Android RecyclerView多类型布局卡片解决方案

时间:2021-04-03 人气:0

背景

随着公司业务越来越复杂，在同一个列表中需要展示各种类型的数据。

总体结构

ItemViewAdapter：每种类型的卡片分别都是不同的ItemViewAdapter
ItemViewAdapterFactory：使用ItemViewAdapterFactory根据不同数据对应不同的ItemViewAdapter
MultiRecyclerViewAdapter： MultiRecyclerViewAdapter就是RecylerView.Adapter,并是个ItemViewAdapterFactory。
具体只要继承MultiRecyclerViewAdapter即可，实现ItemViewAdapterFactory中getViewType、onCreateItemViewAdapter两个方法
ContextMap：整个Adapter共用一个ContextMap数据上下文，用于外部（例Fragment等）与ItemAdapter交互、ItemAdapter之间交互等一系列数据传递，可以解决参数层层传递的问题
RecyclerViewHolder：通用RecyclerView.ViewHolder，封装根据id获取view方法getView(viewId)、获取数据上下文方法getContextMap()

使用方法

每种类型卡片Item都实现ItemViewAdapter

package com.lkh.multiadapter;

import android.support.annotation.LayoutRes;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 列表单项布局与数据绑定
 * Created by luokanghui on 2017/5/24.
 */
public abstract class ItemViewAdapter<E>{

  /**
   * 返回列表单项View，如果View由资源layout加载而来，直接重写{@link #onGetLayoutId()}即可
   * @param parent 父view，一般为RecyclerView
   * @return 列表单项View
   */
  public View onCreateView(ViewGroup parent){
    return LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(onGetLayoutId()
        , parent, false);
  }

  /**
   * 当RecyclerViewHolder创建成功后调用，只会调用一次
   * @param viewHolder 单项view集合
   */
  public void onCreate(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder){

  }

  /**
   * 返回单项布局的资源id，如果重写了{@link #onCreateView(ViewGroup)}，则此方法可能失效
   * @return 单项布局layout id
   */
  @LayoutRes
  protected abstract int onGetLayoutId();

  /**
   * 把数据与view进行绑定，滑动时都会调用
   * @param viewHolder 单项view集合
   * @param data 具体数据
   * @param position 在列表中的位置
   */
  public abstract void bindData(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder, E data, int position);

  /**
   * 局部更新时调用
   * @param viewHolder 单项view集合
   * @param data 具体数据
   * @param position 在列表中的位置
   * @param payloads 局部更新标志，不会为空（isEmpty()==false)
   */
  public void bindData(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder, E data, int position, List<Object> payloads){

  }
}

卡片1：

package com.lkh.multiadapter.sample;

import android.widget.TextView;

import com.lkh.multiadapter.ItemViewAdapter;
import com.lkh.multiadapter.R;
import com.lkh.multiadapter.RecyclerViewHolder;

/**
 * 卡片1实现
 * Created by luokanghui on 2019/3/18
 */
public class SampleOneItemViewAdapter extends ItemViewAdapter<DataOne> {
  @Override
  protected int onGetLayoutId() {
    //布局layout资源id
    return R.layout.item_one;
  }

  @Override
  public void bindData(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder, DataOne data, int position) {
    //根据id获取view
    TextView tvContent = viewHolder.getView(R.id.tv_content);
    //数据绑定
    tvContent.setText(data.getContent());
  }
}

package com.lkh.multiadapter.sample;

/**
 * 卡片1数据
 * Created by luokanghui on 2019/3/18
 */
public class DataOne {
  private String content;

  public String getContent() {
    return content;
  }

  public void setContent(String content) {
    this.content = content;
  }
}

item_one.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:background="#eeeeee"
  android:orientation="vertical">

  <TextView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="卡片1"
    android:textColor="#000000" />

  <TextView
    android:id="@+id/tv_content"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="50dp"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:textColor="#000000" />

</LinearLayout>

卡片2

package com.lkh.multiadapter.sample;

import android.widget.TextView;

import com.lkh.multiadapter.ItemViewAdapter;
import com.lkh.multiadapter.R;
import com.lkh.multiadapter.RecyclerViewHolder;

/**
 * 卡片2实现
 * Created by luokanghui on 2019/3/18
 */
public class SampleTwoItemViewAdapter extends ItemViewAdapter<DataTwo> {
  @Override
  protected int onGetLayoutId() {
    //布局layout资源id
    return R.layout.item_two;
  }

