Jquery访问WebService 用Jquery访问WebService并返回Json的代码

时间:2021-03-17 人气:0

想了解用Jquery访问WebService并返回Json的代码的相关内容吗，在本文为您仔细讲解Jquery访问WebService的相关知识和一些Code实例，欢迎阅读和指正，我们先划重点：Jquery,WebService,Json，下面大家一起来学习吧。

在我们的应用中一般会是这样的，使用了jquery作为客户端框架，ajax请求也通常返回html或者json。html这里就不讨论了。返回json一般都是搞一个handler.ashx来处理请求，拼凑字符串来返回json。从而放弃了ws，因为ws返回的是xml，使用起来不方便。
所以我觉着比较完美的解决方法是让ws返回json而且不用asp.net ajax的客户端框是比较理想的解决方法。
通过观测发现asp.net ajax的客户端框架请求webservice的时候返回的是json，为什么webservice没有返回xml而返回了json呢？抓包分析到，关键在request的headers中 “Content-Type: application/json;utf-8” ，因此webservice就使用了json的序列化，应该是“System.Web.Script.Serialization.JavaScriptSerializer”这个类完成的工作，通过web.config的配置，把*.asmx交给了System.Web.Extensions.Dll。也就是这里还是用了asp.net ajax，不过是用的服务端部分，我这里直接用的asp.net 3.5
以上都是在啰嗦，具体的方法很简单，看例子
ws1.asmx

复制代码代码如下:

using System; 
using System.Collections; 
using System.ComponentModel; 
using System.Data; 
using System.Linq; 
using System.Web; 
using System.Web.Services; 
using System.Web.Services.Protocols; 
using System.Xml.Linq; 

namespace test2 
{ 
/// <summary> 
/// Summary description for WS1 
/// </summary> 
[WebService(Namespace = "http://onewww.org/")] 
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)] 
[ToolboxItem(false)] 

[System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService] 
public class WS1 : System.Web.Services.WebService 
{ 

[WebMethod] 
public string HelloWorld() 
{ 
return "Hello World"; 
} 

[WebMethod] 
public TestUser CreateUser(string name,int age) 
{ 
return new TestUser { Name = name, Age = age }; 
} 
} 

public class TestUser 
{ 
public string Name { get; set; } 
public int Age { get; set; } 
} 
} 

test.html

复制代码代码如下:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> 

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" > 
<head runat="server"> 
<title>Untitled Page</title> 
<script src="jquery-1.2.2.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 
</head> 
<body> 

<input type="button" onclick="requestHelloWorld();" value="请求HelloWorld" /> 
<input type="button" onclick="requestCreateUser();" value="请求CreateUser" /> 
<script type="text/javascript"> 


function requestHelloWorld(){ 
WebService('ws1.asmx/HelloWorld',function(obj){alert(obj);}); 
} 

function requestCreateUser(){ 
WebService('ws1.asmx/CreateUser',function(obj){alert(obj.Name);},'{name:"林子",age:25}'); 
} 


function WebService(url,callback,pars){ 
$.ajax({ 
data:pars, 
url: url, 
type: "POST", 
contentType: "application/json;utf-8", 
dataType:'json', 
cache: false, 
success: function(json){ 
callback(json.d); 
}, 
error:function(xml,status){ 
if(status=='error'){ 
try{ 
var json = eval('(' + xml.responseText + ')'); 
alert(json.Message+'\n'+json.StackTrace); 
}catch(e){} 
}else{ 
alert(status); 
} 
}, 
beforeSend:function(xml){ 
if(!pars) xml.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;utf-8") 
} 
}); 
} 
</script> 
</body> 
</html> 

