spring boot实现验证码功能

时间:2021-04-03 人气:0

流程是按照交互顺序。

1.controller层代码，获取验证码，以及生成验证码图片。

1.1获取html

@RequestMapping(value="/authImage",method=RequestMethod.GET)
 public String authImage(){
 return "authImage";
 }

1.2 html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
 
 <head>
 <title>验证码</title>
 </head>
 <body>
 <table>
 <tr>
 <td nowrap width="437"></td>
 <td>
  <img id="img" src="/image" />
  <a href='#' οnclick="javascript:changeImg()" style="color:white;"><label style="color:black;">看不清？</label></a>
 </td>
 </tr>
 </table>
 <!-- 触发JS刷新-->
 <script type="text/javascript">
 function changeImg(){
 var img = document.getElementById("img"); 
 img.src = "/image?date=" + new Date();
 }
</script>
</body>
</html>

1.3.获取验证码图片

@RequestMapping(value="/getImage",method=RequestMethod.GET)
 public void authImage(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
 response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
 response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
 response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
 response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
 // 生成随机字串
 String verifyCode = VerifyCodeUtils.generateVerifyCode(4);
 // 存入会话session
 HttpSession session = request.getSession(true);
 // 删除以前的
 session.removeAttribute("verCode");
 session.removeAttribute("codeTime");
 session.setAttribute("verCode", verifyCode.toLowerCase());
 session.setAttribute("codeTime", LocalDateTime.now());
 // 生成图片
 int w = 100, h = 30;
 OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
 VerifyCodeUtils.outputImage(w, h, out, verifyCode);
 }

1.4 核对验证码

 @RequestMapping(value="validImage",method=RequestMethod.GET)
 public String validImage(HttpServletRequest request,HttpSession session){
 String code = request.getParameter("code");
 Object verCode = session.getAttribute("verCode");
 if (null == verCode) {
 request.setAttribute("errmsg", "验证码已失效，请重新输入");
 return "验证码已失效，请重新输入";
 }
 String verCodeStr = verCode.toString();
 LocalDateTime localDateTime = (LocalDateTime)session.getAttribute("codeTime");
 long past = localDateTime.atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toInstant().toEpochMilli();
 long now = LocalDateTime.now().atZone(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toInstant().toEpochMilli();
 if(verCodeStr == null || code == null || code.isEmpty() || !verCodeStr.equalsIgnoreCase(code)){
 request.setAttribute("errmsg", "验证码错误");
 return "验证码错误";
 } else if((now-past)/1000/60>5){
 request.setAttribute("errmsg", "验证码已过期，重新获取");
 return "验证码已过期，重新获取";
 } else {
 //验证成功，删除存储的验证码
 session.removeAttribute("verCode");
 return "200";
 }
 }

2、VerifyCodeUtils的工具类

package com.example.springboot.demo.util.varcode;
 
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;
 
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
 
public class VerifyCodeUtils{
 
 //使用到Algerian字体，系统里没有的话需要安装字体，字体只显示大写，去掉了1,0,i,o几个容易混淆的字符
 public static final String VERIFY_CODES = "23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
 private static Random random = new Random();
 
 
 /**
 * 使用系统默认字符源生成验证码
 * @param verifySize 验证码长度
 * @return
 */
 public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize){
 return generateVerifyCode(verifySize, VERIFY_CODES);
 }
 /**
 * 使用指定源生成验证码
 * @param verifySize 验证码长度
 * @param sources 验证码字符源
 * @return
 */
 public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize, String sources){
 if(sources == null || sources.length() == 0){
  sources = VERIFY_CODES;
 }
 int codesLen = sources.length();
 Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
 StringBuilder verifyCode = new StringBuilder(verifySize);
 for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){
  verifyCode.append(sources.charAt(rand.nextInt(codesLen-1)));
 }
 return verifyCode.toString();
 }
 
