python request操作 Python request操作步骤及代码实例

时间:2021-04-21 天天向上327 人气:0

操作步骤

A.cmd输入：pip install requests，安装requests

B.py文件导入：import requests

C.get

调用get： r = requests.get(url)
断言：self.assertEqual(r.status_code, 200)
说明：status_code为状态返回值，如200表示访问成功

D.post

入参为json格式需要把字典转成json格式： json_data =json.dumps({"usename": "test","password" : "123456"}) ，

请求报头为json格式：self.json_headers= {'content-type': 'application/json'}

调用post（请求与返回都是josn格式）：

r = requests.post(url,data=json_data,headers=self.json_headers)

如果返回内容为：[{'name': 'zhangshan', 'age': '18'}, {'name': 'lisi', 'age': '29'}]

断言1：self.assertEqual(r.json()[0]['name'], 'zhangshan') ，说明r.json()转成list，list里面是字典，取list[0]第一个值，取字典key值['name']

如果返回内容：{'success': 'true', 'msg': 'chengong'}

断言2：self.assertEqual(r.json()['success'], 'true')，说明r.json()转成字典，取字典key值['success']

config.json 配置文件内容：

[
 {
  "request" :
   {
    "method": "post",
    "uri" : "/login",
    "file": {
     "json": "user.json"
    }
   },
  "response" :
  {
   "json": {"success": "true","msg": "chengong"}
  }
 },
 {
  "request" :
   {
    "method": "post",
    "uri" : "/data"
   },
  "response" :
  {
   "file" : "data.json"
  }
 },
 {
  "request" :
   {
    "method": "get",
    "uri" : "/home"
   },
  "response" :
  {
    "text" : {
     "template": "true"
    }
  }
 }
]

data.json 返回值文件内容：

[
 {
  "name": "zhangshan",
  "age": "18"
 },
 {
  "name": "lisi",
  "age": "29"
 }
]

user.json 入参文件内容：

{
	"usename": "test",
	"password" : "123456"
}

python文件“login.py”内容：

#!/usr/bin/python3
# encoding:utf-8
import unittest
import requests
import json

class login(unittest.TestCase):
  def setUp(self):
    self.d ='http://127.0.0.1:9999'
    self.json_headers= {'content-type': 'application/json'}
    
  def tearDown(self):
    pass
  def test_gethome(self):
    url = self.url('/home')#http://127.0.0.1:9999/home
    r = requests.get(url)
    self.assertEqual(r.text, 'true')
    self.assertEqual(r.status_code, 200)
    
  def test_postlogin(self):
    url= self.url('/login')
    json_data =json.dumps({"usename": "test","password" : "123456"}) 
    r = requests.post(url,data=json_data,headers=self.json_headers)
    #{'success': 'true', 'msg': 'chengong'}
    self.assertEqual(r.json()['success'], 'true')
    
  def test_postdata(self):
    url= self.url('/data')
    r = requests.post(url,data={},headers=self.json_headers)
    print(len(r.json()))#r.josn返回list，长度2
    #[{'name': 'zhangshan', 'age': '18'}, {'name': 'lisi', 'age': '29'}]
    self.assertEqual(r.json()[0]['name'], 'zhangshan')
    self.assertEqual(r.json()[-1]['age'],'29')
 
    
  def url(self,path):
    return self.d + path
if __name__=='__main__':
  unittest.main()

运行结果

.2
...
.----------------------------------------------------------------------
.Ran 3 tests in 0.036s
.
.OK

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