C++中十种内部排序算法的比较分析 C++中十种内部排序算法的比较分析

#include<iostream>
#include<ctime>
#include<fstream>
 
using namespace std;
#define MAXSIZE 1000  //可排序表的最大长度
#define SORTNUM 10   //测试10中排序方法
#define max 100    //基数排序时数据的最大位数不超过百位； 
typedef struct node {
  int data3;
  int next;
} node;
typedef int DataType[MAXSIZE+2];
DataType data;
DataType data2;
DataType R1;
int size;//可排序表的长度
int head;
int fr[10];
int re[10];
long compCount;//统计比较次数
long shiftCount;//统计移动次数
 
 void BeforeSort()//对比较次数和移动次数清零
 {
   compCount=0;
   shiftCount=0;
 }
 
bool Less(int i,int j)//若表中第i个元素小于第j个元素，则返回True，否则返回False
 {
   compCount++;
   return data[i]<data[j];
 }
 
 void Swap(int i,int j)//交换表中第i个和第j个元素
 {
   int a;
   a=data[i];
   data[i]=data[j];
   data[j]=a;
   shiftCount=shiftCount+3;
 }
 
 void Shift(DataType &R,DataType &R2,int i,int j)//将R2[j]赋给R[i]
 {
   R[i]=R2[j];
   shiftCount++;
 }
 
 void CopyData(DataType list1,DataType list2)
 {
   int i;
   for(i=1;i<=size;i++) list2[i]=list1[i];
   
 }
 
 void InverseOrder()//将可排序表置为逆序
 {
   int i,j;
   for(i=1,j=size;i<=size/2;i++,j--)
   {
     int a;
     a=data[i];
     data[i]=data[j];
     data[j]=a;
   }
   CopyData(data,data2);
 }
 
 void RandomizeList()//由系统随机一组数
 {
   int i;
   srand(time(0));
   for(i=1;i<=size;i++)
     data[i]=rand()%(size+1);
   CopyData(data,data2); 
   ofstream out_stream;
   out_stream.open("input.txt",ios::app);
   if(out_stream.fail())
   {
     cout<<"input file opening failed.\n";
     exit(1);
   }
   for(i=1;i<=size;i++) out_stream<<data[i]<<" ";
   out_stream<<"\n";
   out_stream.close(); 
 }
 
void RecallList()//恢复最后一次用RandomizeList随机打乱的可排序表
 {
   CopyData(data2,data);
 }
 
 void output()//输出函数
 {
   ofstream out_stream;
   cout<<"\t"<<compCount<<"\t\t"<<shiftCount<<"\n";
   out_stream.open("output.txt",ios::app);
   if(out_stream.fail())
   {
     cout<<"Output file opening failed.\n";
     exit(1);
   }
   out_stream<<"\t"<<compCount<<"\t\t"<<shiftCount<<"\n";
   out_stream.close();   
 }
 
 void BubbleSort()//冒泡排序
 {
   BeforeSort();
   int swapped,i,m;
   m=size-1;
   do{
     swapped=0;
     for(i=1;i<=m;i++)
     {
       if(Less(i+1,i)) 
       {
         Swap(i+1,i);
         swapped=1;
       }
     }
     m--;
   }while(swapped);
   output();
 }
 
 void InsertSort() //插入排序
 {
   BeforeSort();
   int i,j;
   for(i=2;i<=size;i++)
   {
     Shift(data,data,0,i);
     j=i-1;
     while(Less(0,j)) 
     {
       Shift(data,data,j+1,j);
       j--;
     }
     Shift(data,data,j+1,0);
   }
   output();
 }
 
 void SelectSort()//选择排序
 {
   BeforeSort();
   int i,j,min;
   for(i=1;i<=size-1;i++)
   {
     min=i;
     for(j=i+1;j<=size;j++)
       if(Less(j,min)) min=j;
     if(i!=min) Swap(i,min);
   }
   output();
 }
 
 int Partition(int low,int high)
 {
   int pivotkey;
   Shift(data,data,0,low);
   pivotkey=data[low];
   while(low<high)
   {
     compCount++;
     while(low<high&&data[high]>=pivotkey) {compCount++;--high;}
     Shift(data,data,low,high);
     compCount++;
     while(low<high&&data[low]<=pivotkey) {compCount++;++low;}
     Shift(data,data,high,low);
   }
   Shift(data,data,low,0);
   return low;
 