 /**
 * 生成随机验证码文件,并返回验证码值
 * @param w
 * @param h
 * @param outputFile
 * @param verifySize
 * @return
 * @throws IOException
 */
 public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, int verifySize) throws IOException{
 String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
 outputImage(w, h, outputFile, verifyCode);
 return verifyCode;
 }
 
 /**
 * 输出随机验证码图片流,并返回验证码值
 * @param w
 * @param h
 * @param os
 * @param verifySize
 * @return
 * @throws IOException
 */
 public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, int verifySize) throws IOException{
 String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
 outputImage(w, h, os, verifyCode);
 return verifyCode;
 }
 
 /**
 * 生成指定验证码图像文件
 * @param w 
 * @param h
 * @param outputFile
 * @param code
 * @throws IOException
 */
 public static void outputImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, String code) throws IOException{
 if(outputFile == null){
  return;
 }
 File dir = outputFile.getParentFile();
 if(!dir.exists()){
  dir.mkdirs();
 }
 try{
  outputFile.createNewFile();
  FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);
  outputImage(w, h, fos, code);
  fos.close();
 } catch(IOException e){
  throw e;
 }
 }
 
 /**
 * 输出指定验证码图片流
 * @param w
 * @param h
 * @param os
 * @param code
 * @throws IOException
 */
 public static void outputImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, String code) throws IOException{
 int verifySize = code.length();
 BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
 Random rand = new Random();
 Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();
 g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
 Color[] colors = new Color[5];
 Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[] { Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN,
  Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE,
  Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW };
 float[] fractions = new float[colors.length];
 for(int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++){
  colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)];
  fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat();
 }
 Arrays.sort(fractions);
  
 g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);// 设置边框色
 g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
  
 Color c = getRandColor(200, 250);
 g2.setColor(c);// 设置背景色
 g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h-4);
  
 //绘制干扰线
 Random random = new Random();
 g2.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));// 设置线条的颜色
 for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
  int x = random.nextInt(w - 1);
  int y = random.nextInt(h - 1);
  int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
  int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
  g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 40, y + yl + 20);
 }
  
 // 添加噪点
 float yawpRate = 0.05f;// 噪声率
 int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h);
 for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
  int x = random.nextInt(w);
  int y = random.nextInt(h);
  int rgb = getRandomIntColor();
  image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);
 }
  
 shear(g2, w, h, c);// 使图片扭曲
 
 g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160));
 int fontSize = h-4;
 Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize);
 g2.setFont(font);
 char[] chars = code.toCharArray();
 for(int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++){
  AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform();
  affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1), (w / verifySize) * i + fontSize/2, h/2);
  g2.setTransform(affine);
  g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w-10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h/2 + fontSize/2 - 10);
 }
  
 g2.dispose();
 ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", os);
 }
 
 private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
 if (fc > 255)
  fc = 255;
 if (bc > 255)
  bc = 255;
 int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
 int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
 int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
 return new Color(r, g, b);
 }
 
 private static int getRandomIntColor() {
 int[] rgb = getRandomRgb();
 int color = 0;
 for (int c : rgb) {
  color = color << 8;
  color = color | c;
 }
 return color;
 }
 
 private static int[] getRandomRgb() {
 int[] rgb = new int[3];
 for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
  rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255);
 }
 return rgb;
 }
 
 private static void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
 shearX(g, w1, h1, color);
 shearY(g, w1, h1, color);
 }
 
 private static void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
 
 int period = random.nextInt(2);
 
 boolean borderGap = true;
 int frames = 1;
 int phase = random.nextInt(2);
 
 for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {
  double d = (double) (period >> 1)
   * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
    + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
    / (double) frames);
  g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);
  if (borderGap) {
  g.setColor(color);
  g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);
  g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);
  }
 }
 
 }
 
 private static void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
 
 int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;
 
 boolean borderGap = true;
 int frames = 20;
 int phase = 7;
 for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {
  double d = (double) (period >> 1)
   * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
    + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
    / (double) frames);
  g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);
  if (borderGap) {
  g.setColor(color);
  g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);
  g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);
  }
 
 }
 
 }
 }
}

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