  @Override
  public void bindData(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder, DataTwo data, int position) {
    //根据id获取view
    TextView tvNum = viewHolder.getView(R.id.tv_num);
    //数据绑定
    tvNum.setText("num="+data.getNum());
  }
}

package com.lkh.multiadapter.sample;

/**
 * 卡片2数据
 * Created by luokanghui on 2019/3/18
 */
public class DataTwo {
  private int num;

  public int getNum() {
    return num;
  }

  public void setNum(int num) {
    this.num = num;
  }
}

item_two.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:background="#999999"
  android:orientation="vertical">

  <TextView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="卡片2"
    android:textColor="#0000ff" />

  <TextView
    android:id="@+id/tv_num"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="100dp"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:textColor="#0000ff" />

</LinearLayout>

总Adapter，继承MultiRecyclerViewAdapter

package com.lkh.multiadapter.sample;

import com.lkh.multiadapter.ItemViewAdapter;
import com.lkh.multiadapter.MultiRecyclerViewAdapter;

/**
 * 多布局adapter，根据不同data及position，使用不同ItemViewAdapter卡片
 * Created by luokanghui on 2019/3/18
 */
public class SampleMultiAdapter extends MultiRecyclerViewAdapter<Object> {
  private static final int TYPE_EMPTY = 0;//空item
  private static final int TYPE_ONE = 1;//卡片1
  private static final int TYPE_TWO = 2;//卡片2

  @Override
  public int getViewType(Object data, int position) {
    if (data instanceof DataOne){//卡片1
      return TYPE_ONE;
    }

    if (data instanceof DataTwo){//卡片2
      return TYPE_TWO;
    }

    return TYPE_EMPTY;//空item
  }

  @Override
  public ItemViewAdapter onCreateItemViewAdapter(int viewType) {
    switch (viewType){
      case TYPE_ONE://卡片1
        return new SampleOneItemViewAdapter();
      case TYPE_TWO://卡片2
        return new SampleTwoItemViewAdapter();
      default://空item
        return new EmptyItemViewAdapter();
    }
  }
}

RecyclerView中使用

package com.lkh.multiadapter;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;

import com.lkh.multiadapter.sample.DataOne;
import com.lkh.multiadapter.sample.DataTwo;
import com.lkh.multiadapter.sample.SampleMultiAdapter;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    RecyclerView recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
    recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));

    SampleMultiAdapter adapter = new SampleMultiAdapter();

    //设置数据
    adapter.setData(generateData());

    //设置adapter
    recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);

  }

  //造测试数据
  private List<Object> generateData(){
    List<Object> list = new ArrayList<>();
    for (int i=0; i<20; i++){
      DataOne dataOne = new DataOne();
      dataOne.setContent("这是卡片1数据："+i);
      list.add(dataOne);

      DataTwo dataTwo = new DataTwo();
      dataTwo.setNum(i);
      list.add(dataTwo);
    }
    return list;
  }
}

activity_main.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  android:orientation="vertical">

  <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
    android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</LinearLayout>

运行效果如下：

总的来说，实现一个多类型布局列表只需要写多个不同卡片ItemViewAdapter、继承MultiRecyclerViewAdapter用来控制不同数据使用不同ItemViewAdapter，新增一个卡片只需要新增一个ItemViewAdapter，在MultiRecyclerViewAdapter新加一项即可，不会影响其它卡片使用，而且ItemViewAdapter完全独立，可以很好的复用。

核心代码

package com.lkh.multiadapter;

import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 多种布局adapter
 * Created by luokanghui on 2017/5/24.
 */

public abstract class MultiRecyclerViewAdapter<E> extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerViewHolder> implements ItemViewAdapterFactory<E> {
  public static final int NO_TYPE = -1;

  private List<E> dataList;

  protected final MapData mMapData = new MapData();

  public MultiRecyclerViewAdapter setData(List<E> list) {
    this.dataList = list;
    return this;
  }

  @Override
  public RecyclerViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
    ItemViewAdapter itemViewModule = onCreateItemViewAdapter(viewType);
    RecyclerViewHolder recyclerViewHolder = new RecyclerViewHolder(itemViewModule.onCreateView(parent), itemViewModule, this, getContextMap());
    itemViewModule.onCreate(recyclerViewHolder);
    return recyclerViewHolder;
  }