 }
 
 void QSort(int low,int high)//QuickSort的辅助函数
 {
   int pivotloc;
   if(low<high)
   {
     pivotloc=Partition(low,high);
     QSort(low,pivotloc-1);
     QSort(pivotloc+1,high);
   }
 }
 
 void QuickSort()//快速排序
 {
   BeforeSort();
   QSort(1,size);
   output();
 }
 
 void ShellSort()//希尔排序
 {
   BeforeSort();
   int i,j,h;
   i=4;
   h=1;
   while(i<=size) 
   {
     i=i*2;
     h=2*h+1;
   }
   while (h!=0)
   {
     i=h;
     while(i<=size)
     {
       j=i-h;
       while(j>0&&Less(j+h,j))
       {
         Swap(j,j+h);
         j=j-h;
       }
       i++;
     }
     h=(h-1)/2;
   }
   output();
 }
 
 void Sift(int left,int right)//堆排序的调堆函数
 {
   int i,j,finished=0;
   i=left;
   j=2*i;
   Shift(data,data,0,left);
   Shift(data,data,MAXSIZE+1,left);
   while(j<=right&&!finished)
   {
     if(j<right&&Less(j,j+1)) j=j+1;
     if(!Less(0,j)) finished=1;
     else
     {
       Shift(data,data,i,j);
       i=j;
       j=2*i;
     }
   }
   Shift(data,data,i,MAXSIZE+1);
 }
 
 void HeapSort()//堆排序
 {
   int left,right;
   BeforeSort();
   for(left=size/2;left>=1;left--) Sift(left,size);
   for(right=size;right>=2;right--)
   {
     Swap(1,right);
     Sift(1,right-1);
   }
   output();  
 }
 
void BInsertSort()//折半插入排序
{
  BeforeSort();
  int i,low,high,m,j;
  for(i=2;i<=size;i++)
  {
    Shift(data,data,0,i);
    low=1;
    high=i-1;
    while(low<=high)
    {
      m=(low+high)/2;
      if(Less(0,m)) high=m-1;
      else low=m+1;
    }
    for(j=i-1;j>=high+1;j--) Shift(data,data,j+1,j);
    Shift(data,data,high+1,0);   
  }
  output();
}
 
void Binsort()//2-路插入排序
{
 BeforeSort();
 int i,k,j;
 int first,last;
 first=last=1;
 Shift(R1,data,1,1);
 for(i=2;i<=size;i++)
 {
   compCount++;
   if(data[i]>=R1[1])
   {
     compCount++;
     j=last;
     while(j>=1&&R1[j]>data[i])
     {
       Shift(R1,R1,j+1,j);
       j--;
       compCount++;
     }
     Shift(R1,data,j+1,i);
     last++;
   }
   else
   {
     first--;
     if(first==0) first=size;
     j=first+1;
     compCount++;
     while(j<=size&&R1[j]<=data[i])
     {
       Shift(R1,R1,j-1,j);
       j++;
       compCount++;
     }
     Shift(R1,data,j-1,i);
   }
 }
 k=1;
 j=first;
 while(k<=size)
 {
  Shift(data,R1,k,j);
  k++;
  j=(j+1)%(size+1);
  if(j==0) j=j+1;
 }
 output();
}
 
void Merge(int low,int m,int high)
{
   int i=low,j=m+1,p=1; 
   while(i<=m&&j<=high) 
   {
     if(Less(i,j)) Shift(R1,data,p++,i++);
     else Shift(R1,data,p++,j++);
   }
   while(i<=m) 
     Shift(R1,data,p++,i++);
   while(j<=high) 
     Shift(R1,data,p++,j++); 
   for(p=1,i=low;i<=high;p++,i++)
     Shift(data,R1,i,p);  
}
 
void MSort(int low, int high) 
{
 int mid; 
 if (low<high){    
  mid=(low+high)/2;   
  MSort(low, mid);   
  MSort(mid+1,high);  
  Merge(low, mid, high); 
 } 
} 
 
void MergeSort()//归并排序
{
  BeforeSort();
  MSort(1,size);
  output();
}
 
void Distribute(node *a, int w)
{
  int i;
  for (i=0; i<10; i++) fr[i] = -1;
  for (i=head; i!=-1; i=a[i].next) 
  {
    int x = a[i].data3 / w % 10;
    if (fr[x] == -1) 
    {
      fr[x] = re[x] = i;
      compCount++;
    }
    else
    {
      a[re[x]].next = i;
      re[x] = i;
      shiftCount++;
    }
  }
  for (i=0; i<10; i++)
  {
    if (fr[i] != -1) 
    {
      a[re[i]].next = -1;
    }
  }
}
 
void Collect(node *a)
{
  int i, last;
 
  last = -1;
  for (i=0; i<10; i++) 
  {
    if (fr[i] != -1) 
    {
      if (last == -1)
      {
        head = fr[i];
        last = re[i];
      }
      else {
        a[last].next = fr[i];
        last = re[i];
        shiftCount++;
      }
    }
  }
  a[last].next = -1;
}
 
void RadixSort()//基数排序算法。
{
  BeforeSort();
  ofstream out_stream;
  node* a;
  a=new node[size];
  int i,j=1;
  for (i=0; i<size; i++) {
    a[i].data3=data[i+1];
    a[i].next = i + 1;
  }
  head = 0;
  a[size-1].next = -1;
  for (i=1; i<=max; i*=10) {
    Distribute(a, i);
    Collect(a); 
  }
  cout<<"\t"<<compCount<<"\t\t"<<shiftCount<<"\n";
  while (head != -1) 
  {
    data[j++]=a[head].data3;
    head = a[head].next;
  }
  CopyData(data,data2);
   
  cout<<"\n";
  out_stream.open("output.txt",ios::app);
  out_stream<<"\t"<<compCount<<"\t\t"<<shiftCount<<"\n\n";
  out_stream.close(); 
}
 
