Python捕获异常堆栈信息的几种方法(小结)
xiemanR 人气:2程序出错的时候,我们往往需要根据异常信息来找到具体出错的代码。简单地用print打印异常信息并不能很好地追溯出错的代码:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- def foo(a, b): c = a + b raise ValueError('test') return c def bar(a): print('a + 100:', foo(a, 100)) def main(): try: bar(100) except Exception as e: print(repr(e)) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
输出:
ValueError('test',)
打印的异常信息不够详细,对错误追踪没有多大帮助。这时候异常堆栈信息就派上用场了。下面简单介绍几种打印异常堆栈信息的方法。
1.最简单的方法之一就是使用logging.exception
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import logging def foo(a, b): c = a + b raise ValueError('test') return c def bar(a): print('a + 100:', foo(a, 100)) def main(): try: bar(100) except Exception as e: logging.exception(e) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
输出:
ERROR:root:test
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:/git_work/scrapy_ppt/test.py", line 16, in main
bar(100)
File "E:/git_work/scrapy_ppt/test.py", line 11, in bar
print('a + 100:', foo(a, 100))
File "E:/git_work/scrapy_ppt/test.py", line 6, in foo
raise ValueError('test')
ValueError: test
从异常堆栈信息中我们可以不费力气就找出错误代码是哪一行。
2.其它方法:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import traceback import sys def foo(a, b): c = a + b raise ValueError('test') return c def bar(a): print('a + 100:', foo(a, 100)) def main(): try: bar(100) except Exception as e: # 方法二 traceback.print_exc() # 方法三 msg = traceback.format_exc() print(msg) et, ev, tb = sys.exc_info() # 方法四 traceback.print_tb(tb) # 方法五 traceback.print_exception(et, ev, tb) # 方法六 msg = traceback.format_exception(et, ev, tb) for m in msg: print(m) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
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