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Laravel5.1 框架登录和注册实现方法详解

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本文实例讲述了Laravel5.1 框架登录和注册实现方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

关于登录和注册 Laravel自带了一套组件实现了这一功能,我们只需要实现简单的视图即可。

AuthController是专门管理用户注册和登录的。

PassWordController是重置密码用的,今天暂不做记录。

1 配置

我们可以在 config/auth.php 文件中进行用户认证的配置:

<?php
return [
  /*
  |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
  | Default Authentication Driver
  |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
  |
  | This option controls the authentication driver that will be utilized.
  | This driver manages the retrieval and authentication of the users
  | attempting to get access to protected areas of your application.
  |
  | Supported: "database", "eloquent"
  |
  */
  'driver' => 'eloquent',
  /*
  |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
  | Authentication Model
  |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
  |
  | When using the "Eloquent" authentication driver, we need to know which
  | Eloquent model should be used to retrieve your users. Of course, it
  | is often just the "User" model but you may use whatever you like.
  |
  */
  'model' => App\User::class,
  /*
  |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
  | Authentication Table
  |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
  |
  | When using the "Database" authentication driver, we need to know which
  | table should be used to retrieve your users. We have chosen a basic
  | default value but you may easily change it to any table you like.
  |
  */
  'table' => 'users',
  /*
  |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
  | Password Reset Settings
  |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
  |
  | Here you may set the options for resetting passwords including the view
  | that is your password reset e-mail. You can also set the name of the
  | table that maintains all of the reset tokens for your application.
  |
  | The expire time is the number of minutes that the reset token should be
  | considered valid. This security feature keeps tokens short-lived so
  | they have less time to be guessed. You may change this as needed.
  |
  */
  'password' => [
    'email' => 'emails.password',
    'table' => 'password_resets',
    'expire' => 60,
  ],
];

这是默认的配置,注释写的很清楚了 如果有特别需要可以做更改,一般情况中我们使用默认的就OK。

2 创建路由

/**
 * 用户认证
 */
// getLogin 用于展示登录表单。
Route::get('/auth/login', 'Auth\AuthController@getLogin');
// postLogin 用于提交用户登录数据。
Route::post('/auth/login', 'Auth\AuthController@postLogin');
// getLogout 用于退出登录。
Route::get('/auth/logout', 'Auth\AuthController@getLogout');
/**
 * 用户注册
 */
// getRegister 用于展示注册表单。
Route::get('/auth/register', 'Auth\AuthController@getRegister');
// postRegister 用于提交用户注册数据。
Route::post('/auth/register', 'Auth\AuthController@postRegister');

3 注册实现

3.1 编写视图

注册视图的路径必须放在 views/auth/ 目录中 并命名为 register.blade.php。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>用户注册</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.4/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-2">
      <div class="panel panel-default">
        <div class="panel-heading">Register</div>
        <div class="panel-body">
          <form action="{{ url('/auth/register') }}" method="post" role="form" class="form-horizontal">
            <input type="hidden" name="_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}">
            <div class="form-group">
              <label class="col-md-4 control-label">用户名:</label>
              <div class="col-md-6">
                <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control" autofocus>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
              <label class="col-md-4 control-label">邮箱:</label>
              <div class="col-md-6">
                <input type="email" name="email" class="form-control">
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
              <label class="col-md-4 control-label">密码:</label>
              <div class="col-md-6">
                <input type="password" name="password" class="form-control">
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
              <label class="col-md-4 control-label">确认密码:</label>
              <div class="col-md-6">
                <input type="password" name="password_confirmation" class="form-control">
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
              <div class="col-md-offset-4 col-md-8">
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">注册</button>
              </div>
            </div>
          </form>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

3.2 修改跳转URL

注册后跳转的URL有时候不是我们想要的,你可以自定义跳转路由,在AuthController中添加即可:

protected $redirectPath = '/';

4 登录实现

我们注册后已经有了用户了 现在可以试试登录的实现了。

4.1 编写视图

登录的视图路径也是有规定的:views/auth/ 然后命名为:login.balde.php

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>用户登录</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.4/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-2">
      <div class="panel panel-default">
        <div class="panel-heading">Login</div>
        <div class="panel-body">
          <form action="{{ url('/auth/login') }}" method="post" role="form" class="form-horizontal">
            <input type="hidden" name="_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}">
            <div class="form-group">
              <label class="col-md-4 control-label">邮箱:</label>
              <div class="col-md-6">
                <input type="email" name="email" class="form-control">
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
              <label class="col-md-4 control-label">密码:</label>
              <div class="col-md-6">
                <input type="password" name="password" class="form-control">
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
              <div class="col-md-offset-4 col-md-8">
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">登录</button>
              </div>
            </div>
          </form>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

4.2 登录后跳转

登录后的跳转跟注册后的跳转是一样的:

protected $redirectPath = '/';

4.3 登录失败跳转

当登录失败了Laravel会默认跳转回 auth/login 路由,这也是可以自定义的:

protected $loginPath = '/error';

4.4 修改登录用户名

默认的登陆用户名是邮箱,我们可以在AuthController中自定义:

// 该属性默认为email,改成name是以用户名作为账号类型登录。
protected $username = 'name';

4.5 查看用户信息

我们可以通过Auth门面的方法来访问已经登录进来的用户:

Auth::user()

4.6 检查用户是否登录

if (Auth::check()) {
  // 这个用户已经登录...
}

4.7 用于登录失败次数限制

Laravel支持这种逻辑,我们只需要在AuthController中引入 ThrottlesLogins 这个trait 即可。一分钟内登录5次都不成功就会锁闭一分钟,它是基于 用户名/邮箱和IP地址的。

5 登出用户

我们只需要访问 /auth/logout 就可以登出用户了,当然还有一个方法 就是Auth门面方法:

Auth::logout();

希望本文所述对大家基于Laravel框架的PHP程序设计有所帮助。

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