Android自定义键盘 Android自定义键盘的实现(数字键盘和字母键盘)
浪淘沙xud 人气:4在项目中,产品对于输入方式会有特殊的要求,需要对输入方式增加特定的限制,这就需要采用自定义键盘。本文主要讲述数字键盘和字母键盘的自定义实现。
项目地址:https://github.com/xudjx/djkeyboard
键盘效果:
自定义键盘的实现步骤如下:
- 自定义CustomKeyboard, 继承自系统Keyboard,实现KeyboardView.OnKeyboardActionListener相关接口,以处理用户的点击回调;
- 自定义CustomKeyboardView, 继承自KeyboardView,实现自定义键盘绘制;
- 创建KeyboardManager, 用于处理自定义键盘的显示以及和输入UI的交互
自定义CustomKeyboard
Android系统Keyboard的构造方法如下:
/** * Creates a keyboard from the given xml key layout file. * @param context the application or service context * @param xmlLayoutResId the resource file that contains the keyboard layout and keys. */ public Keyboard(Context context, int xmlLayoutResId) { this(context, xmlLayoutResId, 0); } /** * Creates a keyboard from the given xml key layout file. Weeds out rows * that have a keyboard mode defined but don't match the specified mode. * @param context the application or service context * @param xmlLayoutResId the resource file that contains the keyboard layout and keys. * @param modeId keyboard mode identifier * @param width sets width of keyboard * @param height sets height of keyboard */ public Keyboard(Context context, @XmlRes int xmlLayoutResId, int modeId, int width, int height) { ... }
其中,参数xmlLayoutResId是必须的,另外还可以通过计算系统键盘的高度来设定自定义键盘的高度。
xmlLayoutRes的格式如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <Keyboard android:keyWidth="24.9%p" android:keyHeight="49dp" android:horizontalGap="0.1333%p" android:verticalGap="1px" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <Row> <Key android:codes="49" android:keyEdgeFlags="left" android:keyLabel="1" /> <Key android:codes="50" android:keyLabel="2" /> <Key android:codes="51" android:keyLabel="3" /> <Key android:codes="-5" android:iconPreview="@drawable/key_num_del_bg" android:isRepeatable="true"/> </Row> ... </Keyboard>
详细的数字键盘和字母键盘xmlLayoutRes资源文件可以从以下链接获取:
数字键盘xmlLayoutRes
字母键盘xmlLayoutRes
CustomKeyboard主要目的就是赋予xmlLayoutRes并实现特定按键的点击处理,其主要重载的方法是onKey(int primaryCode, int[] keyCodes)。详细代码如下:
public abstract class BaseKeyboard extends Keyboard implements KeyboardView.OnKeyboardActionListener{ @Override public void onKey(int primaryCode, int[] keyCodes) { if(null != mEditText && mEditText.hasFocus() && !handleSpecialKey(primaryCode)) { Editable editable = mEditText.getText(); int start = mEditText.getSelectionStart(); int end = mEditText.getSelectionEnd(); if (end > start){ editable.delete(start,end); } if(primaryCode == KEYCODE_DELETE) { if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(editable)) { if(start > 0) { editable.delete(start-1,start); } } }else if(primaryCode == getKeyCode(R.integer.hide_keyboard)){ hideKeyboard(); }else { editable.insert(start,Character.toString((char) primaryCode)); } } } public abstract boolean handleSpecialKey(int primaryCode); }
如上所示是BaseKeyboard,数字键盘和字母键盘需要继承它,并实现public abstract boolean handleSpecialKey(int primaryCode)方法。
自定义CustomKeyboardView
KeyboardView 是承载不同的keyboard并绘制keyboard, 是键盘布局的绘制板, 并与系统交互。通过继承KeyboardView自定义CustomKeyboardView,可以对按键样式实现自定义。考察KeyboardView的源码,发现其UI样式都是private类型,这就需要通过反射的方式获取特定的UI属性,并重新进行赋值,同时重载onDraw()方法,在onDraw()中重新绘制。
详细代码可以参考github源码: BaseKeyBoardView源码
自定义键盘的UI效果如下:
数字键盘
字母键盘
创建KeyboardManager
主要处理以下功能逻辑:
- 绑定EditText和Keyboard,监听EditText的OnFocusChangeListener,处理键盘弹出和键盘掩藏;
- 处理系统键盘和自定义键盘之间的切换关系;
- 处理键盘区域其他自定义view的显示,比如需要让键盘自动搜索功能时,可在manager中进行相关处理
以绑定EditText为例:
public void bindToEditor(EditText editText, BaseKeyboard keyboard) { hideSystemSoftKeyboard(editText); editText.setTag(R.id.bind_keyboard_2_editor, keyboard); if (keyboard.getKeyStyle() == null) { keyboard.setKeyStyle(mDefaultKeyStyle); } editText.setOnFocusChangeListener(editorFocusChangeListener); } private final View.OnFocusChangeListener editorFocusChangeListener = new View.OnFocusChangeListener() { @Override public void onFocusChange(final View v, boolean hasFocus) { if (v instanceof EditText) { if (hasFocus) { v.postDelayed(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { showSoftKeyboard((EditText) v); } },300); } else { hideSoftKeyboard(); } } } }; public void showSoftKeyboard(EditText editText) { mRootView.addOnLayoutChangeListener(mOnLayoutChangeListener); BaseKeyboard keyboard = getBindKeyboard(editText); if (keyboard == null) { Log.e(TAG, "edit text not bind to keyboard"); return; } keyboard.setEditText(editText); keyboard.setNextFocusView(mKeyboardWithSearchView.getEditText()); initKeyboard(keyboard); ... }
键盘的使用方式非常简单, 通过KeyboardManager实现调用
数字键盘:
KeyboardManager keyboardManagerNumber = new KeyboardManager(this); keyboardManagerNumber.bindToEditor(editText2, new NumberKeyboard(context,NumberKeyboard.DEFAULT_NUMBER_XML_LAYOUT));
字母键盘:
KeyboardManager keyboardManagerAbc = new KeyboardManager(this); keyboardManagerAbc.bindToEditor(editText1, new ABCKeyboard(context, ABCKeyboard.DEFAULT_ABC_XML_LAYOUT));
至此,自定义键盘的实现就介绍完了,文中介绍的更多还是实现的思路,具体实现可以参考github,有需要的用户也可以直接修改项目的源码。
加载全部内容