初识ASP.NET CORE
Angelasp 人气:0首先创建一个asp.net core web应用程序
第二步
目前官方预置了7种模板项目供我们选择。从中我们可以看出，既有我们熟悉的MVC、WebAPI，又新添加了Razor Page，以及结合比较流行的Angular、React前端框架的模板项目。
空项目模板
Program.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
namespace WebApplication6
{
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
CreateWebHostBuilder(args).Build().Run();
}
public static IWebHostBuilder CreateWebHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
.UseStartup<Startup>();
}
}
实质就是控制台应用
Startup.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpsPolicy;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
namespace WebApplication6
{
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.Configure<CookiePolicyOptions>(options =>
{
// This lambda determines whether user consent for non-essential cookies is needed for a given request.
options.CheckConsentNeeded = context => true;
options.MinimumSameSitePolicy = SameSiteMode.None;
});
services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_1);
}
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
else
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseCookiePolicy();
app.UseMvc();
}
}
}
提供最原始的HttpContext。
Web API
创建完整的HTTP服务，使用Controller处理请求，仅返回数据无视图返回
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
namespace WebApplication7.Controllers
{
[Route("api/[controller]")]
[ApiController]
public class ValuesController : ControllerBase
{
// GET api/values
[HttpGet]
public ActionResult<IEnumerable<string>> Get()
{
return new string[] { "value1", "value2" };
}
// GET api/values/5
[HttpGet("{id}")]
public ActionResult<string> Get(int id)
{
return "value";
}
// POST api/values
[HttpPost]
public void Post([FromBody] string value)
{
}
// PUT api/values/5
[HttpPut("{id}")]
public void Put(int id, [FromBody] string value)
{
}
// DELETE api/values/5
[HttpDelete("{id}")]
public void Delete(int id)
{
}
}
}
Startup.cs也加入了相关的MVC的服务和中间件
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpsPolicy;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
namespace WebApplication6
{
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.Configure<CookiePolicyOptions>(options =>
{
// This lambda determines whether user consent for non-essential cookies is needed for a given request.
options.CheckConsentNeeded = context => true;
options.MinimumSameSitePolicy = SameSiteMode.None;
});
services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_1);
}
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
else
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseCookiePolicy();
app.UseMvc();
}
}
}
Web 应用程序-Razor Page
在ASP.NET MVC中Razor作为一个高级视图引擎存在，Razor提供了一种新的标记语义，其大大减少了用户输入且具有表现力，主要的特点是使用@符号去书写标记。 而在ASP.NET Core中Razor不仅仅是一种视图引擎，其提供了一种新的页面设计方式——Razor Page。其主要的特点在于：
- 基于文件路径的路由系统；
- Razor Page类似于WebForm，一种MVVM的架构，支持双向绑定；
- Razor Page符合单一职责原则，每个页面独立存在，视图和代码紧密组织在一起。
Web 应用程序-MVC
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using WebApplication5.Models;
namespace WebApplication5.Controllers
{
public class HomeController : Controller
{
public IActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}
public IActionResult About()
{
ViewData["Message"] = "Your application description page.";
return View();
}
public IActionResult Contact()
{
ViewData["Message"] = "Your contact page.";
return View();
}
public IActionResult Privacy()
{
return View();
}
[ResponseCache(Duration = 0, Location = ResponseCacheLocation.None, NoStore = true)]
public IActionResult Error()
{
return View(new ErrorViewModel { RequestId = Activity.Current?.Id ?? HttpContext.TraceIdentifier });
}
}
}
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