void Initialization()//系统初始化
{
  system("cls");//清屏
  cout<<"***************************************************************************\n"
    <<"***************** 《内部排序算法的比较》 ********************************\n"
    <<"***************************************************************************\n"
    <<"************************ *主菜单* ***************************************\n"
    <<"******* 1.由系统随机产生待排序表 ****************************************\n"
    <<"******* 2.手动输入待排序表 **********************************************\n"
    <<"******* 3.返回主菜单 ****************************************************\n"
    <<"******* 4.退出程序 ******************************************************\n"
    <<"***************************************************************************\n"
    <<"请输入要执行的步骤：";
}
 
 void Interpret(int cmd)//调用各个算法
 {
   int i,j,m;
   ofstream out_stream;
   out_stream.open("output.txt",ios::app);
   if(out_stream.fail())
   {
     cout<<"Output file opening failed.\n";
     exit(1);
   }
   switch(cmd)
   {
   case 1:
     
    out_stream<<"由系统随机产生待排序表的各个算法的比较次数和移动次数如下:\n";
    out_stream<<"\tcompCount\tshiftCount\n";
    out_stream.close();
    cout<<"请输入待排序表的长度:";
    cin>>size;
    cout<<"由系统随机产生待排序表的各个算法的比较次数和移动次数如下:\n";
    RandomizeList();
    for(m=0;m<3;m++)
    {
      if(m==2) InverseOrder();
      cout<<"\t";
      for(i=1;i<=size;i++) cout<<data[i]<<" ";
      cout<<"\n";
      cout<<"\tcompCount\tshiftCount\n";    
      for(j=0;j<SORTNUM;j++)
      {
        RecallList();
        out_stream.open("output.txt",ios::app);
        if(j==0) {cout<<"Bubbl: ";out_stream<<"Bubbl: ";out_stream.close();BubbleSort();}
        if(j==1) {cout<<"Tnser: ";out_stream<<"Tnser: ";out_stream.close();InsertSort();}
        if(j==2) {cout<<"Selec: ";out_stream<<"Selec: ";out_stream.close();SelectSort();}
        if(j==3) {cout<<"Quick: ";out_stream<<"Quick: ";out_stream.close();QuickSort();}
        if(j==4) {cout<<"Shell: ";out_stream<<"Shell: ";out_stream.close();ShellSort();}
        if(j==5) {cout<<"Heap : ";out_stream<<"Heap : ";out_stream.close();HeapSort();}
        if(j==6) {cout<<"BInse: ";out_stream<<"BInse: ";out_stream.close();BInsertSort();}
        if(j==7) {cout<<"Merge: ";out_stream<<"Merge: ";out_stream.close();MergeSort();}
        if(j==8) {cout<<"Bin : ";out_stream<<"Bin : ";out_stream.close();Binsort();}
        if(j==9) {cout<<"Radix: ";out_stream<<"Radix: ";out_stream.close();RadixSort();}
         
         
      }}
       
    //}
     
    break;
   case 2:
     
     cout<<"请输入待排序表的长度：";
     cin>>size;
     cout<<"请输入"<<size<<"个数据:\n";
     for(i=1;i<=size;i++) cin>>data[i];
     CopyData(data,data2);
     out_stream<<"手动输入待排序表的各个算法的比较次数和移动次数如下:\n";
     out_stream<<"\tcompCount\tshiftCount\n";
     out_stream.close();
     cout<<"手动输入待排序表的各个算法的比较次数和移动次数如下:\n";
     cout<<"\tcompCount\tshiftCount\n";
     for(j=0;j<SORTNUM;j++)
      {
        RecallList();
        out_stream.open("output.txt",ios::app);
        if(j==0) {cout<<"Bubbl: ";out_stream<<"Bubbl: ";out_stream.close();BubbleSort();}
        if(j==1) {cout<<"Tnser: ";out_stream<<"Tnser: ";out_stream.close();InsertSort();}
        if(j==2) {cout<<"Selec: ";out_stream<<"Selec: ";out_stream.close();SelectSort();}
        if(j==3) {cout<<"Quick: ";out_stream<<"Quick: ";out_stream.close();QuickSort();}
        if(j==4) {cout<<"Shell: ";out_stream<<"Shell: ";out_stream.close();ShellSort();}
        if(j==5) {cout<<"Heap : ";out_stream<<"Heap : ";out_stream.close();HeapSort();}
        if(j==6) {cout<<"BInse: ";out_stream<<"BInse: ";out_stream.close();BInsertSort();}
        if(j==7) {cout<<"Merge: ";out_stream<<"Merge: ";out_stream.close();MergeSort();}
        if(j==8) {cout<<"Bin : ";out_stream<<"Bin : ";out_stream.close();Binsort();}
        if(j==9) {cout<<"Radix: ";out_stream<<"Radix: ";out_stream.close();RadixSort();}
       }
     break;
   case 3:
     Initialization();
     break;
   } 
 }
 
 void main()
 {
   Initialization();
   int cmd;
   do{
     cin>>cmd;
     Interpret(cmd);
   }while(cmd!=4);
 }