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Spring Boot使用Redis实现session共享 Spring Boot高级教程之使用Redis实现session共享

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Redis是一个缓存消息中间件及具有丰富特性的键值存储系统。Spring BootJedis客户端库和由Spring Data Redis提供的基于Jedis客户端的抽象提供自动配置。spring-boot-starter-redis'Starter POM'为收集依赖提供一种便利的方式。

引入spring-boot-starter-redis,在pom.xml配置文件中增加配置如下(基于之前章节“Spring Boot 构建框架”中的pom.xml文件):

<dependency> 
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-redis</artifactId> 
</dependency>

可以注入一个自动配置的RedisConnectionFactoryStringRedisTemplate或普通的跟其他Spring Bean相同的RedisTemplate实例。默认情况下,这个实例将尝试使用localhost:6379连接Redis服务器。

@Component
public class MyBean {
  private StringRedisTemplate template;
  
  @Autowired
  public MyBean(StringRedisTemplate template) {
    this.template = template;
  }
  // ...
}

如果添加一个自己的任何自动配置类型的@Bean,它将替换默认的(除了RedisTemplate的情况,它是根据bean的名称'redisTemplate'而不是它的类型进行排除的)。如果在classpath路径下存在commons-pool2,默认会获得一个连接池工厂。

应用使用Redis案例

添加配置文件,配置内容如下:

# REDIS (RedisProperties)
# Redis服务器地址
spring.redis.host=192.168.0.58
# Redis服务器连接端口
spring.redis.port=6379 
# 连接超时时间(毫秒)
spring.redis.timeout=0

redis配置类,具体代码如下:

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 
 
@Component 
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.redis") 
public class RedisConn { 
   
  private String host; 
   
  private int port; 
   
  private int timeout; 
 
 
  public String getHost() { 
    return host; 
  } 
 
  public void setHost(String host) { 
    this.host = host; 
  } 
 
  public int getPort() { 
    return port; 
  } 
 
  public void setPort(int port) { 
    this.port = port; 
  } 
 
  public int getTimeout() { 
    return timeout; 
  } 
 
  public void setTimeout(int timeout) { 
    this.timeout = timeout; 
  } 
 
  @Override 
  public String toString() { 
    return "Redis [localhost=" + host + ", port=" + port + ", timeout=" + timeout + "]"; 
  } 
   
 
}

注意:在RedisConn类中注解@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.Redis")的作用是读取springboot的默认配置文件信息中以spring.redis开头的信息。

配置cache类

import java.lang.reflect.Method; 
import java.util.HashMap; 
import java.util.Map; 
 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; 
import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager; 
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport; 
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching; 
import org.springframework.cache.interceptor.KeyGenerator; 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource; 
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager; 
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory; 
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory; 
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; 
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate; 
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 
 
import com.cachemodle.RedisConn; 
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect; 
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor; 
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; 
 
/** 
* 
* @author sandsa redis cache service 
* 
*/ 
 
@Configuration 
@EnableCaching 
public class RedisConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport { 
 
  @Autowired 
  private RedisConn redisConn; 
   
  /** 
  * 生产key的策略 
  * 
  * @return 
  */ 
 
  @Bean 
  @Override 
  public KeyGenerator keyGenerator() { 
    return new KeyGenerator() { 
 
      @Override 
      public Object generate(Object target, Method method, Object... params) { 
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 
        sb.append(target.getClass().getName()); 
        sb.append(method.getName()); 
        for (Object obj : params) { 
          sb.append(obj.toString()); 
        } 
        return sb.toString(); 
      } 
    }; 
 
  } 
 
  /** 
  * 管理缓存 
  * 
  * @param redisTemplate 
  * @return 
  */ 
 
  @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") 
  @Bean 
  public CacheManager CacheManager(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) { 
    RedisCacheManager rcm = new RedisCacheManager(redisTemplate); 
    // 设置cache过期时间,时间单位是秒 
    rcm.setDefaultExpiration(60); 
    Map<String, Long> map = new HashMap<String, Long>(); 
    map.put("test", 60L); 
    rcm.setExpires(map); 
    return rcm; 
  } 
   
  /** 
  * redis 数据库连接池 
  * @return 
  */ 
 
  @Bean 
  public JedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory() { 
    JedisConnectionFactory factory = new JedisConnectionFactory(); 
    factory.setHostName(redisConn.getHost()); 
    factory.setPort(redisConn.getPort()); 
    factory.setTimeout(redisConn.getTimeout()); // 设置连接超时时间 
    return factory; 
  } 
 
