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Spring Boot 整合 MongoDB的示例

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本节使用SpringBoot 2.1.9.RELEASE,示例源码在https://github.com/laolunsi/spring-boot-examples/tree/master/06-spring-boot-mongo-demo

SpringBoot可以非常方便地引入和操作MongoDB。本节分两部分,记录个人学习SpringBoot使用MongoDB数据库的一些知识。

第一部分是一个简单的springboot连接mongo的demo,测试查询功能。

第二部分是基于mongo实现的增删改查数据示例。

本节使用SpringBoot 2.1.9.RELEASE

一、A simple demo

首先来演示SpringBoot项目引入MongoDB,以及一个简单的findAll操作。

maven依赖:

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>

环境配置:

application.yml文件中写入如下配置,test表示MongoDB中的test表

spring:
 data:
  mongodb:
   uri: "mongodb://localhost:27017/test"

以一个bean类为例:

package com.example;

public class User {

  private String id;
  private String name;
  private Integer age;
  private Integer grade;

  // ... ignore getter and setter


  // override its toString method
  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "User{" +
        "id='" + id + '\'' +
        ", name='" + name + '\'' +
        ", age=" + age +
        ", grade=" + grade +
        '}';
  }
}

在MongoDB数据库中新建一个collection(也就是表),名字叫user,插入几条数据,比如:

注:这里用的可视化工具是robo 3t:https://www.qb5200.com/database/567493.html

我们这里先默认JavaBean的字段与user表的字段名保持一致。

下面我们编写测试类:

@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class MongoTest {

  @Autowired
  private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;

  @Test
  public void test1() {
    List<User> userList = mongoTemplate.findAll(User.class);
    if (userList != null && userList.size() > 0) {
      userList.forEach(user -> {
        System.out.println(user.toString());
      });
    }
  }

}

运行测试类,输出如下:

User{id='5d243534514701183f5fcab8', name='zf0', age=12, grade=1}
User{id='5d243534514701183f5fcab9', name='zf1', age=13, grade=2}
User{id='5d243534514701183f5fcaba', name='zf2', age=14, grade=3}
User{id='5d243534514701183f5fcabb', name='zf3', age=15, grade=4}
User{id='5d243534514701183f5fcabc', name='zf4', age=16, grade=5}

二、基于SpringBoot的MongoDB增删改查操作

下面来实现一个基于SpringBoot的对MongoDB增删改查操作的简单示例,依然使用上面的环境:

maven:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
  <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
  <version>1.2.60</version>
</dependency>

yml:

server:
 port: 8866

spring:
 data:
  mongodb:
   uri: "mongodb://localhost:27017/test"

User类:

这里我们清楚一下之前的数据,把mongo里的user表里的数据全部删掉。

注:这里用的可视化工具admin-mongo:https://github.com/mrvautin/adminMongo

新建一个不同的user类:

@Document("user")
public class User {

  @Id
  private String id;

  @Field("name")
  private String name;

  @Field("password")
  private String password;

  @Field("address")
  private String address;

  @Field("create_time")
  private Date createTime;

  @Field("last_update_time")
  private Date lastUpdateTime;

  // ... ignore getter and setter methods

  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return JSONObject.toJSONString(this);
  }
}

此处定义一个JsonResult类,用于封装接口返回数据:

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class JsonResult {

  /**
   * 未登录
   */
  public static final int NO_LOGIN = 400;

  /**
   * 登录失败
   */
  public static final int LOGIN_FAILED = 401;

  /**
   * TOKEN过期
   */
  public static final int TOKEN_EXPIRED = 402;

  /**
   * 无权限
   */
  public static final int NO_PERMISSION = 403;


  private Boolean success;
  private Integer code;
  private String msg;
  private Object data;

  public JsonResult(Boolean success) {
    this.success = success;
  }

  public JsonResult(Boolean success, String msg) {
    this.success = success;
    this.msg = msg;
  }

  public JsonResult(Integer code, Boolean success, String msg) {
    this.code = code;
    this.success = success;
    this.msg = msg;
  }

  public JsonResult(Boolean success, Object data) {
    this.success = success;
    this.data = data;
  }

  public JsonResult(Boolean success, Integer code, String msg, Object data) {
    this.success = success;
    this.code = code;
    this.msg = msg;
    this.data = data;
  }

  // ... ignore getter and setter methods

  public void put(String key, Object value) {
    if (data == null) {
      data = new HashMap<>();
    }
    ((Map) data).put(key, value);
  }

  public void putAll(Map<String, Object> map) {
    if (data == null) {
      data = new HashMap<>();
    }
    ((Map) data).putAll(map);
  }

  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return JSONObject.toJSONString(this);
  }
}

下面编写测试接口类,实现用户的新增、删除、更新、查询功能

UserController类:

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "user")
public class UserController {

  @Autowired
  private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;

  @GetMapping(value = "")
  public JsonResult list() {
    List<User> userList = mongoTemplate.findAll(User.class, "user");
    return new JsonResult(true, userList);
  }

  @PostMapping(value = "")
  public JsonResult add(User user) {
    String msg = verifySaveForm(user);
    if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(msg)) {
      return new JsonResult(false, msg);
    }

    if (user.getId() == null) {
      user.setCreateTime(new Date());
      user.setLastUpdateTime(new Date());
      User newUser = mongoTemplate.insert(user, "user");
      return new JsonResult(true, newUser);
    } else {
      Query query = new Query();
      query.addCriteria(Criteria.where("_id").is(user.getId()));

      Update update = new Update();
      update.set("name", user.getName());
      update.set("password", user.getPassword());
      update.set("address", user.getAddress());
      update.set("last_update_time", new Date());

      UpdateResult updateResult = mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, "user");
      return new JsonResult(true, updateResult);
    }
  }

  @DeleteMapping(value = "{id}")
  public JsonResult delete(@PathVariable String id) {
    Query query = new Query();
    query.addCriteria(Criteria.where("_id").is(id));
    DeleteResult deleteResult = mongoTemplate.remove(query, User.class, "user");
    return new JsonResult(true, deleteResult);
  }

  // private methods

  private String verifySaveForm(User user) {
    if (user == null || StringUtils.isEmpty(user.getName())) {
      return "用户名不能为空";
    } else if (user.getPassword() == null) {
      return "密码不能为空";
    }

    return null;
  }
}

下面用postman模拟一下请求:

新增用户:

查看Mongodb:

更改数据,新增多个用户:

列表查询:

更改user:

删除user:

好,到此为止,我们已经在SpringBoot项目中引入了MongoDB,并实现了基本的增删改查操作,这将是我们使用MongoDB开发更加复杂的业务的基础!

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