Android Uri转路径 Android7.0以上Uri转路径的方法实现(已验证)
dx林i 人气:0网络上看到过很多种Uri转路径的方法,可基本上都只适用于很少的Uri值,可能没有结果(例如,对于由MediaStore索引的非本地文件),也可能没有可用的结果(例如,对于可移动存储上的文件)。
解决方法
使用ContentResolver和openInputStream()在Uri标识的内容上获取InputStream。在控制的文件上使用InputStream和FileOutputStream复制内容,然后使用该文件。
代码如下:
private static String getFilePathForN(Context context, Uri uri) { try { Cursor returnCursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, null, null, null, null); int nameIndex = returnCursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME); returnCursor.moveToFirst(); String name = (returnCursor.getString(nameIndex)); File file = new File(context.getFilesDir(), name); InputStream inputStream = context.getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri); FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file); int read = 0; int maxBufferSize = 1 * 1024 * 1024; int bytesAvailable = inputStream.available(); int bufferSize = Math.min(bytesAvailable, maxBufferSize); final byte[] buffers = new byte[bufferSize]; while ((read = inputStream.read(buffers)) != -1) { outputStream.write(buffers, 0, read); } returnCursor.close(); inputStream.close(); outputStream.close(); return file.getPath(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; }
附上全系统的代码:
/** * 文件Uri转路径(兼容各品牌手机) */ public class PathUtils { /** * android7.0以上处理方法 */ private static String getFilePathForN(Context context, Uri uri) { try { Cursor returnCursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, null, null, null, null); int nameIndex = returnCursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME); returnCursor.moveToFirst(); String name = (returnCursor.getString(nameIndex)); File file = new File(context.getFilesDir(), name); InputStream inputStream = context.getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri); FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file); int read = 0; int maxBufferSize = 1 * 1024 * 1024; int bytesAvailable = inputStream.available(); int bufferSize = Math.min(bytesAvailable, maxBufferSize); final byte[] buffers = new byte[bufferSize]; while ((read = inputStream.read(buffers)) != -1) { outputStream.write(buffers, 0, read); } returnCursor.close(); inputStream.close(); outputStream.close(); return file.getPath(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } /** * 全平台处理方法 */ public static String getPath(final Context context, final Uri uri) throws Exception { final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT; final boolean isN = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N; if (isN) { return getFilePathForN(context, uri); } // DocumentProvider if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) { // ExternalStorageProvider if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) { final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri); final String[] split = docId.split(":"); final String type = split[0]; if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) { return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1]; } } // DownloadsProvider else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) { final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri); final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId( Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), StringUtils.toLong(id)); return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null); } // MediaProvider else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) { final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri); final String[] split = docId.split(":"); final String type = split[0]; Uri contentUri = null; if ("image".equals(type)) { contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI; } else if ("video".equals(type)) { contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI; } else if ("audio".equals(type)) { contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI; } final String selection = "_id=?"; final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] { split[1] }; return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs); } } // MediaStore (and general) else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) { return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null); } // File else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) { return uri.getPath(); } return null; } /** * 获取此Uri的数据列的值。这对于MediaStore uri和其他基于文件的内容提供程序非常有用。 */ public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) { Cursor cursor = null; final String column = "_data"; final String[] projection = { column }; try { cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null); if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) { final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column); return cursor.getString(column_index); } } catch (IllegalArgumentException e){ //do nothing } finally { if (cursor != null) cursor.close(); } return null; } public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) { return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority()); } public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) { return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority()); } public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) { return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority()); } }
参考资料:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42508383/illegalargumentexception-column-data-does-not-exist
另发现一篇,亲测,Android 4.4到Android 10可用,测试的系统有VIVO、OPPO、MIUI、EMUI...
