OpenCV Java环境搭建 详解OpenCV For Java环境搭建与功能演示
gloomyfish 人气:0OpenCV概述
OpenCV做为功能强大的计算机视觉开源框架,包含了500多个算法实现,而且还在不断增加,其最新版本已经更新到3.2。其SDK支持Android与Java平台开发,对于常见的图像处理需求几乎都可以满足,理应成为广大Java与Android程序员的首先的图像处理框架。Java中使用OpenCV的配置及其简单,可以毫不客气的说几乎是零配置都可以。
一:配置
配置引入OpenCV相关jar包,首先要下载OpenCV的自解压版本,下载地址: http://opencv.org/opencv-3-2.html
然后拉到网页的最下方,下载Windows自解压开发包
下载好了双击解压缩之后找到build路径,显示如下:
双击打开Java文件夹,
里面有一个jar直接导入到Eclipse中的新建项目中去, 然后把x64里面的dll文件copy到Eclipse中使用的Java JDK bin和jre/bin目录下面即可。环境就配置好啦,简单吧!配置好的最终项目结构:
二:加载图像与像素操作
读入一张图像 -, 一句话搞定
Mat src = Imgcodecs.imread(imageFilePath); if(src.empty()) return;
将Mat对象转换为BufferedImage对象
public BufferedImage conver2Image(Mat mat) { int width = mat.cols(); int height = mat.rows(); int dims = mat.channels(); int[] pixels = new int[width*height]; byte[] rgbdata = new byte[width*height*dims]; mat.get(0, 0, rgbdata); BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB); int index = 0; int r=0, g=0, b=0; for(int row=0; row<height; row++) { for(int col=0; col<width; col++) { if(dims == 3) { index = row*width*dims + col*dims; b = rgbdata[index]&0xff; g = rgbdata[index+1]&0xff; r = rgbdata[index+2]&0xff; pixels[row*width+col] = ((255&0xff)<<24) | ((r&0xff)<<16) | ((g&0xff)<<8) | b&0xff; } if(dims == 1) { index = row*width + col; b = rgbdata[index]&0xff; pixels[row*width+col] = ((255&0xff)<<24) | ((b&0xff)<<16) | ((b&0xff)<<8) | b&0xff; } } } setRGB( image, 0, 0, width, height, pixels); return image; }
将BufferedImage对象转换为Mat对象
public Mat convert2Mat(BufferedImage image) { int width = image.getWidth(); int height = image.getHeight(); Mat src = new Mat(new Size(width, height), CvType.CV_8UC3); int[] pixels = new int[width*height]; byte[] rgbdata = new byte[width*height*3]; getRGB( image, 0, 0, width, height, pixels ); int index = 0, c=0; int r=0, g=0, b=0; for(int row=0; row<height; row++) { for(int col=0; col<width; col++) { index = row*width + col; c = pixels[index]; r = (c&0xff0000)>>16; g = (c&0xff00)>>8; b = c&0xff; index = row*width*3 + col*3; rgbdata[index] = (byte)b; rgbdata[index+1] = (byte)g; rgbdata[index+2] = (byte)r; } } src.put(0, 0, rgbdata); return src; }
特别要说明一下,BufferedImage与Mat的RGB通道顺序是不一样,正好相反,在Mat对象中三通道的顺序为BGR而在BufferedImage中为RGB。
从Mat中读取全部像素(其中image为Mat类型数据)
int width = image.cols(); int height = image.rows(); int dims = image.channels(); byte[] data = new byte[width*height*dims]; image.get(0, 0, data);
遍历像素操作与保存改变
int index = 0; int r=0, g=0, b=0; for(int row=0; row<height; row++) { for(int col=0; col<width*dims; col+=dims) { index = row*width*dims + col; b = data[index]&0xff; g = data[index+1]&0xff; r = data[index+2]&0xff; r = 255 - r; g = 255 - g; b = 255 - b; data[index] = (byte)b; data[index+1] = (byte)g; data[index+2] = (byte)r; } } image.put(0, 0, data);
保存Mat对象为图像文件 - 一句话可以搞定
Imgcodecs.imwrite(filePath, src);
OpenCV代码运行与测试
调节明暗程度 - 亮度降低
调节明暗程度 - 亮度提升
高斯模糊
锐化
梯度
灰度化
上述效果完整Java代码如下:
package com.gloomyfish.opencvdemo; import org.opencv.core.Core; import org.opencv.core.CvType; import org.opencv.core.Mat; import org.opencv.core.Size; import org.opencv.imgproc.Imgproc; public class ImageFilters { /** - 反色处理 - */ public Mat inverse(Mat image) { int width = image.cols(); int height = image.rows(); int dims = image.channels(); byte[] data = new byte[width*height*dims]; image.get(0, 0, data); int index = 0; int r=0, g=0, b=0; for(int row=0; row<height; row++) { for(int col=0; col<width*dims; col+=dims) { index = row*width*dims + col; b = data[index]&0xff; g = data[index+1]&0xff; r = data[index+2]&0xff; r = 255 - r; g = 255 - g; b = 255 - b; data[index] = (byte)b; data[index+1] = (byte)g; data[index+2] = (byte)r; } } image.put(0, 0, data); return image; } public Mat brightness(Mat image) { // 亮度提升 Mat dst = new Mat(); Mat black = Mat.zeros(image.size(), image.type()); Core.addWeighted(image, 1.2, black, 0.5, 0, dst); return dst; } public Mat darkness(Mat image) { // 亮度降低 Mat dst = new Mat(); Mat black = Mat.zeros(image.size(), image.type()); Core.addWeighted(image, 0.5, black, 0.5, 0, dst); return dst; } public Mat gray(Mat image) { // 灰度 Mat gray = new Mat(); Imgproc.cvtColor(image, gray, Imgproc.COLOR_BGR2GRAY); return gray; } public Mat sharpen(Mat image) { // 锐化 Mat dst = new Mat(); float[] sharper = new float[]{0, -1, 0, -1, 5, -1, 0, -1, 0}; Mat operator = new Mat(3, 3, CvType.CV_32FC1); operator.put(0, 0, sharper); Imgproc.filter2D(image, dst, -1, operator); return dst; } public Mat blur(Mat image) { // 高斯模糊 Mat dst = new Mat(); Imgproc.GaussianBlur(image, dst, new Size(15, 15), 0); return dst; } public Mat gradient(Mat image) { // 梯度 Mat grad_x = new Mat(); Mat grad_y = new Mat(); Mat abs_grad_x = new Mat(); Mat abs_grad_y = new Mat(); Imgproc.Sobel(image, grad_x, CvType.CV_32F, 1, 0); Imgproc.Sobel(image, grad_y, CvType.CV_32F, 0, 1); Core.convertScaleAbs(grad_x, abs_grad_x); Core.convertScaleAbs(grad_y, abs_grad_y); grad_x.release(); grad_y.release(); Mat gradxy = new Mat(); Core.addWeighted(abs_grad_x, 0.5, abs_grad_y, 0.5, 10, gradxy); return gradxy; } }
可以说简单到哭,此外OpenCV For Java支持各种的图像处理包括形态学操作,二值图像分析、图像特征检测与识别、模板匹配、直方图相关功能等等。常见的机器学习算法与图像分析方法。可以说是功能最强大的图像处理SDK与开发平台之一,本人继续发掘分享!
特别注意
在调用之前,一定要加上这句话
System.loadLibrary(Core.NATIVE_LIBRARY_NAME);
目的是加载OpenCV API相关的DLL支持,没有它是不会正确运行的。以上代码与功能实现是基于JDK8 64位与OpenCV 3.2版本。
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