  @Override
  public void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerViewHolder holder, int position) {
    if (checkItems(position)) {
      return;
    }
    holder.itemViewAdapter.bindData(holder, dataList.get(position), position);
  }

  @Override
  public void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerViewHolder holder, int position, List<Object> payloads) {
    if (checkItems(position)) {
      return;
    }
    if (payloads.isEmpty()) {
      super.onBindViewHolder(holder, position, payloads);
    } else {
      holder.itemViewAdapter.bindData(holder, dataList.get(position), position, payloads);
    }
  }

  @Override
  public int getItemViewType(int position) {
    if (checkItems(position)) {
      return NO_TYPE;
    }
    return getViewType(dataList.get(position), position);
  }

  @Override
  public int getItemCount() {
    return dataList == null ? 0 : dataList.size();
  }

  /**
   * true表示没通过
   */
  private boolean checkItems(int position) {
    return dataList == null || position < 0 || position >= dataList.size();
  }

  @Override
  public MapData getContextMap() {
    return mMapData;
  }
}

package com.lkh.multiadapter;
/**
 * 多布局ItemViewAdapter创建者
 * Created by luokanghui on 2017/5/24.
 */
public interface ItemViewAdapterFactory<E> {

  /**
   * 返回ItemViewAdapter的类型
   * 建议根据data的数据类型判断不同的viewType
   * @param data 具体数据
   * @param position 在列表中的位置
   * @return 类型
   */
  int getViewType(E data, int position);

  /**
   * 根据不同的viewType返回不同的ItemViewAdapter
   * @param viewType 类型
   * @return ItemViewAdapter
   */
  ItemViewAdapter<? extends E> onCreateItemViewAdapter(int viewType);


  /**
   * 上下文数据
   * @return
   */
  MapData getContextMap();
}

package com.lkh.multiadapter;

import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.util.SparseArray;
import android.view.View;


/**
 * ViewHolder基类
 */
public final class RecyclerViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

  private final SparseArray<View> views;
  ItemViewAdapter itemViewAdapter;
  private final RecyclerView.Adapter adapter;
  private final MapData mMapData ;


  public RecyclerViewHolder(View itemView, ItemViewAdapter itemViewAdapter, RecyclerView.Adapter adapter, MapData mapData) {
    super(itemView);
    this.views = new SparseArray<>();
    this.itemViewAdapter = itemViewAdapter;
    this.adapter = adapter;
    this.mMapData = mapData;
  }

  /**
   * 根据id获取view，如果缓存中存在，直接使用缓存中的，避免重复执行findViewById
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  public <T extends View> T getView(int viewId) {
    View view = views.get(viewId);
    if (view == null) {
      view = itemView.findViewById(viewId);
      views.put(viewId, view);
    }
    return (T) view;
  }

  public RecyclerView.Adapter getAdapter(){
    return adapter;
  }

  /**
   * 获取数据上下文
   */
  public MapData getContextMap(){
    return mMapData;
  }
}

package com.lkh.multiadapter;

import android.support.annotation.LayoutRes;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 列表单项布局与数据绑定
 * Created by luokanghui on 2017/5/24.
 */

public abstract class ItemViewAdapter<E>{

  /**
   * 返回列表单项View，如果View由资源layout加载而来，直接重写{@link #onGetLayoutId()}即可
   * @param parent 父view，一般为RecyclerView
   * @return 列表单项View
   */
  public View onCreateView(ViewGroup parent){
    return LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(onGetLayoutId()
        , parent, false);
  }

  /**
   * 当RecyclerViewHolder创建成功后调用，只会调用一次
   * @param viewHolder 单项view集合
   */
  public void onCreate(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder){

  }

  /**
   * 返回单项布局的资源id，如果重写了{@link #onCreateView(ViewGroup)}，则此方法可能失效
   * @return 单项布局layout id
   */
  @LayoutRes
  protected abstract int onGetLayoutId();

  /**
   * 把数据与view进行绑定，滑动时都会调用
   * @param viewHolder 单项view集合
   * @param data 具体数据
   * @param position 在列表中的位置
   */
  public abstract void bindData(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder, E data, int position);

  /**
   * 局部更新时调用
   * @param viewHolder 单项view集合
   * @param data 具体数据
   * @param position 在列表中的位置
   * @param payloads 局部更新标志，不会为空（isEmpty()==false)
   */
  public void bindData(RecyclerViewHolder viewHolder, E data, int position, List<Object> payloads){

  }
}

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