Python操作qml对象过程详解
人气:01. 如何在python里获得qml里的对象?
1.1 获取根对象
QML:
import QtQuick 2.12 import QtQuick.Controls 2.12 ApplicationWindow { id: window width: 250 height: 500 visible: true // ... }
Python:
使用QQmlApplicationEngine类的rootObjects方法,返回的是一个列表,取索引0即是根对象。
engine = QQmlApplicationEngine() engine.load('qml-test.qml') root_obj = engine.rootObjects()[0]
这样就会获得id为window的ApplicationWindow对象。
1.2 获取任意对象
需要在qml文件中加入objecName属性!
QML:
import QtQuick 2.12 import QtQuick.Controls 2.12 ApplicationWindow { id: window width: 250 height: 500 visible: true Text { id: txt objectName: "txt" text: "Click Me" font.pixelSize: 20 anchors.centerIn: parent } }
Python:
engine = QQmlApplicationEngine() engine.load('qml-test.qml') txt_obj = engine.rootObjects()[0].findChild(QObject, "txt")
2. 如何在python里读取和设置qml对象的属性和值?
2.1 读取对象的属性(如Text对象)
首先通过 findChild 获取Text对象(注意 txt 是qml文件里的 objectName):
txt_obj = engine.rootObjects()[0].findChild(QObject, "txt")
然后获取Text对象的text属性(使用 property):
txt_value = txt_obj.property("text")
2.2 设置对象的属性
使用setProperty方法可以更改对象的属性值。
txt_obj.setProperty("text", "Clicked!")
完整代码:
import sys from PyQt5.QtCore import QObject from PyQt5.QtGui import QGuiApplication from PyQt5.QtQml import QQmlApplicationEngine app = QGuiApplication(sys.argv) engine = QQmlApplicationEngine() engine.load('qml-test.qml') # 根对象 root_obj = engine.rootObjects()[0] # Text对象 txt_obj = engine.rootObjects()[0].findChild(QObject, "txt") # 读取属性值 txt_value = txt_obj.property("text") # 设置属性值 txt_obj.setProperty("text", "Clicked!") sys.exit(app.exec())
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