彻底揭秘keep-alive原理(小结)

<keep-alive :include="whiteList" :exclude="blackList" :max="amount">
 <component :is="currentComponent"></component>
</keep-alive>

<keep-alive :include="whiteList" :exclude="blackList" :max="amount">
 <router-view></router-view>
</keep-alive>

// src/core/components/keep-alive.js
export default {
 name: 'keep-alive',
 abstract: true, // 判断当前组件虚拟dom是否渲染成真是dom的关键

 props: {
  include: patternTypes, // 缓存白名单
  exclude: patternTypes, // 缓存黑名单
  max: [String, Number] // 缓存的组件实例数量上限
 },

 created () {
  this.cache = Object.create(null) // 缓存虚拟dom
  this.keys = [] // 缓存的虚拟dom的健集合
 },

 destroyed () {
  for (const key in this.cache) { // 删除所有的缓存
   pruneCacheEntry(this.cache, key, this.keys)
  }
 },

 mounted () {
  // 实时监听黑白名单的变动
  this.$watch('include', val => {
   pruneCache(this, name => matches(val, name))
  })
  this.$watch('exclude', val => {
   pruneCache(this, name => !matches(val, name))
  })
 },

 render () {
  // 先省略...
 }
}

// src/core/components/keep-alive.js
function pruneCacheEntry (
 cache: VNodeCache,
 key: string,
 keys: Array<string>,
 current?: VNode
) {
 const cached = cache[key]
 if (cached && (!current || cached.tag !== current.tag)) {
  cached.componentInstance.$destroy() // 执行组件的destory钩子函数
 }
 cache[key] = null
 remove(keys, key)
}

 // src/core/components/keep-alive.js
 render () {
  const slot = this.$slots.default
  const vnode: VNode = getFirstComponentChild(slot) // 找到第一个子组件对象
  const componentOptions: ?VNodeComponentOptions = vnode && vnode.componentOptions
  if (componentOptions) { // 存在组件参数
   // check pattern
   const name: ?string = getComponentName(componentOptions) // 组件名
   const { include, exclude } = this
   if ( // 条件匹配
    // not included
    (include && (!name || !matches(include, name))) ||
    // excluded
    (exclude && name && matches(exclude, name))
   ) {
    return vnode
   }

   const { cache, keys } = this
   const key: ?string = vnode.key == null // 定义组件的缓存key
    // same constructor may get registered as different local components
    // so cid alone is not enough (#3269)
    ? componentOptions.Ctor.cid + (componentOptions.tag ? `::${componentOptions.tag}` : '')
    : vnode.key
   if (cache[key]) { // 已经缓存过该组件
    vnode.componentInstance = cache[key].componentInstance
    // make current key freshest
    remove(keys, key)
    keys.push(key) // 调整key排序
   } else {
    cache[key] = vnode // 缓存组件对象
    keys.push(key)
    // prune oldest entry
    if (this.max && keys.length > parseInt(this.max)) { // 超过缓存数限制，将第一个删除
     pruneCacheEntry(cache, keys[0], keys, this._vnode)
    }
   }

   vnode.data.keepAlive = true // 渲染和执行被包裹组件的钩子函数需要用到
  }
  return vnode || (slot && slot[0])
 }

import App from './App.vue'

new Vue({
 render: h => h(App),
}).$mount('#app')

// src/core/instance/lifecycle.js
export function initLifecycle (vm: Component) {
 const options = vm.$options
 // 找到第一个非abstract的父组件实例
 let parent = options.parent
 if (parent && !options.abstract) {
  while (parent.$options.abstract && parent.$parent) {
   parent = parent.$parent
  }
  parent.$children.push(vm)
 }
 vm.$parent = parent
 // ...
}

// src/core/vdom/patch.js
function createComponent (vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm) {
  let i = vnode.data
  if (isDef(i)) {
   const isReactivated = isDef(vnode.componentInstance) && i.keepAlive
   if (isDef(i = i.hook) && isDef(i = i.init)) {
    i(vnode, false /* hydrating */)
   }

   if (isDef(vnode.componentInstance)) {
    initComponent(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue)
    insert(parentElm, vnode.elm, refElm) // 将缓存的DOM（vnode.elm）插入父元素中
    if (isTrue(isReactivated)) {
     reactivateComponent(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm)
    }
    return true
   }
  }
 }

// src/core/vdom/create-component.js
const componentVNodeHooks = {
 init (vnode: VNodeWithData, hydrating: boolean): ?boolean {
  if (
   vnode.componentInstance &&
   !vnode.componentInstance._isDestroyed &&
   vnode.data.keepAlive
  ) {
   // kept-alive components, treat as a patch
   const mountedNode: any = vnode // work around flow
   componentVNodeHooks.prepatch(mountedNode, mountedNode)
  } else {
   const child = vnode.componentInstance = createComponentInstanceForVnode(
    vnode,
    activeInstance
   )
   child.$mount(hydrating ? vnode.elm : undefined, hydrating)
  }
 }
 // ...
}

// src/core/vdom/patch.js
 function invokeInsertHook (vnode, queue, initial) {
  if (isTrue(initial) && isDef(vnode.parent)) {
   vnode.parent.data.pendingInsert = queue
  } else {
   for (let i = 0; i < queue.length; ++i) {
    queue[i].data.hook.insert(queue[i]) // 调用VNode自身的insert钩子函数
   }
  }
 }

// src/core/vdom/create-component.js
const componentVNodeHooks = {
 // init()
 insert (vnode: MountedComponentVNode) {
  const { context, componentInstance } = vnode
  if (!componentInstance._isMounted) {
   componentInstance._isMounted = true
   callHook(componentInstance, 'mounted')
  }
  if (vnode.data.keepAlive) {
   if (context._isMounted) {
    queueActivatedComponent(componentInstance)
   } else {
    activateChildComponent(componentInstance, true /* direct */)
   }
  }
 // ...
}

// src/core/instance/lifecycle.js
export function activateChildComponent (vm: Component, direct?: boolean) {
 if (direct) {
  vm._directInactive = false
  if (isInInactiveTree(vm)) {
   return
  }
 } else if (vm._directInactive) {
  return
 }
 if (vm._inactive || vm._inactive === null) {
  vm._inactive = false
  for (let i = 0; i < vm.$children.length; i++) {
   activateChildComponent(vm.$children[i])
  }
  callHook(vm, 'activated')
 }
}