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idea搭建springcloud项目 使用Idea简单快速搭建springcloud项目的图文教程

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前言：
开发工具：IntelliJ IDEA 2020版 (Ultimate Edition)
框架：spring boot 、spring cloud
搭建一套spring cloud微服务系统，实现服务之间的调用。
需要搭建一个父工程springcloud-test，一个服务注册中心eureka-server，两个微服务cloud-client,cloud-provider。
两个微服务均注册到服务注册中心。

一.搭建父项目

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2.

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3.

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（1）删掉src目录

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（2）定义pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

 <parent>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  <version>2.4.1</version>
  <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
 </parent>

 <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId>
 <artifactId>springcloud-test</artifactId>
 <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <packaging>pom</packaging>
 
 <properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
 </properties>
 
</project>

二.搭建eureka-server注册中心

1.

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2.

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3.

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4.

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5.

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6.

（1）定义pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

 <!--引入父工程依赖-->
 <parent>
  <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId>
  <artifactId>springcloud-test</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 </parent>

 <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId>
 <artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <packaging>jar</packaging>
 <name>eureka-server</name>
 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

 <properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  <spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
 </properties>

 <dependencies>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>

 <dependencyManagement>
  <dependencies>
   <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
    <type>pom</type>
    <scope>import</scope>
   </dependency>
  </dependencies>
 </dependencyManagement>

 <build>
  <plugins>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
   </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>

 <repositories>
  <repository>
   <id>spring-milestones</id>
   <name>Spring Milestones</name>
   <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
  </repository>
 </repositories>

</project>

（2）删掉test文件夹（自己设置，可有可无）
（3）启动加注解@EnableEurekaServer(开启eureka服务)

package com.chen.test.eurekaserver;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServerApplication {

 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
 }

}

(4)定义配置文件
配置文件改为application.yml(可有可无，看自己喜好)

server:
 port: 8080

spring:
 application:
 #应用名称（在注册中显示的）
 name: eureka-server
eureka:
 client:
 #此客户端是否获取eureka服务器注册表上的注册信息，默认为true
 fetch-registry: false
 #实例是否在eureka服务器上注册自己的信息以供其他服务发现，默认为true,即自己注册自己。
 register-with-eureka: true
 #与Eureka注册服务中心的通信zone和url地址
 serviceUrl:
  #http://localhost:8080/eureka/eureka
  defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka
 #服务注册中心实例的主机名
 instance:
 hostname: 127.0.0.1
 prefer-ip-address: true
 instance-id: 127.0.0.1:8080
 server:
 #设为false，关闭自我保护，即Eureka server在云心光器件会去统计心跳失败比例在15分钟之内是否低于85%,如果低于85%，EurekaServer
 #会将这些事例保护起来，让这些事例不会过期，但是在保护器内如果刚哈这个服务提供者非正常下线了，此时服务消费者会拿到一个无效的服务
 #实例，此时调用会失败，对于这个问题需要服务消费者端有一些容错机制，如重试、断路器等；
 enable-self-preservation: false
 #扫描失效服务的间隔时间（单位是毫秒，摩恩是60*1000)，即60s
 eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 10000

(5)测试

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三.搭建提供者服务

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2.

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3.

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4.

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5.

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6.

（1）定义pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <!--引入父工程依赖-->
 <parent>
  <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId>
  <artifactId>springcloud-test</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 </parent>
 
 <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId>
 <artifactId>cloud-provider</artifactId>
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <packaging>jar</packaging>
 <name>cloud-provider</name>
 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

 <properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  <spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
 </properties>

 <dependencies>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>

 <dependencyManagement>
  <dependencies>
   <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
    <type>pom</type>
    <scope>import</scope>
   </dependency>
  </dependencies>
 </dependencyManagement>

 <build>
  <plugins>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
   </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>

 <repositories>
  <repository>
   <id>spring-milestones</id>
   <name>Spring Milestones</name>
   <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
  </repository>
 </repositories>

