Spring Boot读取配置文件与优先级 详解Spring Boot读取配置文件与配置文件优先级
良辰美景TT 人气:0Spring Boot读取配置文件
1)通过注入ApplicationContext 或者 Environment对象来读取配置文件里的配置信息。
package com.ivan.config.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.core.env.Environment; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class ConfigController { @Autowired ApplicationContext context; @Autowired Environment environment; @RequestMapping(value="/config", method={RequestMethod.GET}) public String getConfigContent(){ String name = context.getEnvironment().getProperty("db.user.name"); return name; } @RequestMapping(value="/configEnv", method={RequestMethod.GET}) public String getConfigEnvironment(){ String name = environment.getProperty("db.user.name"); return name; } }
2)通过@ConfigurationProperties配合@PropertySource读取配置文件里的配置信息。
1:通过@PropertySource指定当前类里属性的配置文件地址,ConfigurationProperties可以指定配置的前缀,@Configuration用于定义一个配置类:
package com.ivan.config.entity; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource; @Configuration @PropertySource("classpath:config/druid.properties") @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "druid") public class DruidConfig { private int initialSize; private int minIdle; private int maxActive; private int maxWait; private String validationQuery; private boolean testWhileIdle; private boolean testOnBorrow; private boolean testOnReturn; public int getInitialSize() { return initialSize; } public void setInitialSize(int initialSize) { this.initialSize = initialSize; } public int getMinIdle() { return minIdle; } public void setMinIdle(int minIdle) { this.minIdle = minIdle; } public int getMaxActive() { return maxActive; } public void setMaxActive(int maxActive) { this.maxActive = maxActive; } public int getMaxWait() { return maxWait; } public void setMaxWait(int maxWait) { this.maxWait = maxWait; } public String getValidationQuery() { return validationQuery; } public void setValidationQuery(String validationQuery) { this.validationQuery = validationQuery; } public boolean isTestWhileIdle() { return testWhileIdle; } public void setTestWhileIdle(boolean testWhileIdle) { this.testWhileIdle = testWhileIdle; } public boolean isTestOnBorrow() { return testOnBorrow; } public void setTestOnBorrow(boolean testOnBorrow) { this.testOnBorrow = testOnBorrow; } public boolean isTestOnReturn() { return testOnReturn; } public void setTestOnReturn(boolean testOnReturn) { this.testOnReturn = testOnReturn; } @Override public String toString() { return "DruidConfig [initialSize=" + initialSize + ", minIdle=" + minIdle + ", maxActive=" + maxActive + ", maxWait=" + maxWait + ", validationQuery=" + validationQuery + ", testWhileIdle=" + testWhileIdle + ", testOnBorrow=" + testOnBorrow + ", testOnReturn=" + testOnReturn + "]"; } }
2:对应的配置文件:
druid.initialSize=5 druid.minIdle=5 druid.maxActive=20 druid.maxWait=60000 druid.validationQuery=select 'x' druid.testWhileIdle=true druid.testOnBorrow=true druid.testOnReturn=true
3:在需要用到的类通过@Autowired注入
package com.ivan.config.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.ivan.config.entity.DruidConfig; @RestController public class DruidConfigController { @Autowired public DruidConfig druidConfig; @RequestMapping(value="/druidConfig", method={RequestMethod.GET}) public String getDruidConfig(){ return druidConfig.toString(); } }
3)通过@Value注解
1:需要得到配置属性的类如下,可以在任何需要得到配置的地方用@Value注解
package com.ivan.config.entity; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration public class ValueTest { @Value("${db.user.name}") private String username; public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } }
2:测试Controller类通过@Autowired注入实体类
package com.ivan.config.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.ivan.config.entity.ValueTest; @RestController public class ValueController { @Autowired private ValueTest value; @RequestMapping(value="/configValue", method={RequestMethod.GET}) public String getConfig(){ return value.getUsername(); } }
Spring boot 配置文件优先级:
1:命令行参数。(以--开头的参数,比如可以设置:--server.port对同一套代码设置不同的参数)
2: 通过 System.getProperties() 获取的 Java 系统参数。
3:操作系统环境变量(这解释了为什么你通过application.properties设置的user.name取的是系统的用户名了)
4:从 java:comp/env 得到的 JNDI 属性。
5: 应用 Jar 文件之外的属性文件(系统的application.properties文件)
6:应用 Jar 文件内部的属性文件。
7: 在应用配置 Java 类(包含“@Configuration”注解的 Java 类)中通过“@PropertySource”注解声明的属性文件。
8: 通过“SpringApplication.setDefaultProperties”声明的默认属性。
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