解决的国内产商问题:华为的黄色图标管理器,他返回了4.4的标准的Uri了,不是4.4以上的标准的Uri,导致解析的时候,判断到版本 > 4.4,然后用了4.4以上的标准的解析,然后失败了,并非不回调。
直接可用的代码片段:
public class FileUtils { private Context context; public FileUtils(Context context) { this.context = context; } public String getFilePathByUri(Uri uri) { // 以 file:// 开头的 if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals(uri.getScheme())) { return uri.getPath(); } // 以/storage开头的也直接返回 if (isOtherDocument(uri)) { return uri.getPath(); } // 版本兼容的获取! String path = getFilePathByUri_BELOWAPI11(uri); if (path != null) { LogUtils.d("getFilePathByUri_BELOWAPI11获取到的路径为:" + path); return path; } path = getFilePathByUri_API11to18(uri); if (path != null) { LogUtils.d("getFilePathByUri_API11to18获取到的路径为:" + path); return path; } path = getFilePathByUri_API19(uri); LogUtils.d("getFilePathByUri_API19获取到的路径为:" + path); return path; } private String getFilePathByUri_BELOWAPI11(Uri uri) { // 以 content:// 开头的,比如 content://media/extenral/images/media/17766 if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme())) { String path = null; String[] projection = new String[]{MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA}; Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, null, null, null); if (cursor != null) { if (cursor.moveToFirst()) { int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA); if (columnIndex > -1) { path = cursor.getString(columnIndex); } } cursor.close(); } return path; } return null; } private String getFilePathByUri_API11to18(Uri contentUri) { String[] projection = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA}; String result = null; CursorLoader cursorLoader = new CursorLoader(context, contentUri, projection, null, null, null); Cursor cursor = cursorLoader.loadInBackground(); if (cursor != null) { int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA); cursor.moveToFirst(); result = cursor.getString(column_index); cursor.close(); } return result; } private String getFilePathByUri_API19(Uri uri) { // 4.4及之后的 是以 content:// 开头的,比如 content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image%3A235700 if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme()) && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) { if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) { if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) { // ExternalStorageProvider String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri); String[] split = docId.split(":"); String type = split[0]; if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) { if (split.length > 1) { return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1]; } else { return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/"; } // This is for checking SD Card } } else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) { //下载内容提供者时应当判断下载管理器是否被禁用 int stateCode = context.getPackageManager().getApplicationEnabledSetting("com.android.providers.downloads"); if (stateCode != 0 && stateCode != 1) { return null; } String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri); // 如果出现这个RAW地址,我们则可以直接返回! if (id.startsWith("raw:")) { return id.replaceFirst("raw:", ""); } if (id.contains(":")) { String[] tmp = id.split(":"); if (tmp.length > 1) { id = tmp[1]; } } Uri contentUri = Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"); LogUtils.d("测试打印Uri: " + uri); try { contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(contentUri, Long.parseLong(id)); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } String path = getDataColumn(contentUri, null, null); if (path != null) return path; // 兼容某些特殊情况下的文件管理器! String fileName = getFileNameByUri(uri); if (fileName != null) { path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString() + "/Download/" + fileName; return path; } } else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) { // MediaProvider String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri); String[] split = docId.split(":"); String type = split[0]; Uri contentUri = null; if ("image".equals(type)) { contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI; } else if ("video".equals(type)) { contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI; } else if ("audio".equals(type)) { contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI; } String selection = "_id=?"; String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]}; return getDataColumn(contentUri, selection, selectionArgs); } } } return null; } private String getFileNameByUri(Uri uri) { String relativePath = getFileRelativePathByUri_API18(uri); if (relativePath == null) relativePath = ""; final String[] projection = { MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME }; try (Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, null, null, null)) { if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) { int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME); return relativePath + cursor.getString(index); } } return null; } private String getFileRelativePathByUri_API18(Uri uri) { final String[] projection; if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) { projection = new String[]{ MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH }; try (Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, null, null, null)) { if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) { int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH); return cursor.getString(index); } } } return null; } private String getDataColumn(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) { final String column = MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA; final String[] projection = {column}; try (Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null)) { if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) { final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column); return cursor.getString(column_index); } } catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) { iae.printStackTrace(); } return null; } private boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) { return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority()); } private boolean isOtherDocument(Uri uri) { // 以/storage开头的也直接返回 if (uri != null && uri.getPath() != null) { String path = uri.getPath(); if (path.startsWith("/storage")) { return true; } if (path.startsWith("/external_files")) { return true; } } return false; } private boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) { return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority()); } private boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) { return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority()); } }
调用 getFilePathByUri(Uri uri) 即可获得最终的路径。
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