python爬虫程序 一个简单的python爬虫程序 爬取豆瓣热度Top100以内的电影信息

from urllib import request
from lxml import etree
import json
import re
import ssl


# 全局取消证书验证
ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context


def get_headers():
  """
  返回请求头信息
  :return:
  """
  headers = {
    'User-Agent': "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) "
           "AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) "
           "Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"
  }
  return headers


def get_url_content(url):
  """
  获取指定url的请求内容
  :param url:
  :return:
  """
  content = ''
  headers = get_headers()
  res = request.Request(url, headers=headers)
  try:
    resp = request.urlopen(res, timeout=10)
    content = resp.read().decode('utf-8')
  except Exception as e:
    print('exception: %s' % e)
  return content


def parse_content(content):
  """
  解析网页
  :param content:
  :return:
  """
  movie = {}
  html = etree.HTML(content)
  try:
    info = html.xpath("//div[@id='info']")[0]
    movie['director'] = info.xpath("./span[1]/span[2]/a/text()")[0]
    movie['screenwriter'] = info.xpath("./span[2]/span[2]/a/text()")[0]
    movie['actors'] = '/'.join(info.xpath("./span[3]/span[2]/a/text()"))
    movie['type'] = '/'.join(info.xpath("./span[@property='v:genre']/"
                      "text()"))
    movie['initialReleaseDate'] = '/'.\
      join(info.xpath(".//span[@property='v:initialReleaseDate']/text()"))
    movie['runtime'] = \
      info.xpath(".//span[@property='v:runtime']/text()")[0]

    def str_strip(s):
      return s.strip()

    def re_parse(key, regex):
      ret = re.search(regex, content)
      movie[key] = str_strip(ret[1]) if ret else ''

    re_parse('region', r'<span class="pl">制片国家/地区:</span>(.*?)<br/>')
    re_parse('language', r'<span class="pl">语言:</span>(.*?)<br/>')
    re_parse('imdb', r'<span class="pl">IMDb链接:</span> <a href="(.*?)" rel="external nofollow" '
             r'target="_blank" >')
  except Exception as e:
    print('解析异常: %s' % e)
  return movie


def spider():
  """
  爬取豆瓣前100部热门电影
  :return:
  """
  recommend_moives = []
  movie_api = 'https://movie.douban.com/j/search_subjects?' \
        'type=movie&tag=%E7%83%AD%E9%97%A8&sort=recommend' \
        '&page_limit=100&page_start=0'
  content = get_url_content(movie_api)
  json_dict = json.loads(content)
  subjects = json_dict['subjects']
  for subject in subjects:
    content = get_url_content(subject['url'])
    movie = parse_content(content)
    movie['title'] = subject['title']
    movie['rate'] = subject['rate']
    recommend_moives.append(movie)
    print(len(recommend_moives))
  print(recommend_moives)


if __name__ == '__main__':
  spider()