</project>

(2)删除test文件加（可有可无）
(3)修改配置文件为application.yml(可有可无)

spring:
 application:
 name: cloud-provider
server:
 port: 8081

eureka:
 client:
 #此客户端是否获取eureka服务器注册表上的注册信息，默认为true
 fetch-registry: false
 #实例是否在eureka服务器上注册自己的信息以供其他服务发现，默认为true,即自己注册自己。
 register-with-eureka: true
 service-url:
  #defaultZone 这个是不会提示的，此处需要自己写
  #实际上属性应该是service-url,这个属性是个map（key-value）格式；当key是defaultZone的时候才能被解析；所以这里没有提示，
  #但是自己还需要写一个defaultZone；
  defaultZone: http://localhost:8080/eureka
 #服务注册中心实例的主机名
 instance:
 hostname: 127.0.0.1
 prefer-ip-address: true
 instance-id: 127.0.0.1:8081

（4）启动类加注解@EnableEurekaClient

package com.chen.test.cloudprovider;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class CloudProviderApplication {

 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(CloudProviderApplication.class, args);
 }

}

(5)测试

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四.搭建消费者服务

1.

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2.

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3.

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4.

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5.

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（1）定义pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 <!--引入父工程依赖-->
 <parent>
  <groupId>com.chen.test</groupId>
  <artifactId>springcloud-test</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 </parent>
 
 <groupId>com.chen.demo</groupId>
 <artifactId>cloud-client</artifactId>
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <packaging>jar</packaging>
 <name>cloud-client</name>
 <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

 <properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  <spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
 </properties>

 <dependencies>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>

 <dependencyManagement>
  <dependencies>
   <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
    <type>pom</type>
    <scope>import</scope>
   </dependency>
  </dependencies>
 </dependencyManagement>

 <build>
  <plugins>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
   </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>

 <repositories>
  <repository>
   <id>spring-milestones</id>
   <name>Spring Milestones</name>
   <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
  </repository>
 </repositories>

</project>

(2)删除test文件夹(可有可无)
(3)修改配置文件为application.yml(可有可无)

server:
 #定义端口号
 port: 8082
spring:
 application:
 #定义应用名称，即服务名称
 name: cloud-client
eureka:
 client:
 service-url:
  defaultZone: http://localhost:8080/eureka
 #服务注册中心实例的主机名
 instance:
 hostname: 127.0.0.1
 prefer-ip-address: true
 instance-id: 127.0.0.1:8082

(4)启动类加注解@EnableEurekaClient

package com.chen.demo.cloudclient;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class CloudClientApplication {

 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(CloudClientApplication.class, args);
 }

}

(5)测试

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（6）在父pom中加上

<modules>
  <module>eureka-server</module>
  <module>cloud-provider</module>
  <module>cloud-client</module>
 </modules>

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五.实现服务之间的调用

1.在cloud-provider中创建controller包和service包

package com.chen.test.cloudprovider.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.chen.test.cloudprovider.service.HelloService;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloController {

 @Autowired
 private HelloService helloService;
 @GetMapping("/getHello")
 public String getHello(){

  return helloService.getHello();
 }
}
package com.chen.test.cloudprovider.service;

public interface HelloService {

 String getHello();
}
package com.chen.test.cloudprovider.service.impl;

import com.chen.test.cloudprovider.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {

 @Override
 public String getHello() {
  return "你好兄弟";
 }
}

 

(2)测试

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（3）在cloud-client中创建controller包和service包

package com.chen.demo.cloudclient.controller;

import com.chen.demo.cloudclient.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/Hello")
public class HelloClient {

 @Autowired
 private HelloService helloService;

 @GetMapping("/getClient")
 public String getClient(){
  return helloService.getProduct();
 }
}
package com.chen.demo.cloudclient.service;


import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

//name 为product项目中application.yml配置文件中的application.name;
//path 为product项目中application.yml配置文件中的context.path;
@FeignClient(name = "cloud-provider",path ="/hello" )
//@Componet注解最好加上，不加idea会显示有错误，但是不影响系统运行；
@Component
public interface HelloService {

 @RequestMapping(value = "getHello")
 String getProduct();
}

特别注意
在启动类加上注解@EnableFeignClients

package com.chen.demo.cloudclient;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class CloudClientApplication {

 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(CloudClientApplication.class, args);
 }

}

（4）测试

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