web.config为vs2008在.net 3.5状态下创建的默认的也有很重要的作用这里贴出来

复制代码代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0"?> 
<configuration> 
<configSections> 
<sectionGroup name="system.web.extensions" type="System.Web.Configuration.SystemWebExtensionsSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"> 
<sectionGroup name="scripting" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"> 
<section name="scriptResourceHandler" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingScriptResourceHandlerSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/> 
<sectionGroup name="webServices" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingWebServicesSectionGroup, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"> 
<section name="jsonSerialization" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingJsonSerializationSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="Everywhere"/> 
<section name="profileService" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingProfileServiceSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/> 
<section name="authenticationService" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingAuthenticationServiceSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/> 
<section name="roleService" type="System.Web.Configuration.ScriptingRoleServiceSection, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" allowDefinition="MachineToApplication"/> 
</sectionGroup> 
</sectionGroup> 
</sectionGroup> 
</configSections> 
<appSettings/> 
<connectionStrings/> 
<system.web> 
<!-- 
Set compilation debug="true" to insert debugging 
symbols into the compiled page. Because this 
affects performance, set this value to true only 
during development. 
--> 
<compilation debug="true"> 
<assemblies> 
<add assembly="System.Core, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/> 
<add assembly="System.Data.DataSetExtensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/> 
<add assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> 
<add assembly="System.Xml.Linq, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/> 
</assemblies> 
</compilation> 
<!-- 
The <authentication> section enables configuration 
of the security authentication mode used by 
ASP.NET to identify an incoming user. 
--> 
<authentication mode="None"/> 
<!-- 
The <customErrors> section enables configuration 
of what to do if/when an unhandled error occurs 
during the execution of a request. Specifically, 
it enables developers to configure html error pages 
to be displayed in place of a error stack trace. 

<customErrors mode="RemoteOnly" defaultRedirect="GenericErrorPage.htm"> 
<error statusCode="403" redirect="NoAccess.htm" /> 
<error statusCode="404" redirect="FileNotFound.htm" /> 
</customErrors> 
--> 
<pages> 
<controls> 
<add tagPrefix="asp" namespace="System.Web.UI" assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> 
<add tagPrefix="asp" namespace="System.Web.UI.WebControls" assembly="System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> 
</controls> 
</pages> 
<httpHandlers> 
<remove verb="*" path="*.asmx"/> 
<add verb="*" path="*.asmx" validate="false" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> 
<add verb="*" path="*_AppService.axd" validate="false" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> 
<add verb="GET,HEAD" path="ScriptResource.axd" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptResourceHandler, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" validate="false"/> 
</httpHandlers> 
<httpModules> 
<add name="ScriptModule" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptModule, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> 
</httpModules> 
</system.web> 
<system.codedom> 
<compilers> 
<compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" warningLevel="4" type="Microsoft.CSharp.CSharpCodeProvider, System, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"> 
<providerOption name="CompilerVersion" value="v3.5"/> 
<providerOption name="WarnAsError" value="false"/> 
</compiler> 
</compilers> 
</system.codedom> 
<!-- 
The system.webServer section is required for running ASP.NET AJAX under Internet 
Information Services 7.0. It is not necessary for previous version of IIS. 
--> 
<system.webServer> 
<validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false"/> 
<modules> 
<remove name="ScriptModule"/> 
<add name="ScriptModule" preCondition="managedHandler" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptModule, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> 
</modules> 
<handlers> 
<remove name="WebServiceHandlerFactory-Integrated"/> 
<remove name="ScriptHandlerFactory"/> 
<remove name="ScriptHandlerFactoryAppServices"/> 
<remove name="ScriptResource"/> 
<add name="ScriptHandlerFactory" verb="*" path="*.asmx" preCondition="integratedMode" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> 
<add name="ScriptHandlerFactoryAppServices" verb="*" path="*_AppService.axd" preCondition="integratedMode" type="System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptHandlerFactory, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> 
<add name="ScriptResource" preCondition="integratedMode" verb="GET,HEAD" path="ScriptResource.axd" type="System.Web.Handlers.ScriptResourceHandler, System.Web.Extensions, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35"/> 
</handlers> 
</system.webServer> 
<runtime> 
<assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1"> 
<dependentAssembly> 
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Extensions" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/> 
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.1.0.0" newVersion="3.5.0.0"/> 
</dependentAssembly> 
<dependentAssembly> 
<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Extensions.Design" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/> 
<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.1.0.0" newVersion="3.5.0.0"/> 
</dependentAssembly> 
</assemblyBinding> 
</runtime> 
</configuration> 

用javascript直接访问asp.net的webservice，方法类似，自己构建ajax请求而已，注意的就是设置header,剩下的asp.net 3.0以上版本会自动序列化为json
代码下载
http://xiazai.jb51.net/yuanma/asp.net/jquery_webservices_json.zip

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