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Python scrapy爬取 Python scrapy爬取小说代码案例详解

咔咔kk 人气:0

scrapy是目前python使用的最广泛的爬虫框架

架构图如下

解释:

一。安装

pip install Twisted.whl

pip install Scrapy

Twisted的版本要与安装的python对应,https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/1709ad8027be404634c4f0e8.html

二。代码

本实例采用xpaths解析页面数据

按住shift-右键-在此处打开命令窗口

输入scrapy startproject qiushibaike 创建项目

输入scrapy genspiderqiushibaike 创建爬虫

1>结构

2>qiushibaike.py爬虫文件

import scrapy
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.spiders.crawl import Rule, CrawlSpider

class BaiduSpider(CrawlSpider):
  name = 'qiushibaike'
  allowed_domains = ['qiushibaike.com']
  start_urls = ['https://www.qiushibaike.com/text/']#启始页面
#        
  rules= (
    Rule(LinkExtractor(restrict_xpaths=r'//a[@class="contentHerf"]'),callback='parse_item',follow=True),
    Rule(LinkExtractor(restrict_xpaths=r'//ul[@class="pagination"]/li/a'),follow=True)
  )

  def parse_item(self, response):
    title=response.xpath('//h1[@class="article-title"]/text()').extract_first().strip() #标题
    time=response.xpath(' //span[@class="stats-time"]/text()').extract_first().strip() #发布时间
    content=response.xpath('//div[@class="content"]/text()').extract_first().replace('  ','\n') #内容
    score=response.xpath('//i[@class="number"]/text()').extract_first().strip() #好笑数

    yield({"title":title,"content":content,"time":time,"score":score});

3>pipelines.py 数据管道[code]class QiushibaikePipeline:

class QiushibaikePipeline:
  def open_spider(self,spider):#启动爬虫中调用
    self.f=open("xiaoshuo.txt","w",encoding='utf-8')
  def process_item(self, item, spider):
    info=item.get("title")+"\n"+ item.get("time")+" 好笑数"+item.get("score")+"\n"+ item.get("content")+'\n'
    self.f.write(info+"\n")
    self.f.flush()
  def close_spider(self,spider):#关闭爬虫中调用
    self.f.close()

4>settings.py

开启ZhonghengPipeline

ITEM_PIPELINES = {
  'qiushibaike.pipelines.QiushibaikePipeline': 300,
}

5>0main.py运行

from scrapy.cmdline import execute
execute('scrapy crawl qiushibaike'.split())

6>结果:

生成xiaohua.txt,里面有下载的笑话文字

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