mysql学习笔记之数据引擎

时间:2020-12-15 人气:0

插件式存储引擎是MySQL数据库最重要的特征之一，用户可以根据应用的需要寻找如何存储和索引数据、是否使用事务等。MySQL默认支持多种存储引擎，以适用于不同领域的数据库应用需求，用户可以通过选择选择不同的存储引擎提供应用的效率，提供灵活的存储

查看当前数据库支持的引擎

show engines
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| Engine       | Support | Comment                            | Transactions | XA  | Savepoints |
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| InnoDB       | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys   | YES     | YES | YES    |
| MRG_MYISAM     | YES   | Collection of identical MyISAM tables             | NO      | NO  | NO     |
| MEMORY       | YES   | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables   | NO      | NO  | NO     |
| BLACKHOLE     | YES   | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO      | NO  | NO     |
| MyISAM       | YES   | MyISAM storage engine                     | NO      | NO  | NO     |
| CSV        | YES   | CSV storage engine                       | NO      | NO  | NO     |
| ARCHIVE      | YES   | Archive storage engine                     | NO      | NO  | NO     |
| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES   | Performance Schema                       | NO      | NO  | NO     |
| FEDERATED     | NO   | Federated MySQL storage engine                 | NULL     | NULL | NULL    |
+--------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

或者

show engines \G
mysql> show engines \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
   Engine: InnoDB
   Support: DEFAULT
   Comment: Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys
Transactions: YES
     XA: YES
 Savepoints: YES
*************************** 2. row ***************************
   Engine: MRG_MYISAM
   Support: YES
   Comment: Collection of identical MyISAM tables
Transactions: NO
     XA: NO
 Savepoints: NO
*************************** 3. row ***************************
   Engine: MEMORY
   Support: YES
   Comment: Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables
Transactions: NO
     XA: NO
 Savepoints: NO
*************************** 4. row ***************************
   Engine: BLACKHOLE
   Support: YES
   Comment: /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears)
Transactions: NO
     XA: NO
 Savepoints: NO
*************************** 5. row ***************************
   Engine: MyISAM
   Support: YES
   Comment: MyISAM storage engine
Transactions: NO
     XA: NO
 Savepoints: NO
*************************** 6. row ***************************
   Engine: CSV
   Support: YES
   Comment: CSV storage engine
Transactions: NO
     XA: NO
 Savepoints: NO
*************************** 7. row ***************************
   Engine: ARCHIVE
   Support: YES
   Comment: Archive storage engine
Transactions: NO
     XA: NO
 Savepoints: NO
*************************** 8. row ***************************
   Engine: PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA
   Support: YES
   Comment: Performance Schema
Transactions: NO
     XA: NO
 Savepoints: NO
*************************** 9. row ***************************
   Engine: FEDERATED
   Support: NO
   Comment: Federated MySQL storage engine
Transactions: NULL
     XA: NULL
 Savepoints: NULL
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Engine 引擎的名称
Support 是否支付YES表示支持，NO表示不支持
Comment 评价或者备注 Defalut表示，默认支持的引擎
Transactions 是否支持事务，YES表示支持，NO表示不支持
XA 所有支持的分布式是否符合XA规范，YES表示支持，NO表示不支持
Savepoints 是否支持事务处理中的保存点，YES表示支持，NO表示不支持

或者

show variables like ‘have%'

mysql> show variables like 'have%';
+------------------------+----------+
| Variable_name     | Value  |
+------------------------+----------+
| have_compress     | YES   |
| have_crypt       | NO    |
| have_dynamic_loading  | YES   |
| have_geometry     | YES   |
| have_openssl      | DISABLED |
| have_profiling     | YES   |
| have_query_cache    | YES   |
| have_rtree_keys    | YES   |
| have_ssl        | DISABLED |
| have_statement_timeout | YES   |
| have_symlink      | YES   |
+------------------------+----------+
11 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

Variable_name 引擎名称
value 是否支持YES支持，NO不支持,DISABLED表示支持但未启用

查看默认引擎

show variables like ‘%storage_engine%'

mysql> show variables like '%storage_engine%';
+----------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name          | Value |
+----------------------------------+--------+
| default_storage_engine      | InnoDB |
| default_tmp_storage_engine    | InnoDB |
| disabled_storage_engines     |    |
| internal_tmp_disk_storage_engine | InnoDB |
+----------------------------------+--------+
4 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

InnoDB 为默认引擎

修改默认引擎

my.ini文件

[mysqld]
# The next three options are mutually exclusive to SERVER_PORT below.
# skip-networking
# enable-named-pipe
# shared-memory
# shared-memory-base-name=MYSQL
# The Pipe the MySQL Server will use
# socket=MYSQL
# The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on 默认端口号
port=3306
# Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this. 服务器的默认安装目录
# basedir="C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/"
# Path to the database root  数据库数据文件的目录
datadir=C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7\Data
# The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is
# created and no character set is defined 修改服务器默认字符
character-set-server=utf8
# The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables when
# 这里修改默认引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB

修改后重启Mysql服务

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