
linux系统版本: CentOS 7.3 64位
安装源文件版本:mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mysql安装位置:/software/mysql
数据库文件数据位置:/data/mysql
注:未防止混淆,这里都用绝对路径执行命令
除了文件内容中的#,这里所有带#都是linux命令
>mysql 是mysql的命令
步骤:
1、在根目录下创建文件夹software和数据库数据文件/data/mysql
#mkdir /software/ #mkdir /data/mysql
2、上传mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz文件到/software下
--------------------
这里我下载的带了router和test的mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar文件,所以多一部解压xz
-------------------- #cd /software/ #xz -d mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz #tar -xvf mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
3、更改解压缩后的文件夹名称
#mv /software/mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /software/mysql
4、创建mysql用户组和mysql用户
#groupadd mysql #useradd -r -g mysql mysql
5、关联myql用户到mysql用户组中
#chown -R mysql:mysql /software/mysql/ #chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/ #chown -R mysql /software/mysql/ #chown -R mysql /data/mysql
6、更改mysql安装文件夹mysql/的权限
#chmod -R 755 /software/mysql/
7、安装libaio依赖包,系统自带的有这个依赖包所以不需要安装,不过自带的依赖包会报错
查询是否暗转libaio依赖包
#yum search libaio
如果没安装,可以用下面命令安装
#yum install libaio
8、初始化mysql命令
#cd /software/mysql/bin #./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/software/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --initialize
在执行上面命令时特别要注意一行内容
[Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: o*s#gqh)F4Ck
root@localhost: 后面跟的是mysql数据库登录的临时密码,各人安装生成的临时密码不一样
如果初始化时报错如下:
error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared objec
是因为libnuma安装的是32位,我们这里需要64位的,执行下面语句就可以解决
#yum install numactl.x86_64
执行完后重新初始化mysql命令
9、启动mysql服务
# sh /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
上面启动mysql服务命令是会报错的,因为没有修改mysql的配置文件,报错内容大致如下:
./support-files/mysql.server: line 239: my_print_defaults: command not found
./support-files/mysql.server: line 259: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directory
Starting MySQL ERROR! Couldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)
10、修改Mysql配置文件
#vim /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
修改前
if test -z "$basedir" then basedir=/usr/local/mysql bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin if test -z "$datadir" then datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data fi sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin else bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir" then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" fi
修改后
if test -z "$basedir" then basedir=/software/mysql bindir=/software/mysql/bin if test -z "$datadir" then datadir=/data/mysql fi sbindir=/software/mysql/bin libexecdir=/software/mysql/bin else bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir" then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" fi
保存退出
#cp /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld #chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
11、修改my.cnf文件
#vi /etc/my.cnf
将下面内容复制替换当前的my.cnf文件中的内容
[client] no-beep socket =/software/mysql/mysql.sock # pipe # socket=0.0 port=3306 [mysql] #原文的utf8指向UTF8MB3,后续版本要改为UTF8MB4,一步到位吧 default-character-set=UTF8MB4 [mysqld] basedir=/software/mysql datadir=/data/mysql port=3306 pid-file=/software/mysql/mysqld.pid #skip-grant-tables skip-name-resolve socket = /software/mysql/mysql.sock character-set-server=utf8 default-storage-engine=INNODB explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true # Server Id. server-id=1 max_connections=2000 #query_cache_size在8.0版本已经移除,故注释 #query_cache_size=0 table_open_cache=2000 tmp_table_size=246M thread_cache_size=300 #限定用于每个数据库线程的栈大小。默认设置足以满足大多数应用 thread_stack = 192k key_buffer_size=512M read_buffer_size=4M read_rnd_buffer_size=32M innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0 innodb_log_buffer_size=16M innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M innodb_log_file_size=128M innodb_thread_concurrency=128 innodb_autoextend_increment=1000 innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8 innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000 innodb_old_blocks_time=1000 innodb_open_files=300 innodb_stats_on_metadata=0 innodb_file_per_table=1 innodb_checksum_algorithm=0 back_log=80 flush_time=0 join_buffer_size=128M max_allowed_packet=1024M max_connect_errors=2000 open_files_limit=4161 #query_cache_type在8.0版本已经移除,故注释 #query_cache_type=0 sort_buffer_size=32M table_definition_cache=1400 binlog_row_event_max_size=8K sync_master_info=10000 sync_relay_log=10000 sync_relay_log_info=10000 #批量插入数据缓存大小,可以有效提高插入效率,默认为8M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M interactive_timeout = 120 wait_timeout = 120 log-bin-trust-function-creators=1 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES # # include all files from the config directory # !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
保存退出
12、启动mysql
#/etc/init.d/mysqld start
新版本的安装包会报错,错误内容如下:
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/SZY.err'.
2018-07-02T10:09:03.779928Z mysqld_safe The file /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld
does not exist or is not executable. Please cd to the mysql installation
directory and restart this script from there as follows:
./bin/mysqld_safe&
See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/mysqld-safe.html for more information
ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/software/mysql/mysqld.pid).
因为新版本的mysql安全启动安装包只认/usr/local/mysql这个路径。
解决办法:
方法1、建立软连接
例
#cd /usr/local/mysql #ln -s /sofware/mysql/bin/myslqd mysqld
方法2、修改mysqld_safe文件(有强迫症的同学建议这种,我用的这种)
# vim /software/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
将所有的/usr/local/mysql改为/software/mysql
保存退出。(可以将这个文件拷出来再修改然后替换)
13、登录mysql
这里我登陆不了,被denny了,类似这样的错误:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)。
参考https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1188636
改为这个操作:
1.停止mysql数据库
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
(或者直接 kill -9 [PID] 杀进程!)
2.执行如下命令
mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
3.使用root登录mysql数据库
mysql -u root mysql
4.更新root密码
最新版MySQL请采用如下SQL:
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'newpassword';
5.刷新权限
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
6.退出mysql
mysql> quit
7.重启mysql
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
8.使用root用户重新登录mysql
mysql -uroot -p Enter password: <输入新设的密码newpassword> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #/software/mysql/bin/mysql -u root –p
14、输入临时密码。临时密码就是第8条root@localhost:后面的内容
15、修改mysql的登录密码
>mysql set password=password('root'); >mysql grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root'; >mysql flush privileges;
16、完成,此时mysql的登录名root 登录密码root
总结
加载全部内容