  /** 
  * redisTemplate配置 
  * 
  * @param factory 
  * @return 
  */ 
  @SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes", "unchecked" }) 
  @Bean 
  public RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) { 
    StringRedisTemplate template = new StringRedisTemplate(factory); 
    Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class); 
    ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper(); 
    om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY); 
    om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL); 
    jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om); 
    template.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); 
    template.afterPropertiesSet(); 
    return template; 
  } 
 
}

分析:缓存类继承的是CachingConfigurerSupport,它把读取的配置文件信息的RedisConn类对象注入到这个类中。在这个类中keyGenerator()方法是key的生成策略,CacheManager()方法是缓存管理策略,redisConnectionFactory()是redis连接,redisTemplate()方法是redisTemplate配置信息,配置后使redis中能存储Java对象。

测试配置是否成功,实例:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(Application.class)
public class TestRedis {
  @Autowired
  private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate; // 处理字符串
  
  @Autowired
  private RedisTemplate redisTemplate; // 处理对象
  @Test
  public void test() throws Exception {
    stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("yoodb", "123");
    Assert.assertEquals("123", stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("yoodb"));
  }
}

简单封装的Redis工具类,代码如下:

import java.io.Serializable; 
import java.util.Set; 
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; 
 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; 
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 
 
@Component 
public class RedisUtils { 
 
  @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") 
  @Autowired 
  private RedisTemplate redisTemplate; 
 
  /** 
   * 批量删除对应的value 
   * 
   * @param keys 
   */ 
  public void remove(final String... keys) { 
    for (String key : keys) { 
      remove(key); 
    } 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 批量删除key 
   * 
   * @param pattern 
   */ 
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 
  public void removePattern(final String pattern) { 
    Set<Serializable> keys = redisTemplate.keys(pattern); 
    if (keys.size() > 0) 
      redisTemplate.delete(keys); 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 删除对应的value 
   * 
   * @param key 
   */ 
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 
  public void remove(final String key) { 
    if (exists(key)) { 
      redisTemplate.delete(key); 
    } 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 判断缓存中是否有对应的value 
   * 
   * @param key 
   * @return 
   */ 
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 
  public boolean exists(final String key) { 
    return redisTemplate.hasKey(key); 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 读取缓存 
   * 
   * @param key 
   * @return 
   */ 
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 
  public Object get(final String key) { 
    Object result = null; 
    ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue(); 
    result = operations.get(key); 
    return result; 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 写入缓存 
   * 
   * @param key 
   * @param value 
   * @return 
   */ 
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 
  public boolean set(final String key, Object value) { 
    boolean result = false; 
    try { 
      ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue(); 
      operations.set(key, value); 
      result = true; 
    } catch (Exception e) { 
      e.printStackTrace(); 
    } 
    return result; 
  } 
 
  /** 
   * 写入缓存 
   * 
   * @param key 
   * @param value 
   * @return 
   */ 
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 
  public boolean set(final String key, Object value, Long expireTime) { 
    boolean result = false; 
    try { 
      ValueOperations<Serializable, Object> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue(); 
      operations.set(key, value); 
      redisTemplate.expire(key, expireTime, TimeUnit.SECONDS); 
      result = true; 
    } catch (Exception e) { 
      e.printStackTrace(); 
    } 
    return result; 
  } 
 
}

查询数据库时自动使用缓存,根据方法生成缓存,参考代码如下:

@Service
public class UserService {
 @Cacheable(value = "redis-key")
 public UserInfo getUserInfo(Long id, String sex, int age, String name) {
   System.out.println("无缓存时调用----数据库查询");
   return new UserInfo(id, sex, age, name);
 }
}

注意:value的值就是缓存到redis中的key,此key是需要自己在进行增加缓存信息时定义的key,用于标识唯一性的。

Session 共享

分布式系统中session共享有很多不错的解决方案,其中托管到缓存中是比较常见的方案之一,下面利用Session-spring-session-data-redis实现session共享。

引入依赖,在pom.xml配置文件中增加如下内容:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.session</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-session-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

Session配置,具体代码如下:

@Configuration
@EnableRedisHttpSession(maxInactiveIntervalInSeconds = 86400*30)
public class SessionConfig {
}

maxInactiveIntervalInSeconds: 设置Session失效时间,使用Redis Session之后,原Spring Bootserver.session.timeout属性不再生效。

测试实例,具体代码如下:

@RequestMapping("uid")
String uid(HttpSession session) {
UUID uid = (UUID) session.getAttribute("uid");
if (uid == null) {
uid = UUID.randomUUID();
}
session.setAttribute("uid", uid);
return session.getId();
}

登录redis服务端,输入命令keys 'session*',查看缓存是否成功。

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